目录
一、rac安装规划1.1、所需软件介绍1.2、IP地址规划1.3、操作系统本地磁盘分区规划1.4、共享存储与ASM磁盘组规划二、操作系统配置2.1、准备OS2.2、添加网卡2.3、修改主机名2.4、配置静态IP地址2.4.1、修改mac地址2.4.2、配置静态IP地址2.5、关闭防火墙2.6、禁用selinux2.7、修改/etc/hosts文件2.8、添加组和用户2.9、创建安装目录2.9.1、挂载/u01目录2.9.2、创建目录2.10、配置grid和oracle用户的环境变量文件2.11、配置root用户的环境变量2.12、安装软件依赖包2.13、配置内核参数2.13.1、修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件2.13.2、修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件2.13.3、修改/etc/pam.d/login文件2.13.4、修改/etc/profile文件2.14、关闭NTP和chrony服务2.15、关闭avahi-daemon2.16、将NOZEROCONF=yes添加到/etc/sysconfig/network文件中2.17、禁用透明大页2.18、停止不用的服务2.19、提升开关机速度三、配置共享存储3.1、服务端配置3.1.1、创建LVM3.1.2、使用yum安装targetd和targetcli3.1.3、使用targetcli创建设备3.1.4、使用targetcli创建iqn和LUN3.1.5、使用targetcli创建acls3.1.6、配置target监听IP和端口3.1.7、保存配置3.2、客户端配置3.2.1、安装服务并启动3.2.2、使用iscsiadm发现可用存储设备并登陆连接3.2.3、创建并配置udev rules文件四、数据库软件包准备4.1、上传安装软件4.2、解压软件五、安装前预检查5.1、安装补丁包(cvuqdisk)5.2、配SSH互信，建立ssh等效性5.3、cluster硬件检测--安装前预检查配置信息六、图形界面安装集群和db6.1、安装grid6.2、安装db6.3、创建磁盘组6.4、创建数据库七、静默安装集群和db7.1、静默安装grid7.1.1、root.sh脚本7.2、静默安装db软件7.3、创建DATA和FRA磁盘组7.4、静默创建数据库7.5、创建PDB数据库八、修改基本配置8.1、禁用crs和db的自启动8.2、修改SQL提示符
一、rac安装规划
官网安装过程：https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/rilin/index.html
1.1、所需软件介绍
Oracle RAC不支持异构平台。在同一个集群中，可以支持具有速度和规模不同的机器，但所有节点必须运行在相同的操作系统。Oracle RAC不支持具有不同的芯片架构的机器。
| 序号 | 类型 | 内容 | MD5 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 数据库 | LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip | 8ac915a800800ddf16a382506d3953db |
| 2 | 集群软件 | LINUX.X64_213000_grid_home.zip | b3fbdb7621ad82cbd4f40943effdd1be |
| 3 | 操作系统 | CentOS-7.8-x86_64-DVD-2003.iso | 16673979023254EA09CC0B57853A7BBD |
| 4 | 虚拟机软件 | VMware Workstation Pro 16.0.0 build-16894299 | |
| 5 | Xmanager Enterprise 4 | Xmanager Enterprise 4，用于打开图形界面 | |
| 6 | SecureCRTPortable.exe | Version 6.6.1 (build 289) ，带有SecureCRT和SecureFX，用于SSH连接和FTP上传 |
备注：
1、OS内存至少8G
2、安装OS和数据库前需要对下载好的安装包进行MD5值校验，检查其完整性
21c数据库软件下载可以参考：https://www.xmmup.com/dbbao76zaidockerzhongzhixu2bujikeyongyouoracle-21chuanjing.html
1.2、IP地址规划
从Oracle 11g开始，一共至少7个IP地址，2块网卡，其中public、vip和scan都在同一个网段，private在另一个网段，主机名不要包含下横线，如：RAC_01是不允许的；通过执行ifconfig -a
检查2个节点的网卡名称必须一致。另外，在安装之前，公网、私网共4个IP可以ping通，其它3个不能ping通才是正常的。
从18c开始，scan建议至少3个。
| 节点/主机名 | IP Address | Interface Name | 地址类型 | 注册位置 | 虚拟网卡适配器 | 操作系统网卡 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| raclhr-21c-n1 | 192.168.59.62 | raclhr-21c-n1 | Public | /etc/hosts | VMnet8（nat模式） | ens33 |
| raclhr-21c-n1 | 192.168.59.64 | raclhr-21c-n1-vip | Virtual | /etc/hosts | VMnet8（nat模式） | ens33 |
| raclhr-21c-n1 | 192.168.2.62 | raclhr-21c-n1-priv | Private | /etc/hosts | VMnet2（仅主机模式） | ens34 |
raclhr-21c-n2 | 192.168.59.63 | raclhr-21c-n2 | Public | /etc/hosts | VMnet8（nat模式） | ens33 |
raclhr-21c-n2 | 192.168.59.65 | raclhr-21c-n2-vip | Virtual | /etc/hosts | VMnet8（nat模式） | ens33 |
raclhr-21c-n2 | 192.168.2.63 | raclhr-21c-n2-priv | Private | /etc/hosts | VMnet2（仅主机模式） | ens34 |
| 192.168.59.66192.168.59.67192.168.59.68 | raclhr-21c-scan | SCAN | /etc/hosts | VMnet8（nat模式） | ens33 |
1.3、操作系统本地磁盘分区规划
除了/boot分区外，其它分区均采用逻辑卷的方式，这样有利于文件系统的扩展。
| 序号 | 分区名称 | 大小 | 逻辑卷 | 用途说明 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | /u01 | 50G | /dev/mapper/vg_orasoft-lv_orasoft_u01 | oracle和grid的安装目录 |
| 2 | /soft | 20G | /dev/mapper/VG_OS-lv_VG_OS_soft | 存储软件，至少10G |
1.4、共享存储与ASM磁盘组规划
| 序号 | ASM磁盘名称 | 磁盘组名称 | 冗余方式 | 大小 | 用途 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | /dev/asm-diskd/dev/asm-diske/dev/asm-diskf | OCR | Normal | 3G | OCR+VOTINGDISK | 最少1G |
| 2 | /dev/asm-diskg/dev/asm-diskh/dev/asm-diski | MGMT | External | 30G | MGMT | 最少30G，可以选择不安装GIMR组件 |
| 3 | /dev/asm-diskj/dev/asm-diskk/dev/asm-disl | DATA | External | 45G | 存储数据库数据文件 | |
| 4 | /dev/asm-diskm/dev/asm-diskn/dev/asm-disko | FRA | External | 30G | 快速恢复区 |
二、操作系统配置
若无特殊说明，那么以下操作在2个节点均需要执行。
2.1、准备OS
安装步骤略，也可以下载小麦苗已经安装好的虚拟机环境：https://www.xmmup.com/ziliaofenxiang.html
安装一台虚拟机，然后复制改名，如下：
用虚拟机软件打开：
2.2、添加网卡
首先，需要添加网卡适配器：
VMnet2如下：
VMnet8如下：
网关为：192.168.59.2，如下所示：
先删除再添加
，添加2块网卡，VMnet8为公有网卡，VMnet2为私有网卡，如下所示：
打开后，选择我已复制该虚拟机。
2.3、修改主机名
修改2个节点的主机名为raclhr-21c-n1和raclhr-21c-n2：
1hostnamectl set-hostname raclhr-21c-n12hostnamectl set-hostname raclhr-21c-n2
2.4、配置静态IP地址
在2个节点上分别配置静态IP地址。
在节点2上配置IP的时候注意将IP地址（IPADDR）修改掉。需要确保2个节点上的网卡MAC地址不一样，否则节点间不能通信。
2.4.1、修改mac地址
使用ifconfig
或ip link show
查看mac地址，修改文件/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-ipoib.rules
1cat > /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-ipoib.rules <<"EOF"2SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:25:83:db", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="ens33"3SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:25:83:e5", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="ens34"4EOF
2.4.2、配置静态IP地址
注意修改IPADDR和HWADDR地址。
1、配置公网：/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
1cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 <<"EOF" 2DEVICE=ens33 3NAME=ens33 4IPADDR=192.168.59.62 5NETMASK=255.255.255.0 6GATEWAY=192.168.59.2 7ONBOOT=yes 8USERCTL=no 9BOOTPROTO=static10HWADDR=00:0c:29:25:83:db11TYPE=Ethernet12IPV6INIT=no13DNS1=114.114.114.11414DNS2=8.8.8.815NM_CONTROLLED=no16EOF
2、配置私网：/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34
。注意第二块网卡不能配置网关，否则系统默认网关就变成了第二块网卡的网关，从而导致系统不能上外网。
1cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34 <<"EOF" 2DEVICE=ens34 3NAME=ens34 4IPADDR=192.168.2.62 5NETMASK=255.255.255.0 6ONBOOT=yes 7USERCTL=no 8BOOTPROTO=static 9HWADDR=00:0c:29:25:83:e510TYPE=Ethernet11IPV6INIT=no12DNS1=114.114.114.11413DNS2=8.8.8.814NM_CONTROLLED=no15EOF
该部分内容做完后，可以重启一次OS。
2.5、关闭防火墙
1systemctl disable firewalld2systemctl stop firewalld3systemctl status firewalld45systemctl list-unit-files | grep fire
2.6、禁用selinux
手工修改/etc/selinux/config
的SELINUX=disabled
，或使用下面命令：
1sed -i '/^SELINUX=.*/ s//SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
重启才能生效，校验：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# getenforce 2Disabled
2.7、修改/etc/hosts文件
增加如下的内容：
1#Public IP 2192.168.59.62 raclhr-21c-n1 3192.168.59.63 raclhr-21c-n2 4 5#Private IP 6192.168.2.62 raclhr-21c-n1-priv 7192.168.2.63 raclhr-21c-n2-priv 8 9#Virtual IP10192.168.59.64 raclhr-21c-n1-vip11192.168.59.65 raclhr-21c-n2-vip1213#Scan IP14192.168.59.66 raclhr-21c-scan15192.168.59.67 raclhr-21c-scan16192.168.59.68 raclhr-21c-scan
注意：需要保留127.0.0.1 localhost
这行。
2.8、添加组和用户
1groupadd -g 54321 oinstall 2groupadd -g 54322 dba 3groupadd -g 54323 oper 4groupadd -g 54324 backupdba 5groupadd -g 54325 dgdba 6groupadd -g 54326 kmdba 7groupadd -g 54327 asmdba 8groupadd -g 54328 asmoper 9groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin 10groupadd -g 54330 racdba1112useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba,oper oracle 13useradd -u 54322 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba,racdba grid 1415echo lhr | passwd --stdin oracle16echo lhr | passwd --stdin grid
2.9、创建安装目录
2.9.1、挂载/u01目录
首先，在2个节点都各自添加一块200g大小的磁盘：
然后做卷组，200g磁盘大约分10个PE，每个PE大约20g：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# fdisk -l | grep sd 2Disk /dev/sdb: 1073.7 GB, 1073741824000 bytes, 2097152000 sectors 3/dev/sdb1 2048 209717247 104857600 8e Linux LVM 4/dev/sdb2 209717248 419432447 104857600 8e Linux LVM 5/dev/sdb3 419432448 629147647 104857600 8e Linux LVM 6/dev/sdb4 629147648 2097151999 734002176 5 Extended 7/dev/sdb5 629149696 838864895 104857600 8e Linux LVM 8/dev/sdb6 838866944 1048582143 104857600 8e Linux LVM 9/dev/sdb7 1048584192 1258299391 104857600 8e Linux LVM 10/dev/sdb8 1258301440 1468016639 104857600 8e Linux LVM 11/dev/sdb9 1468018688 1677733887 104857600 8e Linux LVM 12/dev/sdb10 1677735936 1887451135 104857600 8e Linux LVM 13/dev/sdb11 1887453184 2097151999 104849408 8e Linux LVM 14Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors 15/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux 16/dev/sda2 2099200 180248575 89074688 8e Linux LVM 17Disk /dev/sdc: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors 18[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc 19Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). 20 21Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. 22Be careful before using the write command. 23 24Device does not contain a recognized partition table 25Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x6d06be8a. 26 27Command (m for help): m 28Command action 29 a toggle a bootable flag 30 b edit bsd disklabel 31 c toggle the dos compatibility flag 32 d delete a partition 33 g create a new empty GPT partition table 34 G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table 35 l list known partition types 36 m print this menu 37 n add a new partition 38 o create a new empty DOS partition table 39 p print the partition table 40 q quit without saving changes 41 s create a new empty Sun disklabel 42 t change a partition's system id 43 u change display/entry units 44 v verify the partition table 45 w write table to disk and exit 46 x extra functionality (experts only) 47 48Command (m for help): l 49 50 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 51 1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 52 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 53 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 54 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 55 5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 56 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 57 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 58 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 59 9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access 60 a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O 61 b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor 62 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs 63 e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT 64 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 6510 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 6611 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 6712 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 6814 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 6916 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 7017 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 7118 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 721b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 731c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT 741e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix 75 76Command (m for help): p 77 78Disk /dev/sdc: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors 79Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 80Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 81I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 82Disk label type: dos 83Disk identifier: 0x6d06be8a 84 85 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System 86 87Command (m for help): n 88Partition type: 89 p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) 90 e extended 91Select (default p): p 92Partition number (1-4, default 1): 93First sector (2048-419430399, default 2048): 94Using default value 2048 95Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-419430399, default 419430399): +20G 96Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set 97 98Command (m for help): n 99Partition type:100 p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)101 e extended102Select (default p): 103Using default response p104Partition number (2-4, default 2): 105First sector (41945088-419430399, default 41945088): 106Using default value 41945088107Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (41945088-419430399, default 419430399): +20G108Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set109110Command (m for help): n111Partition type:112 p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)113 e extended114Select (default p): 115Using default response p116Partition number (3,4, default 3): 117First sector (83888128-419430399, default 83888128): 118Using default value 83888128119Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (83888128-419430399, default 419430399): +20G120Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set121122Command (m for help): n123Partition type:124 p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)125 e extended126Select (default e): 127Using default response e128Selected partition 4129First sector (125831168-419430399, default 125831168): 130Using default value 125831168131Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (125831168-419430399, default 419430399): 132Using default value 419430399133Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 140 GiB is set134135Command (m for help): n136All primary partitions are in use137Adding logical partition 5138First sector (125833216-419430399, default 125833216): 139Using default value 125833216140Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (125833216-419430399, default 419430399): +20G141Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set142143Command (m for help): n144All primary partitions are in use145Adding logical partition 6146First sector (167778304-419430399, default 167778304): 147Using default value 167778304148Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (167778304-419430399, default 419430399): +20G149Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set150151Command (m for help): n152All primary partitions are in use153Adding logical partition 7154First sector (209723392-419430399, default 209723392): 155Using default value 209723392156Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (209723392-419430399, default 419430399): +20G157Partition 7 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set158159Command (m for help): n160All primary partitions are in use161Adding logical partition 8162First sector (251668480-419430399, default 251668480): 163Using default value 251668480164Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (251668480-419430399, default 419430399): +20G165Partition 8 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set166167Command (m for help): n168All primary partitions are in use169Adding logical partition 9170First sector (293613568-419430399, default 293613568): 171Using default value 293613568172Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (293613568-419430399, default 419430399): +20G173Partition 9 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set174175Command (m for help): n176All primary partitions are in use177Adding logical partition 10178First sector (335558656-419430399, default 335558656): 179Using default value 335558656180Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (335558656-419430399, default 419430399): +20G181Partition 10 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set182183Command (m for help): n184All primary partitions are in use185Adding logical partition 11186First sector (377503744-419430399, default 377503744): 187Using default value 377503744188Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (377503744-419430399, default 419430399): +20G189Value out of range.190Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (377503744-419430399, default 419430399): 191Using default value 419430399192Partition 11 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set193194Command (m for help): p195196Disk /dev/sdc: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors197Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes198Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes199I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes200Disk label type: dos201Disk identifier: 0x6d06be8a202203 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System204/dev/sdc1 2048 41945087 20971520 83 Linux205/dev/sdc2 41945088 83888127 20971520 83 Linux206/dev/sdc3 83888128 125831167 20971520 83 Linux207/dev/sdc4 125831168 419430399 146799616 5 Extended208/dev/sdc5 125833216 167776255 20971520 83 Linux209/dev/sdc6 167778304 209721343 20971520 83 Linux210/dev/sdc7 209723392 251666431 20971520 83 Linux211/dev/sdc8 251668480 293611519 20971520 83 Linux212/dev/sdc9 293613568 335556607 20971520 83 Linux213/dev/sdc10 335558656 377501695 20971520 83 Linux214/dev/sdc11 377503744 419430399 20963328 83 Linux215216217Command (m for help): t218Partition number (1-11, default 11): 1219Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e220Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'221222Command (m for help): t223Partition number (1-11, default 11): 2224Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e225Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'226227Command (m for help): t228Partition number (1-11, default 11): 3229Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e230Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'231232Command (m for help): t233Partition number (1-11, default 11): 5234Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e235Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'236237Command (m for help): t238Partition number (1-11, default 11): 6239Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e240Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'241242Command (m for help): t243Partition number (1-11, default 11): 7244Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e245Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'246247Command (m for help): t248Partition number (1-11, default 11): 8249Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e250Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'251252Command (m for help): t253Partition number (1-11, default 11): 9254Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e255Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'256257Command (m for help): t258Partition number (1-11, default 11): 10259Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e260Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'261262Command (m for help): t 263Partition number (1-11, default 11): 264Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e265Changed type of partition 'Empty' to 'Linux LVM'266267268Command (m for help): p269270Disk /dev/sdc: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors271Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes272Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes273I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes274Disk label type: dos275Disk identifier: 0x6d06be8a276277 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System278/dev/sdc1 2048 41945087 20971520 8e Linux LVM279/dev/sdc2 41945088 83888127 20971520 8e Linux LVM280/dev/sdc3 83888128 125831167 20971520 8e Linux LVM281/dev/sdc4 125831168 419430399 146799616 5 Extended282/dev/sdc5 125833216 167776255 20971520 8e Linux LVM283/dev/sdc6 167778304 209721343 20971520 8e Linux LVM284/dev/sdc7 209723392 251666431 20971520 8e Linux LVM285/dev/sdc8 251668480 293611519 20971520 8e Linux LVM286/dev/sdc9 293613568 335556607 20971520 8e Linux LVM287/dev/sdc10 335558656 377501695 20971520 8e Linux LVM288/dev/sdc11 377503744 419430399 20963328 8e Linux LVM289290Command (m for help): w291The partition table has been altered!292293Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.294Syncing disks.
分区完成后，开始创建逻辑卷，挂载分区等操作：
1pvcreate /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc3 /dev/sdc5 /dev/sdc6 /dev/sdc7 /dev/sdc8 /dev/sdc9 /dev/sdc10 /dev/sdc112vgcreate vg_oracle /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc3 /dev/sdc5 /dev/sdc6 /dev/sdc7 /dev/sdc8 /dev/sdc9 /dev/sdc10 /dev/sdc113lvcreate -n lv_orasoft_u01 -L 60G vg_oracle4mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_orasoft_u015mkdir /u016mount /dev/vg_oracle/lv_orasoft_u01 /u0178echo "/dev/vg_oracle/lv_orasoft_u01 /u01 ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
查询：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# df -h 2Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on 3devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev 4tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm 5tmpfs 3.9G 13M 3.9G 1% /run 6tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup 7/dev/mapper/centos_lhrdocker-root 50G 5.0G 42G 11% / 8/dev/sda1 976M 143M 767M 16% /boot 9/dev/mapper/centos_lhrdocker-home 9.8G 41M 9.2G 1% /home10/dev/mapper/vg_docker-lv_docker 788G 73M 748G 1% /var/lib/docker11tmpfs 797M 12K 797M 1% /run/user/4212tmpfs 797M 0 797M 0% /run/user/013/dev/mapper/vg_oracle-lv_orasoft_u01 59G 53M 56G 1% /u01
2.9.2、创建目录
1mkdir -p /u01/app/21.3.0/grid 2mkdir -p /u01/app/grid 3mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle 4mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1 5chown -R grid:oinstall /u01 6chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle 7chmod -R 775 /u01/ 8 9mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory10chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory11chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
2.10、配置grid和oracle用户的环境变量文件
oracle用户：
1cat >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile <<"EOF" 2 3umask 022 4export ORACLE_SID=rac21c1 5export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle 6export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1 7export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib 8export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS" 9export TMP=/tmp10export TMPDIR=$TMP11export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH121314export EDITOR=vi15export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin16export ORACLE_PATH=.:$ORACLE_BASE/dba_scripts/sql:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin17export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin181920#export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK" --AL32UTF8 SELECT userenv('LANGUAGE') db_NLS_LANG FROM DUAL;21export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"2223alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'24alias rman='rlwrap rman'25alias asmcmd='rlwrap asmcmd'26alias dgmgrl='rlwrap dgmgrl'27alias sas='sqlplus / as sysdba'2829EOF30313233cat >> /home/grid/.bash_profile <<"EOF"3435umask 02236export ORACLE_SID=+ASM137export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid38export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/21.3.0/grid39export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib40export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"41export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH42alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus' 43alias asmcmd='rlwrap asmcmd'44alias dgmgrl='rlwrap dgmgrl'45alias sas='sqlplus / as sysdba'4647EOF
注意：另外一台数据库实例名须做相应修改：
Oracle：export ORACLE_SID=rac21c2grid：export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
2.11、配置root用户的环境变量
1cat >> /etc/profile <<"EOF"23export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid4export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/21.3.0/grid5export GRID_BASE=$ORACLE_BASE6export GRID_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME7export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin89EOF
2.12、安装软件依赖包
安装一些常用的包：
1yum install -y openssh-clients openssh-server initscripts net-tools telnet which wget \ 2 passwd e4fsprogs lrzsz sudo unzip lvm2 tree traceroute lsof file tar systemd \ 3 bridge-utils mlocate mailx strace less mmv stress 4yum install -y dos2unix rlwrap xdpyinfo xorg-x11-apps nmap numactl numactl-devel \ 5 iproute rsyslog bash-completion tmux sysbench vim redhat-lsb smartmontools xinetd \ 6 gcc make sysstat ksh binutils socat cmake automake autoconf bzr bison libtool deltarpm \ 7 rsync libev pv subversion nload gnuplot jq oniguruma yum-fastestmirror net-snmp net-snmp-utils \ 8 nfs-utils rpcbind postfix dovecot bind-utils bind bind-chroot dnsmasq haproxy keepalived bzr \ 9 fio bzip2 ntp flex lftp10yum install -y ncurses-devel libgcrypt-devel libaio libaio-devel \11 perl perl-Env perl-devel perl-Time-HiRes perl-DBD-MySQL perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker perl-TermReadKey \12 perl-Config-Tiny perl-Email-Date-Format perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Mail-Sender perl-Mail-Sendmail \13 perl-MIME-Lite perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Digest-MD5 perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-IO-Socket-SSL \14 perl-JSON openssl-devel libverto-devel libsepol-devel libselinux-devel libkadm5 keyutils-libs-devel \15 krb5-devel libcom_err-devel cyrus-sasl* perl-DBD-Pg perf slang perl-DBI perl-CPAN \16 perl-ExtUtils-eBuilder cpan perl-tests17yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33 gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 \18 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686 \19 libXext libXext.i686 libXtst libXtst.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libXau libXau.i686 \20 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 unixODBC unixODBC-devel zlib-devel zlib-devel.i686 \21 compat-libcap1 libXp libXp-devel libXp.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel compat-db \22 gnome-libs pdksh xscreensaver fontconfig-devel libXrender-devel2324 yum remove PackageKit -y
检查：
1rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' binutils \ 2compat-libcap1 \ 3compat-libstdc++-33 \ 4gcc \ 5gcc-c++ \ 6glibc \ 7glibc-devel \ 8ksh \ 9libgcc \10libstdc++ \11libstdc++-devel \12libaio \13libaio-devel \14libXext \15libXtst \16libX11 \17libXau \18libxcb \19libXi \20make \21elfutils-libelf-devel \22sysstat | grep "not installed"
2.13、配置内核参数
2.13.1、修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件
1cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<"EOF" 2vm.swappiness = 1 3vm.dirty_background_ratio = 3 4vm.dirty_ratio = 80 5vm.dirty_expire_centisecs = 500 6vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs = 100 7kernel.shmmni = 4096 8kernel.shmall = 1073741824 9kernel.shmmax = 439804651110410kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 12811net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 12net.core.rmem_default = 26214413net.core.rmem_max = 419430414net.core.wmem_default = 26214415net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 16fs.aio-max-nr = 104857617fs.file-max = 681574418kernel.panic_on_oops = 119kernel.watchdog_thresh=3020EOF
生效：
1/sbin/sysctl -p
2.13.2、修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件
1echo "grid soft nofile 1024 2grid hard nofile 65536 3grid soft stack 10240 4grid hard stack 32768 5grid soft nproc 2047 6grid hard nproc 16384 7oracle soft nofile 1024 8oracle hard nofile 65536 9oracle soft stack 1024010oracle hard stack 3276811oracle soft nproc 204712oracle hard nproc 1638413oracle hard memlock 814572814oracle soft memlock 814572815root soft nproc 2047 " >> /etc/security/limits.conf
2.13.3、修改/etc/pam.d/login文件
1echo "session required pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/login
2.13.4、修改/etc/profile文件
1cat >> /etc/profile << "EOF" 2if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then 3 if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then 4 ulimit -p 16384 5 ulimit -n 65536 6 else 7 ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 8 fi 9 umask 02210fi11EOF
2.14、关闭NTP和chrony服务
可以采用操作系统的NTP服务，也可以使用Oracle自带的服务ctss，如果ntp没有启用，那么Oracle会自动启用自己的ctssd进程。从oracle 11gR2 RAC开始使用Cluster Time Synchronization Service(CTSS)同步各节点的时间,当安装程序发现NTP协议处于非活动状态时，安装集群时间同步服务将以活动模式（active）自动进行安装并同步所有节点的时间。如果发现配置了NTP，则以观察者模式（observer mode）启动集群时间同步服务，Oracle Clusterware不会在集群中进行活动的时间同步。
1systemctl stop ntpd 2systemctl disable ntpd.service3mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak
Chrony是一个开源的自由软件，它能帮助你保持系统时钟与时钟服务器（NTP）同步，因此让你的时间保持精确。它由两个程序组成，分别是chronyd和chronyc。chronyd是一个后台运行的守护进程，用于调整内核中运行的系统时钟和时钟服务器同步。它确定计算机增减时间的比率，并对此进行补偿。chronyc提供了一个用户界面，用于监控性能并进行多样化的配置。它可以在chronyd实例控制的计算机上工作，也可以在一台不同的远程计算机上工作。
1systemctl disable chronyd2systemctl stop chronyd3mv /etc/chrony.conf /etc/chrony.conf_bak
2.15、关闭avahi-daemon
1systemctl stop avahi-daemon 2systemctl disable avahi-daemon
Avahi允许程序在不需要进行手动网络配置的情况 下，在一个本地网络中发布和获知各种服务和主机。例如，当某用户把他的计算机接入到某个局域网时，如果他的机器运行有Avahi服务，则Avahi程式自动广播，从而发现网络中可用的打印机、共享文件和可相互聊天的其他用户。这有点象他正在接收局域网中的各种网络广告一样。
Linux下系统实际启动的进程名，是avahi-daemon。
2.16、将NOZEROCONF=yes添加到/etc/sysconfig/network文件中
1echo 'NOZEROCONF=yes' >> /etc/sysconfig/network
2.17、禁用透明大页
参考：https://www.xmmup.com/linux-biaozhundayehetoumingdaye.html
1cat >> /etc/rc.local <<"EOF" 2 3if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then 4 echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled 5fi 6 7if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then 8 echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag 9fi1011EOF1213chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local14sh /etc/rc.local1516cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag17cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
建议配置大页功能，参考：https://www.xmmup.com/oracleshujukupeizhidaye.html
2.18、停止不用的服务
1systemctl list-unit-files | grep enable 2 3systemctl stop autofs 4systemctl stop nfslock 5systemctl stop rpcidmapd 6systemctl stop rpcgssd 7systemctl stop ntpd 8systemctl stop bluetooth.service 9systemctl stop cups.path 10systemctl stop cups.socket11systemctl stop postfix.service12systemctl stop rpcbind.service13systemctl stop rpcbind.socket14systemctl stop NetworkManager-dispatcher.service15systemctl stop dbus-org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.service16systemctl stop abrt-ccpp.service17systemctl stop cups.service18systemctl stop libvirtd1920systemctl disable autofs21systemctl disable nfslock22systemctl disable rpcidmapd23systemctl disable rpcgssd24systemctl disable ntpd25systemctl disable bluetooth.service26systemctl disable cups.path 27systemctl disable cups.socket28systemctl disable postfix.service29systemctl disable rpcbind.service30systemctl disable rpcbind.socket31systemctl disable NetworkManager-dispatcher.service32systemctl disable dbus-org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.service33systemctl disable abrt-ccpp.service34systemctl disable cups.service35systemctl disable libvirtd
2.19、提升开关机速度
在centos在关机或开机时一直等待，等待时间久，卡住时间久，提示A stop job is running for ……
解决：
1cat >> /etc/systemd/system.conf << "EOF"2DefaultTimeoutStartSec=5s3DefaultTimeoutStopSec=5s4EOF56systemctl daemon-reload
三、配置共享存储
这个是重点，也是最容易出错的地方。共享存储可以使用第三方软件提供的方式来共享（例如openfiler），也可以使用 WMware Workstation软件进行存储共享，也可以使用ISCSI网络存储服务来配置共享存储。我们本次使用ISCSI网络存储服务+udev的方式进行模拟共享存储，将节点2上的多出的磁盘作为共享存储。
3.1、服务端配置
这里的服务端即节点2。
3.1.1、创建LVM
在节点2执行：
1lvcreate -L 1g -n lv_ocr1 vg_oracle 2lvcreate -L 1g -n lv_ocr2 vg_oracle 3lvcreate -L 1g -n lv_ocr3 vg_oracle 4 5lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_mgmt1 vg_oracle 6lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_mgmt2 vg_oracle 7lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_mgmt3 vg_oracle 8 9lvcreate -L 15g -n lv_data1 vg_oracle10lvcreate -L 15g -n lv_data2 vg_oracle11lvcreate -L 15g -n lv_data3 vg_oracle1213lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_fra1 vg_oracle14lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_fra2 vg_oracle15lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_fra3 vg_oracle
3.1.2、使用yum安装targetd和targetcli
在节点2执行：
1yum -y install targetd targetcli23systemctl start target4systemctl enable target5systemctl status target67systemctl list-unit-files|grep target.service
同时确认targetd服务启动状态和开机启动。
3.1.3、使用targetcli创建设备
targetcli进入命令行，cd到/backstores/block目录下，创建设备：
1targetcli 2ls 3cd /backstores/block 4 5create ocr1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr1 6create ocr2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr2 7create ocr3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr3 8 9create mgmt1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt110create mgmt2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt211create mgmt3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt31213create data1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data114create data2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data215create data3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data31617create fra1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra118create fra2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra219create fra3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra3
执行过程：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n2 ~]# targetcli 2Warning: Could not load preferences file /root/.targetcli/prefs.bin. 3targetcli shell version 2.1.53 4Copyright 2011-2013 by Datera, Inc and others. 5For help on commands, type 'help'. 6 7/> ls 8o- / ......................................................................................................................... [...] 9 o- backstores .............................................................................................................. [...]10 | o- block .................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 0]11 | o- fileio ................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 0]12 | o- pscsi .................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 0]13 | o- ramdisk ................................................................................................ [Storage Objects: 0]14 o- iscsi ............................................................................................................ [Targets: 0]15 o- loopback ......................................................................................................... [Targets: 0]16/> cd /backstores/block17/backstores/block> 18/backstores/block> create ocr1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr119Created block storage object ocr1 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr1.20/backstores/block> 21/backstores/block> create ocr2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr222create ocr3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr323Created block storage object ocr2 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr2.2425/backstores/block> create ocr3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr326create mgmt1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt127create mgmt2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt228Created block storage object ocr3 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr3.29/backstores/block> 30/backstores/block> create mgmt1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt131Created block storage object mgmt1 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt1.32/backstores/block> create mgmt2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt233create mgmt3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt334Created block storage object mgmt2 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt2.35/backstores/block> create mgmt3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt33637Created block storage object mgmt3 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt3.38/backstores/block> 39/backstores/block> create data1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data140Created block storage object data1 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data1.41/backstores/block> create data2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data242Created block storage object data2 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data2.43/backstores/block> create data3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data344Created block storage object data3 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_data3.45/backstores/block> 46/backstores/block> create fra1 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra147Created block storage object fra1 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra1.48/backstores/block> create fra2 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra249Created block storage object fra2 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra2.50/backstores/block> create fra3 /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra351Created block storage object fra3 using /dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra3.52/backstores/block> ls53o- block ..................................................................................................... [Storage Objects: 12]54 o- data1 .............................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_data1 (15.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]55 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]56 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]57 o- data2 .............................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_data2 (15.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]58 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]59 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]60 o- data3 .............................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_data3 (15.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]61 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]62 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]63 o- fra1 ................................................................ [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra1 (10.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]64 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]65 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]66 o- fra2 ................................................................ [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra2 (10.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]67 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]68 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]69 o- fra3 ................................................................ [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra3 (10.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]70 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]71 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]72 o- mgmt1 .............................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt1 (10.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]73 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]74 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]75 o- mgmt2 .............................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt2 (10.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]76 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]77 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]78 o- mgmt3 .............................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt3 (10.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]79 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]80 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]81 o- ocr1 ................................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr1 (1.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]82 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]83 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]84 o- ocr2 ................................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr2 (1.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]85 | o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]86 | o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]87 o- ocr3 ................................................................. [/dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr3 (1.0GiB) write-thru deactivated]88 o- alua ....................................................................................................... [ALUA Groups: 1]89 o- default_tg_pt_gp ........................................................................... [ALUA state: Active/optimized]
3.1.4、使用targetcli创建iqn和LUN
cd到/iscsi目录下，创建iqn；cd到/iscsi/iqn.20...0be/tpg1/luns
下创建LUN，参考命令如下：
1cd /iscsi 2create iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks 3cd /iscsi/iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks/tpg1/luns 4create /backstores/block/ocr1 5create /backstores/block/ocr2 6create /backstores/block/ocr3 7create /backstores/block/mgmt1 8create /backstores/block/mgmt2 9create /backstores/block/mgmt310create /backstores/block/data111create /backstores/block/data212create /backstores/block/data313create /backstores/block/fra114create /backstores/block/fra215create /backstores/block/fra3
执行过程：
1/> cd /iscsi 2/iscsi> create iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks 3Created target iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks. 4Created TPG 1. 5Global pref auto_add_default_portal=true 6Created default portal listening on all IPs (0.0.0.0), port 3260. 7/iscsi> ls 8o- iscsi .............................................................................................................. [Targets: 1] 9 o- iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks .......................................................................... [TPGs: 1]10 o- tpg1 ................................................................................................. [no-gen-acls, no-auth]11 o- acls ............................................................................................................ [ACLs: 0]12 o- luns ............................................................................................................ [LUNs: 0]13 o- portals ...................................................................................................... [Portals: 1]14 o- 0.0.0.0:3260 ....................................................................................................... [OK]15/iscsi> cd /iscsi/iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks/tpg1/luns16/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/ocr117Created LUN 0.18/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/ocr219Created LUN 1.20/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/ocr321Created LUN 2.22/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/mgmt123Created LUN 3.24/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/mgmt225Created LUN 4.26/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/mgmt327Created LUN 5.28create /backstores/block/data129/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/data130Created LUN 6.31/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/data232Created LUN 7.33/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/data334Created LUN 8.35create /backstores/block/fra136/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/fra137Created LUN 9.38/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/fra239Created LUN 10.40/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/block/fra341Created LUN 11.42/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> ls43o- luns ................................................................................................................. [LUNs: 12]44 o- lun0 ................................................................. [block/ocr1 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr1) (default_tg_pt_gp)]45 o- lun1 ................................................................. [block/ocr2 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr2) (default_tg_pt_gp)]46 o- lun2 ................................................................. [block/ocr3 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_ocr3) (default_tg_pt_gp)]47 o- lun3 ............................................................... [block/mgmt1 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt1) (default_tg_pt_gp)]48 o- lun4 ............................................................... [block/mgmt2 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt2) (default_tg_pt_gp)]49 o- lun5 ............................................................... [block/mgmt3 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_mgmt3) (default_tg_pt_gp)]50 o- lun6 ............................................................... [block/data1 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_data1) (default_tg_pt_gp)]51 o- lun7 ............................................................... [block/data2 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_data2) (default_tg_pt_gp)]52 o- lun8 ............................................................... [block/data3 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_data3) (default_tg_pt_gp)]53 o- lun9 ................................................................. [block/fra1 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra1) (default_tg_pt_gp)]54 o- lun10 ................................................................ [block/fra2 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra2) (default_tg_pt_gp)]55 o- lun11 ................................................................ [block/fra3 (/dev/vg_oracle/lv_fra3) (default_tg_pt_gp)]
3.1.5、使用targetcli创建acls
设置哪些设备可以连接到此iqn上：
cd到acls目录下，创建2个client的acls，参考命令如下：
1cd /iscsi/iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks/tpg1/acls2create iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client623create iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client63
执行：
1/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/luns> cd /iscsi/iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks/tpg1/acls 2/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/acls> ls 3o- acls .................................................................................................................. [ACLs: 0] 4/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/acls> create iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client62 5Created Node ACL for iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client62 6Created mapped LUN 0. 7Created mapped LUN 1. 8Created mapped LUN 2. 9Created mapped LUN 3.10Created mapped LUN 4.11Created mapped LUN 5.12Created mapped LUN 6.13Created mapped LUN 7.14Created mapped LUN 8.15Created mapped LUN 9.16Created mapped LUN 10.17Created mapped LUN 11.18/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/acls> create iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client6319Created Node ACL for iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client6320Created mapped LUN 0.21Created mapped LUN 1.22Created mapped LUN 2.23Created mapped LUN 3.24Created mapped LUN 4.25Created mapped LUN 5.26Created mapped LUN 6.27Created mapped LUN 7.28Created mapped LUN 8.29Created mapped LUN 9.30Created mapped LUN 10.31Created mapped LUN 11.32/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/acls> ls33o- acls .................................................................................................................. [ACLs: 2]34 o- iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client62 ......................................................... [Mapped LUNs: 12]35 | o- mapped_lun0 .......................................................................................... [lun0 block/ocr1 (rw)]36 | o- mapped_lun1 .......................................................................................... [lun1 block/ocr2 (rw)]37 | o- mapped_lun2 .......................................................................................... [lun2 block/ocr3 (rw)]38 | o- mapped_lun3 ......................................................................................... [lun3 block/mgmt1 (rw)]39 | o- mapped_lun4 ......................................................................................... [lun4 block/mgmt2 (rw)]40 | o- mapped_lun5 ......................................................................................... [lun5 block/mgmt3 (rw)]41 | o- mapped_lun6 ......................................................................................... [lun6 block/data1 (rw)]42 | o- mapped_lun7 ......................................................................................... [lun7 block/data2 (rw)]43 | o- mapped_lun8 ......................................................................................... [lun8 block/data3 (rw)]44 | o- mapped_lun9 .......................................................................................... [lun9 block/fra1 (rw)]45 | o- mapped_lun10 ........................................................................................ [lun10 block/fra2 (rw)]46 | o- mapped_lun11 ........................................................................................ [lun11 block/fra3 (rw)]47 o- iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client63 ......................................................... [Mapped LUNs: 12]48 o- mapped_lun0 .......................................................................................... [lun0 block/ocr1 (rw)]49 o- mapped_lun1 .......................................................................................... [lun1 block/ocr2 (rw)]50 o- mapped_lun2 .......................................................................................... [lun2 block/ocr3 (rw)]51 o- mapped_lun3 ......................................................................................... [lun3 block/mgmt1 (rw)]52 o- mapped_lun4 ......................................................................................... [lun4 block/mgmt2 (rw)]53 o- mapped_lun5 ......................................................................................... [lun5 block/mgmt3 (rw)]54 o- mapped_lun6 ......................................................................................... [lun6 block/data1 (rw)]55 o- mapped_lun7 ......................................................................................... [lun7 block/data2 (rw)]56 o- mapped_lun8 ......................................................................................... [lun8 block/data3 (rw)]57 o- mapped_lun9 .......................................................................................... [lun9 block/fra1 (rw)]58 o- mapped_lun10 ........................................................................................ [lun10 block/fra2 (rw)]59 o- mapped_lun11 ........................................................................................ [lun11 block/fra3 (rw)]
3.1.6、配置target监听IP和端口
cd到portals目录下创建portals：
1cd /iscsi/iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks/tpg1/portals2delete 0.0.0.0 32603create 192.168.59.63
执行过程：
1/iscsi/iqn.20...sks/tpg1/acls> cd /iscsi/iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks/tpg1/portals 2/iscsi/iqn.20.../tpg1/portals> ls 3o- portals ............................................................................................................ [Portals: 1] 4 o- 0.0.0.0:3260 ............................................................................................................. [OK] 5/iscsi/iqn.20.../tpg1/portals> delete 0.0.0.0 3260 6Deleted network portal 0.0.0.0:3260 7/iscsi/iqn.20.../tpg1/portals> create 192.168.59.63 8Using default IP port 3260 9Created network portal 192.168.59.63:3260.10/iscsi/iqn.20.../tpg1/portals> ls11o- portals ............................................................................................................ [Portals: 2]12 o- 192.168.59.63:3260 ....................................................................................................... [OK]13/iscsi/iqn.20.../tpg1/portals>
3.1.7、保存配置
1cd /2saveconfig
说明：可以查看/etc/target/saveconfig.json配置文件，该配置文件保存着ISCSI的配置。
1/iscsi/iqn.20.../tpg1/portals> cd /2/> saveconfig3Configuration saved to /etc/target/saveconfig.json4/>
3.2、客户端配置
客户端即节点1和节点2都需要配置。
3.2.1、安装服务并启动
1yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils 2 3-- 注意节点2的不同，应该为“client63” 4echo "InitiatorName=iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks:client62" > /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi 5 6systemctl enable iscsid 7systemctl start iscsid 8systemctl status iscsid 91011-- 修改文件/usr/lib/systemd/system/iscsi.service，在“[Service]”下添加如下内容：12TimeoutStartSec=5sec13TimeoutStopSec=5sec141516systemctl daemon-reload
3.2.2、使用iscsiadm发现可用存储设备并登陆连接
1-- 找到可用存储设备：2iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.59.633-- 登陆连接：4iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks -p 192.168.59.63 --login56-- 若是重新配置，则删除以下内容，并重启OS才能生效7rm -rf /var/lib/iscsi/nodes/*8rm -rf /var/lib/iscsi/send_targets/*9
执行过程：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.59.632192.168.59.63:3260,1 iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks3[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks -p 192.168.59.63 --login4Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks, portal: 192.168.59.63,3260] (multiple)5Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2021-08.xmmup.com:rac-21c-shared-disks, portal: 192.168.59.63,3260] successful.
此时使用fdisk -l | grep dev
查看已经正常显示所有设备：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# fdisk -l | grep dev 2.... 3Disk /dev/sdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors 4Disk /dev/sde: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors 5Disk /dev/sdf: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors 6Disk /dev/sdg: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors 7Disk /dev/sdh: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors 8Disk /dev/sdi: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors 9Disk /dev/sdj: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors10Disk /dev/sdk: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors11Disk /dev/sdl: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors12Disk /dev/sdm: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors13Disk /dev/sdn: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors14Disk /dev/sdo: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
3.2.3、创建并配置udev rules文件
直接运行如下的脚本：
1-- 创建ASM磁盘udev配置文件 2for i in d e f g h i j k l m n o; do 3echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\",ENV{DEVTYPE}==\"disk\",SUBSYSTEM==\"block\",PROGRAM==\"/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d \$devnode\",RESULT==\"`/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sd$i`\", RUN+=\"/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-disk$i b \$major \$minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-disk$i; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-disk$i'\"" >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 4done 5 6-- 重启服务： 7/sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change 8/sbin/udevadm control --reload 910-- 查看磁盘11ll /dev/asm*
执行过程：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# for i in d e f g h i j k l m n o; do 2> echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\",ENV{DEVTYPE}==\"disk\",SUBSYSTEM==\"block\",PROGRAM==\"/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d \$devnode\",RESULT==\"`/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sd$i`\", RUN+=\"/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-disk$i b \$major \$minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-disk$i; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-disk$i'\"" >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 3> done 4[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 5KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="360014054269a99f369e49f3b96c36a1f", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskd b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskd; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskd'" 6KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="360014050e1a3ca0338b4ec98c3fd3549", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diske b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diske; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diske'" 7KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="360014059475c72da0e44253b4377a355", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskf b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskf; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskf'" 8KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="36001405cf669852f98240dd9596e1808", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskg b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskg; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskg'" 9KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="36001405120d8ce03eb94720ac9ffa91a", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskh b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskh; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskh'"10KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="36001405095565b2b64b4085bf3b13184", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diski b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diski; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diski'"11KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="36001405647c901386824b27aceedf72f", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskj b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskj; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskj'"12KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="36001405030340160f0b4393becae3f60", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskk b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskk; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskk'"13KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="36001405ef600c31b0034c41ac16391ea", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskl b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskl; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskl'"14KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="36001405f671bb9a383e4808ad158b573", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskm b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskm; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskm'"15KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="360014053294b9b4056841baa79a34d67", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-diskn b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-diskn; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-diskn'"16KERNEL=="sd*",ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",RESULT=="36001405b219421f2408475f8b8183eb1", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asm-disko b $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asm-disko; chmod 0660 /dev/asm-disko'"17[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# ll /dev/asm*18ls: cannot access /dev/asm*: No such file or directory19[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# /sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change20[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# /sbin/udevadm control --reload21[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# ll /dev/asm*22ls: cannot access /dev/asm*: No such file or directory23[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# ll /dev/asm*24brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskd25brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 64 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diske26brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 80 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskf27brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 96 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskg28brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 112 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskh29brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 128 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diski30brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 144 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskj31brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 160 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskk32brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 176 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskl33brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 192 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskm34brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 208 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-diskn35brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 224 Aug 19 15:19 /dev/asm-disko3637[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# lsscsi 38[0:0:0:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sda 39[0:0:1:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdb 40[0:0:2:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdc 41[3:0:0:0] disk LIO-ORG ocr1 4.0 /dev/asm-diskd42[3:0:0:1] disk LIO-ORG ocr2 4.0 /dev/asm-diske43[3:0:0:2] disk LIO-ORG ocr3 4.0 /dev/asm-diskf44[3:0:0:3] disk LIO-ORG mgmt1 4.0 /dev/asm-diskg45[3:0:0:4] disk LIO-ORG mgmt2 4.0 /dev/asm-diskh46[3:0:0:5] disk LIO-ORG mgmt3 4.0 /dev/asm-diski47[3:0:0:6] disk LIO-ORG data1 4.0 /dev/asm-diskj48[3:0:0:7] disk LIO-ORG data2 4.0 /dev/asm-diskk49[3:0:0:8] disk LIO-ORG data3 4.0 /dev/asm-diskl50[3:0:0:9] disk LIO-ORG fra1 4.0 /dev/asm-diskm51[3:0:0:10] disk LIO-ORG fra2 4.0 /dev/asm-diskn52[3:0:0:11] disk LIO-ORG fra3 4.0 /dev/asm-disko
四、数据库软件包准备
4.1、上传安装软件
打开SecureFX软件：
复制粘贴数据库文件到/soft目录下并等待上传完成。
注意，对安装包需要进行MD5值校验：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# cd /soft2[root@raclhr-21c-n1 soft]# ll3total 54018124-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3109225519 Aug 16 09:58 LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip5-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2422217613 Aug 16 09:57 LINUX.X64_213000_grid_home.zip6[root@raclhr-21c-n1 soft]# md5sum LINUX.X64_213000_grid_home.zip 7b3fbdb7621ad82cbd4f40943effdd1be LINUX.X64_213000_grid_home.zip8[root@raclhr-21c-n1 soft]# md5sum LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip 98ac915a800800ddf16a382506d3953db LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip
4.2、解压软件
grid用户：
1unzip LINUX.X64_213000_grid_home.zip -d /u01/app/21.3.0/grid
oracle用户：
1unzip LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1
只在节点1上进行解压即可。
👉 注意：
1、不要同时进行解压2个文件，否则可能有未预料到的错误
2、需要搜索一下解压是否有报错的地方，搜索关键词“error”
注意：18c解压后的文件所在目录就是grid home。所以解压的时候，就要把文件解压到之前定的GRID_HOME下。在12c R2之前是安装的时候，软件会自动复制过去。
Starting with Oracle Database 18c, the Oracle Database software is available as an image file for download and installation. Extract the image software into the directory where you want your Oracle home to be located, and then run the runInstaller script to start the Oracle Database installation.
Starting with Oracle Database 18c, installation and configuration of Oracle Database software is simplified with Image-Based installation.
五、安装前预检查
5.1、安装补丁包(cvuqdisk)
在安装RAC之前，经常会需要运行集群验证工具CVU（Cluster Verification Utility），该工具执行系统检查，确认当前的配置是否满足要求。
首先判断是否安装了cvuqdisk包：
1rpm -qa cvuqdisk
如果没有安装，那么在2个节点上都执行如下命令进行安装该包：
1export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall2cd /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/cv/rpm3rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
传输到第2个节点上进行安装：
1scp cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm root@raclhr-21c-n2:/soft23-- 节点2安装cvuqdisk包4export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall5rpm -ivh /soft/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
5.2、配SSH互信，建立ssh等效性
sshUserSetup.sh在GI安装介质解压缩后的sshsetup目录下。下面两条命令在节点1上执行即可，在root用户下执行：
1/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/oui/prov/resources/scripts/sshUserSetup.sh -user grid -hosts "raclhr-21c-n1 raclhr-21c-n2" -advanced exverify -confirm2/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/oui/prov/resources/scripts/sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "raclhr-21c-n1 raclhr-21c-n2" -advanced exverify -confirm
输入yes及密码一路回车即可。
以oracle和grid用户在2个节点上都测试两节点连通性：
1ssh raclhr-21c-n1 date2ssh raclhr-21c-n2 date3ssh raclhr-21c-n1-priv date4ssh raclhr-21c-n2-priv date
第二次执行时不再提示输入口令，并且可以成功执行命令，则表示SSH对等性配置成功。
5.3、cluster硬件检测--安装前预检查配置信息
Use Cluster Verification Utility (cvu)
Before installing Oracle Clusterware, use CVU to ensure that your cluster is prepared for an installation:
Oracle provides CVU to perform system checks in preparation for an installation, patch updates, or other system changes. In addition, CVU can generate fixup scripts that can change many kernel parameters to at lease the minimum settings required for a successful installation.
Using CVU can help system administrators, storage administrators, and DBA to ensure that everyone has completed the system configuration and preinstallation steps.
./runcluvfy.sh -help
./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac1,rac2 –fixup -verbose
Install the operating system package cvuqdisk to both Oracle RAC nodes. Without cvuqdisk, Cluster Verification Utility cannot discover shared disks, and you will receive the error message "Package cvuqdisk not installed" when the Cluster Verification Utility is run (either manually or at the end of the Oracle grid infrastructure installation). Use the cvuqdisk RPM for your hardware architecture (for example, x86_64 or i386). The cvuqdisk RPM can be found on the Oracle grid infrastructure installation media in the rpm directory. For the purpose of this article, the Oracle grid infrastructure media was extracted to the home/grid/software/oracle/grid directory on racnode1 as the grid user.
在安装GRID之前，建议先利用CVU(Cluster Verification Utility)检查CRS的安装前环境。以grid用户运行：
1su - grid2export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall3export CV_NODE_ALL=raclhr-21c-n1,raclhr-21c-n24/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -allnodes -fixup -verbose -method root
grid安装完成后还可以进行如下校验：
1$ORACLE_HOME/bin/cluvfy stage -pre crsinst -n all -verbose -fixup
未检测通过的显示为failed，有的failed可以根据提供的脚本进行修复。有的需要根据情况进行修复，有的failed也可以忽略。
报错一：
1/dev/shm mounted as temporary file system ...FAILED2raclhr-21c-n2: PRVE-0421 : No entry exists in /etc/fstab for mounting /dev/shm3raclhr-21c-n1: PRVE-0421 : No entry exists in /etc/fstab for mounting /dev/shm
参考：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2214381
CentOS7和RHEL7在 etc/fstab中不包含/dev/shm ，可以手动加进去，或者忽略都可以。
报错二：
1Systemd login manager IPC parameter ...FAILED 2raclhr-21c-n2: PRVE-10233 : Systemd login manager parameter 'RemoveIPC' entry 3 does not exist or is commented out in the configuration file 4 "/etc/systemd/logind.conf" on node "raclhr-21c-n2". 5 [Expected="no"] 6 7raclhr-21c-n1: PRVE-10233 : Systemd login manager parameter 'RemoveIPC' entry 8 does not exist or is commented out in the configuration file 9 "/etc/systemd/logind.conf" on node "raclhr-21c-n1".10 [Expected="no"]
参考：http://blog.itpub.net/29371470/viewspace-2125673/
解决：
1echo "RemoveIPC=no" >> /etc/systemd/logind.conf2systemctl daemon-reload3systemctl restart systemd-logind
报错三：
1Network Time Protocol (NTP) ...FAILED2raclhr-21c-n2: PRVG-1017 : NTP configuration file "/etc/ntp.conf" is present on3 nodes "raclhr-21c-n2,raclhr-21c-n1" on which NTP daemon or4 service was not running56raclhr-21c-n1: PRVG-1017 : NTP configuration file "/etc/ntp.conf" is present on7 nodes "raclhr-21c-n2,raclhr-21c-n1" on which NTP daemon or8 service was not running
我们使用ctssd来同步集群的时间，所以ntp必须关闭。
六、图形界面安装集群和db
安装之前重启一次OS，并检查网络和共享盘是否正确。
首先，打开Xmanager - Passive
，如下：
6.1、安装grid
注意：以grid用户登录，然后运行下面这个脚本，和之前版本的grid安装有所不同：
1[grid@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.59.1:0.02[grid@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/gridSetup.sh3Launching Oracle Grid Infrastructure Setup Wizard...
点击add
添加节点2后，点击next
默认选中了不安装GIMR，我们也暂时不安装MIMR库：
修改磁盘路径为“/dev/asm*
”就可以找到ASM磁盘了。
忽悠所有错误继续安装
分别在节点1和节点2上执行：
1/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh2/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/root.sh
节点1运行：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 2Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory. 3Adding read,write permissions for group. 4Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. 5 6Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall. 7The execution of the script is complete. 8[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/root.sh 9Performing root user operation.1011The following environment variables are set as:12 ORACLE_OWNER= grid13 ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/21.3.0/grid1415Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 16 Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...17 Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...18 Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...192021Creating /etc/oratab file...22Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by23Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created24Finished running generic part of root script.25Now product-specific root actions will be performed.26Relinking oracle with rac_on option27Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params282021-08-20 08:38:46: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n1/crsconfig: 0775292021-08-20 08:38:46: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata: 0775302021-08-20 08:38:46: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n1: 077531The log of current session can be found at:32 /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n1/crsconfig/rootcrs_raclhr-21c-n1_2021-08-20_08-38-46AM.log332021/08/20 08:38:56 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 1 of 19: 'SetupTFA'.342021/08/20 08:38:56 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 2 of 19: 'ValidateEnv'.352021/08/20 08:38:56 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 3 of 19: 'CheckFirstNode'.362021/08/20 08:38:58 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 4 of 19: 'GenSiteGUIDs'.372021/08/20 08:39:00 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 5 of 19: 'SetupOSD'.38Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart rsyslog.service392021/08/20 08:39:00 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 6 of 19: 'CheckCRSConfig'.402021/08/20 08:39:00 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 7 of 19: 'SetupLocalGPNP'.412021/08/20 08:39:13 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 8 of 19: 'CreateRootCert'.422021/08/20 08:39:17 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 9 of 19: 'ConfigOLR'.432021/08/20 08:39:35 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 10 of 19: 'ConfigCHMOS'.442021/08/20 08:39:35 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 11 of 19: 'CreateOHASD'.452021/08/20 08:39:40 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 12 of 19: 'ConfigOHASD'.462021/08/20 08:39:41 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service'472021/08/20 08:39:58 CLSRSC-4002: Successfully installed Oracle Autonomous Health Framework (AHF).482021/08/20 08:40:14 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 13 of 19: 'InstallAFD'.492021/08/20 08:40:14 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 14 of 19: 'InstallACFS'.502021/08/20 08:40:19 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 15 of 19: 'InstallKA'.512021/08/20 08:40:24 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 16 of 19: 'InitConfig'.522021/08/20 08:41:52 CLSRSC-482: Running command: '/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/bin/ocrconfig -upgrade grid oinstall'53CRS-4256: Updating the profile54Successful addition of voting disk e4f4713a678d4f04bf0cce6c0c14692d.55Successful addition of voting disk 7f85f487c7e34f42bff66f6c7cfc6032.56Successful addition of voting disk 408b301b47c84f97bfc109558258b289.57Successfully replaced voting disk group with +OCR.58CRS-4256: Updating the profile59CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced60## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group61-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------62 1. ONLINE e4f4713a678d4f04bf0cce6c0c14692d (/dev/asm-diskd) [OCR]63 2. ONLINE 7f85f487c7e34f42bff66f6c7cfc6032 (/dev/asm-diske) [OCR]64 3. ONLINE 408b301b47c84f97bfc109558258b289 (/dev/asm-diskf) [OCR]65Located 3 voting disk(s).662021/08/20 08:43:30 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 17 of 19: 'StartCluster'.672021/08/20 08:44:43 CLSRSC-343: Successfully started Oracle Clusterware stack682021/08/20 08:44:43 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 18 of 19: 'ConfigNode'.692021/08/20 08:47:14 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 19 of 19: 'PostConfig'.702021/08/20 08:47:36 CLSRSC-325: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded
最后输出Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded
表示成功，跑完后，检查一下：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t 2-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3Name Target State Server State details 4-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5Local Resources 6-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7ora.LISTENER.lsnr 8 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 9ora.chad10 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE11ora.net1.network12 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE13ora.ons14 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE15--------------------------------------------------------------------------------16Cluster Resources17--------------------------------------------------------------------------------18ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr(ora.asmgroup)19 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE20 2 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE21ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr22 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE23ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr24 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE25ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr26 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE27ora.OCR.dg(ora.asmgroup)28 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE29 2 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE30ora.asm(ora.asmgroup)31 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE32 2 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE33ora.asmnet1.asmnetwork(ora.asmgroup)34 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE35 2 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE36ora.cdp1.cdp37 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE38ora.cdp2.cdp39 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE40ora.cdp3.cdp41 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE42ora.cvu43 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE44ora.qosmserver45 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE46ora.raclhr-21c-n1.vip47 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE48ora.scan1.vip49 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE50ora.scan2.vip51 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE52ora.scan3.vip53 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE54--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
节点2：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n2 ~]# /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/root.sh 2Performing root user operation. 3 4The following environment variables are set as: 5 ORACLE_OWNER= grid 6 ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/21.3.0/grid 7 8Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 9The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.10The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.11The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.1213Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by14Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created15Finished running generic part of root script.16Now product-specific root actions will be performed.17Relinking oracle with rac_on option18Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params19The log of current session can be found at:20 /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n2/crsconfig/rootcrs_raclhr-21c-n2_2021-08-20_08-51-42AM.log212021/08/20 08:51:48 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 1 of 19: 'SetupTFA'.222021/08/20 08:51:48 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 2 of 19: 'ValidateEnv'.232021/08/20 08:51:48 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 3 of 19: 'CheckFirstNode'.242021/08/20 08:51:50 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 4 of 19: 'GenSiteGUIDs'.252021/08/20 08:51:50 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 5 of 19: 'SetupOSD'.262021/08/20 08:51:50 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 6 of 19: 'CheckCRSConfig'.272021/08/20 08:51:51 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 7 of 19: 'SetupLocalGPNP'.282021/08/20 08:51:52 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 8 of 19: 'CreateRootCert'.292021/08/20 08:51:52 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 9 of 19: 'ConfigOLR'.302021/08/20 08:51:52 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 10 of 19: 'ConfigCHMOS'.312021/08/20 08:52:23 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 11 of 19: 'CreateOHASD'.322021/08/20 08:52:24 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 12 of 19: 'ConfigOHASD'.332021/08/20 08:52:25 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service'342021/08/20 08:52:55 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 13 of 19: 'InstallAFD'.352021/08/20 08:52:55 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 14 of 19: 'InstallACFS'.362021/08/20 08:52:57 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 15 of 19: 'InstallKA'.372021/08/20 08:52:58 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 16 of 19: 'InitConfig'.382021/08/20 08:53:04 CLSRSC-4002: Successfully installed Oracle Autonomous Health Framework (AHF).392021/08/20 08:53:08 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 17 of 19: 'StartCluster'.402021/08/20 08:54:09 CLSRSC-343: Successfully started Oracle Clusterware stack412021/08/20 08:54:09 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 18 of 19: 'ConfigNode'.422021/08/20 08:54:28 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 19 of 19: 'PostConfig'.432021/08/20 08:54:38 CLSRSC-325: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded
最后输出Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded
表示成功，查看：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t 2-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3Name Target State Server State details 4-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5Local Resources 6-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7ora.LISTENER.lsnr 8 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 9 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE10ora.chad11 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE12 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE13ora.net1.network14 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE15 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE16ora.ons17 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE18 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE19--------------------------------------------------------------------------------20Cluster Resources21--------------------------------------------------------------------------------22ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr(ora.asmgroup)23 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE24 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE25ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr26 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE27ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr28 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE29ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr30 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE31ora.OCR.dg(ora.asmgroup)32 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE33 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE34ora.asm(ora.asmgroup)35 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE36 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 Started,STABLE37ora.asmnet1.asmnetwork(ora.asmgroup)38 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE39 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE40ora.cdp1.cdp41 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE42ora.cdp2.cdp43 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE44ora.cdp3.cdp45 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE46ora.cvu47 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE48ora.qosmserver49 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE50ora.raclhr-21c-n1.vip51 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE52ora.raclhr-21c-n2.vip53 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE54ora.scan1.vip55 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE56ora.scan2.vip57 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE58ora.scan3.vip59 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE60--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
此时回到界面点击OK，继续运行：
最后集群校验报错，看了一下是dns和ntp的问题，可以忽略，继续安装：
6.2、安装db
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# su - oracle2Last login: Thu Aug 19 15:26:38 CST 2021 on pts/03[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME4[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 dbhome_1]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.59.1:0.05[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 dbhome_1]$ ./runInstaller
节点1和节点2分别执行：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh 2Performing root user operation. 3 4The following environment variables are set as: 5 ORACLE_OWNER= oracle 6 ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1 7 8Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 9The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.10The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.11The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.1213Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by14Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created15Finished running generic part of root script.16Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
执行完后，点击OK：
6.3、创建磁盘组
以 grid 用户执行 asmca 命令，创建DATA和FRA两个磁盘组。：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# su - grid2Last login: Fri Aug 20 09:59:53 CST 20213[grid@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.59.1:0.04[grid@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ asmca
查看：
1[grid@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/kfod disks=all st=true ds=true 2-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Disk Size Header Path Disk Group User Group 4================================================================================ 5 1: 1024 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskd OCR grid asmadmin 6 2: 1024 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diske OCR grid asmadmin 7 3: 1024 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskf OCR grid asmadmin 8 4: 10240 MB CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diskg # grid asmadmin 9 5: 10240 MB CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diskh # grid asmadmin10 6: 10240 MB CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diski # grid asmadmin11 7: 15360 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskj DATA grid asmadmin12 8: 15360 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskk DATA grid asmadmin13 9: 15360 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskl DATA grid asmadmin14 10: 10240 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskm FRA grid asmadmin15 11: 10240 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskn FRA grid asmadmin16 12: 10240 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-disko FRA grid asmadmin17--------------------------------------------------------------------------------18ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME 19================================================================================
6.4、创建数据库
1[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.59.1:0.02[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ dbca
七、静默安装集群和db
安装之前重启一次OS，并检查网络和共享盘是否正确。
7.1、静默安装grid
1/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/gridSetup.sh -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq \ 2oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v21.0.0 \ 3INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \ 4oracle.install.option=CRS_CONFIG \ 5ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid \ 6oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba \ 7oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper \ 8oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin \ 9oracle.install.crs.config.scanType=LOCAL_SCAN \10oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=raclhr-21c-scan \11oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=1521 \12oracle.install.crs.config.ClusterConfiguration=STANDALONE \13oracle.install.crs.config.configureAsExtendedCluster=false \14oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=raclhr-cluster \15oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false \16oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=false \17oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=raclhr-21c-n1:raclhr-21c-n1-vip,raclhr-21c-n2:raclhr-21c-n2-vip \18oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList=ens34:192.168.2.0:5,ens33:192.168.59.0:1 \19oracle.install.asm.configureGIMRDataDG=false \20oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false \21oracle.install.asm.storageOption=ASM \22oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=lhr \23oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=OCR \24oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=NORMAL \25oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=4 \26oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/asm-diskd,/dev/asm-diske,/dev/asm-diskf \27oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/asm-* \28oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=lhr \29oracle.install.asm.configureAFD=false \30oracle.install.crs.configureRHPS=false \31oracle.install.crs.config.ignoreDownNodes=false \32oracle.install.config.managementOption=NONE \33oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
执行过程：
1[grid@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/gridSetup.sh -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq \ 2> oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v21.0.0 \ 3> INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \ 4> oracle.install.option=CRS_CONFIG \ 5> ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid \ 6> oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba \ 7> oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper \ 8> oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin \ 9> oracle.install.crs.config.scanType=LOCAL_SCAN \10> oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=raclhr-21c-scan \11> oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=1521 \12> oracle.install.crs.config.ClusterConfiguration=STANDALONE \13> oracle.install.crs.config.configureAsExtendedCluster=false \14> oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=raclhr-cluster \15> oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false \16> oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=false \17> oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=raclhr-21c-n1:raclhr-21c-n1-vip,raclhr-21c-n2:raclhr-21c-n2-vip \18> oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList=ens34:192.168.2.0:5,ens33:192.168.59.0:1 \19> oracle.install.asm.configureGIMRDataDG=false \20> oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false \21> oracle.install.asm.storageOption=ASM \22> oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=lhr \23> oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=OCR \24> oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=NORMAL \25> oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=4 \26> oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/asm-diskd,/dev/asm-diske,/dev/asm-diskf \27> oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/asm-* \28> oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=lhr \29> oracle.install.asm.configureAFD=false \30> oracle.install.crs.configureRHPS=false \31> oracle.install.crs.config.ignoreDownNodes=false \32> oracle.install.config.managementOption=NONE \33> oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false34Launching Oracle Grid Infrastructure Setup Wizard...3536[WARNING] [INS-30011] The SYS password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.37 CAUSE: Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].38 ACTION: Provide a password that conforms to the Oracle recommended standards.39[WARNING] [INS-30011] The ASMSNMP password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.40 CAUSE: Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].41 ACTION: Provide a password that conforms to the Oracle recommended standards.42[WARNING] [INS-13013] Target environment does not meet some mandatory requirements.43 CAUSE: Some of the mandatory prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/GridSetupActions2021-08-20_04-58-51PM/gridSetupActions2021-08-20_04-58-51PM.log44 ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/GridSetupActions2021-08-20_04-58-51PM/gridSetupActions2021-08-20_04-58-51PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.45The response file for this session can be found at:46 /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/install/response/grid_2021-08-20_04-58-51PM.rsp4748You can find the log of this install session at:49 /tmp/GridSetupActions2021-08-20_04-58-51PM/gridSetupActions2021-08-20_04-58-51PM.log5051As a root user, execute the following script(s):52 1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh53 2. /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/root.sh5455Execute /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh on the following nodes: 56[raclhr-21c-n1, raclhr-21c-n2]57Execute /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/root.sh on the following nodes: 58[raclhr-21c-n1, raclhr-21c-n2]5960Run the script on the node raclhr-21c-n1 first. After successful completion, you can start the script in parallel on all other nodes.6162Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).63As install user, execute the following command to complete the configuration.64 /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/gridSetup.sh -executeConfigTools -responseFile /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/install/response/grid_2021-08-20_04-58-51PM.rsp [-silent]65Note: The required passwords need to be included in the response file.666768Moved the install session logs to:69 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/GridSetupActions2021-08-20_04-58-51PM
在安装grid软件和db软件的过程中，有一个过程是将节点1上的软件拷贝到节点2上，这个过程是利用的集群的公网进行传递软件的，可以使用ifconfig命令看到。
1[root@raclhr-21c-n2 ~]# ifconfig 2ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 3 inet 192.168.59.63 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.59.255 4 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb5:cf4b prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> 5 ether 00:0c:29:b5:cf:4b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) 6 RX packets 4285065 bytes 6368668989 (5.9 GiB) 7 RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 8 TX packets 161678 bytes 27715188 (26.4 MiB) 9 TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 01011ens34: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 150012 inet 192.168.2.63 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.25513 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb5:cf55 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>14 ether 00:0c:29:b5:cf:55 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)15 RX packets 478 bytes 426304 (416.3 KiB)16 RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 017 TX packets 441 bytes 421344 (411.4 KiB)18 TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
7.1.1、root.sh脚本
以root用户分别在2个节点上运行：
11. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh22. /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/root.sh
1、节点1执行过程：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n1 u01]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 2Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory. 3Adding read,write permissions for group. 4Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. 5 6Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall. 7The execution of the script is complete. 8[root@raclhr-21c-n1 u01]# /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/root.sh 9Check /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/install/root_raclhr-21c-n1_2021-08-20_17-06-17-435524095.log for the output of root script 10[root@raclhr-21c-n1 u01]# more /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/install/root_raclhr-21c-n1_2021-08-20_17-06-17-435524095.log 11Performing root user operation. 12 13The following environment variables are set as: 14 ORACLE_OWNER= grid 15 ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/21.3.0/grid 16 Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... 17 Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... 18 Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ... 19 20 21Creating /etc/oratab file... 22Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by 23Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created 24Finished running generic part of root script. 25Now product-specific root actions will be performed. 26Relinking oracle with rac_on option 27Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params 282021-08-20 17:06:38: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n1/crsconfig: 0775 292021-08-20 17:06:38: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata: 0775 302021-08-20 17:06:38: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n1: 0775 31The log of current session can be found at: 32 /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n1/crsconfig/rootcrs_raclhr-21c-n1_2021-08-20_05-06-38PM.log 332021/08/20 17:06:46 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 1 of 19: 'SetupTFA'. 342021/08/20 17:06:46 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 2 of 19: 'ValidateEnv'. 352021/08/20 17:06:46 CLSRSC-363: User ignored prerequisites during installation 362021/08/20 17:06:47 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 3 of 19: 'CheckFirstNode'. 372021/08/20 17:06:49 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 4 of 19: 'GenSiteGUIDs'. 382021/08/20 17:06:50 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 5 of 19: 'SetupOSD'. 39Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart rsyslog.service 402021/08/20 17:06:50 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 6 of 19: 'CheckCRSConfig'. 412021/08/20 17:06:50 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 7 of 19: 'SetupLocalGPNP'. 422021/08/20 17:07:02 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 8 of 19: 'CreateRootCert'. 432021/08/20 17:07:07 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 9 of 19: 'ConfigOLR'. 442021/08/20 17:07:25 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 10 of 19: 'ConfigCHMOS'. 452021/08/20 17:07:25 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 11 of 19: 'CreateOHASD'. 462021/08/20 17:07:31 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 12 of 19: 'ConfigOHASD'. 472021/08/20 17:07:31 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service' 482021/08/20 17:07:49 CLSRSC-4002: Successfully installed Oracle Autonomous Health Framework (AHF). 492021/08/20 17:07:51 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 13 of 19: 'InstallAFD'. 502021/08/20 17:07:51 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 14 of 19: 'InstallACFS'. 512021/08/20 17:07:57 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 15 of 19: 'InstallKA'. 522021/08/20 17:08:02 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 16 of 19: 'InitConfig'. 532021/08/20 17:09:15 CLSRSC-482: Running command: '/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/bin/ocrconfig -upgrade grid oinstall' 54CRS-4256: Updating the profile 55Successful addition of voting disk 9e414fc873a04fa9bf804f75b1ab4aee. 56Successful addition of voting disk f93fea3f47e14f0ebff2acf3d0477b04. 57Successful addition of voting disk a9293487c98d4fb5bf07584e563c0a4f. 58Successfully replaced voting disk group with +OCR. 59CRS-4256: Updating the profile 60CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced 61## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group 62-- ----- ----------------- --------- --------- 63 1. ONLINE 9e414fc873a04fa9bf804f75b1ab4aee (/dev/asm-diskd) [OCR] 64 2. ONLINE f93fea3f47e14f0ebff2acf3d0477b04 (/dev/asm-diske) [OCR] 65 3. ONLINE a9293487c98d4fb5bf07584e563c0a4f (/dev/asm-diskf) [OCR] 66Located 3 voting disk(s). 672021/08/20 17:10:42 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 17 of 19: 'StartCluster'. 682021/08/20 17:12:02 CLSRSC-343: Successfully started Oracle Clusterware stack 692021/08/20 17:12:02 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 18 of 19: 'ConfigNode'. 702021/08/20 17:14:37 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 19 of 19: 'PostConfig'. 712021/08/20 17:15:01 CLSRSC-325: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded 72 73 74[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t 75-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 76Name Target State Server State details 77-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 78Local Resources 79-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 80ora.LISTENER.lsnr 81 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 82ora.chad 83 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 84ora.net1.network 85 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 86ora.ons 87 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 88-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 89Cluster Resources 90-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 91ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr(ora.asmgroup) 92 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 93 2 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE 94ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr 95 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 96ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr 97 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 98ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr 99 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE100ora.OCR.dg(ora.asmgroup)101 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE102 2 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE103ora.asm(ora.asmgroup)104 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 Started,STABLE105 2 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE106ora.asmnet1.asmnetwork(ora.asmgroup)107 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE108 2 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE109ora.cdp1.cdp110 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE111ora.cdp2.cdp112 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE113ora.cdp3.cdp114 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE115ora.cvu116 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE117ora.qosmserver118 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE119ora.raclhr-21c-n1.vip120 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE121ora.scan1.vip122 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE123ora.scan2.vip124 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE125ora.scan3.vip126 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE127--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最后输出Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded
表示成功。
2、节点2执行过程：
1[root@raclhr-21c-n2 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 2Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory. 3Adding read,write permissions for group. 4Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. 5 6Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall. 7The execution of the script is complete. 8[root@raclhr-21c-n2 ~]# 9[root@raclhr-21c-n2 ~]# 10[root@raclhr-21c-n2 ~]# /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/root.sh 11Check /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/install/root_raclhr-21c-n2_2021-08-20_17-15-07-463118963.log for the output of root script 12[root@raclhr-21c-n2 ~]# more /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/install/root_raclhr-21c-n2_2021-08-20_17-15-07-463118963.log 13Performing root user operation. 14 15The following environment variables are set as: 16 ORACLE_OWNER= grid 17 ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/21.3.0/grid 18 Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... 19 Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... 20 Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ... 21 22 23Creating /etc/oratab file... 24Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by 25Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created 26Finished running generic part of root script. 27Now product-specific root actions will be performed. 28Relinking oracle with rac_on option 29Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params 302021-08-20 17:15:39: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n2/crsconfig: 0775 312021-08-20 17:15:39: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata: 0775 322021-08-20 17:15:39: Got permissions of file /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n2: 0775 33The log of current session can be found at: 34 /u01/app/grid/crsdata/raclhr-21c-n2/crsconfig/rootcrs_raclhr-21c-n2_2021-08-20_05-15-39PM.log 352021/08/20 17:15:45 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 1 of 19: 'SetupTFA'. 362021/08/20 17:15:45 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 2 of 19: 'ValidateEnv'. 372021/08/20 17:15:45 CLSRSC-363: User ignored prerequisites during installation 382021/08/20 17:15:45 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 3 of 19: 'CheckFirstNode'. 392021/08/20 17:15:46 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 4 of 19: 'GenSiteGUIDs'. 402021/08/20 17:15:47 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 5 of 19: 'SetupOSD'. 41Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart rsyslog.service 422021/08/20 17:15:47 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 6 of 19: 'CheckCRSConfig'. 432021/08/20 17:15:48 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 7 of 19: 'SetupLocalGPNP'. 442021/08/20 17:15:49 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 8 of 19: 'CreateRootCert'. 452021/08/20 17:15:49 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 9 of 19: 'ConfigOLR'. 462021/08/20 17:16:05 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 10 of 19: 'ConfigCHMOS'. 472021/08/20 17:16:05 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 11 of 19: 'CreateOHASD'. 482021/08/20 17:16:07 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 12 of 19: 'ConfigOHASD'. 492021/08/20 17:16:07 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service' 502021/08/20 17:16:32 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 13 of 19: 'InstallAFD'. 512021/08/20 17:16:32 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 14 of 19: 'InstallACFS'. 522021/08/20 17:16:34 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 15 of 19: 'InstallKA'. 532021/08/20 17:16:35 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 16 of 19: 'InitConfig'. 542021/08/20 17:16:44 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 17 of 19: 'StartCluster'. 552021/08/20 17:17:07 CLSRSC-4002: Successfully installed Oracle Autonomous Health Framework (AHF). 562021/08/20 17:17:49 CLSRSC-343: Successfully started Oracle Clusterware stack 572021/08/20 17:17:49 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 18 of 19: 'ConfigNode'. 582021/08/20 17:18:08 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 19 of 19: 'PostConfig'. 592021/08/20 17:18:13 CLSRSC-325: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded 60 61[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t 62-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63Name Target State Server State details 64-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65Local Resources 66-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67ora.LISTENER.lsnr 68 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 69 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 70ora.chad 71 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 72 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 73ora.net1.network 74 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 75 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 76ora.ons 77 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 78 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 79-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 80Cluster Resources 81-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 82ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr(ora.asmgroup) 83 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 84 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 85ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr 86 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 87ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr 88 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 89ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr 90 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 91ora.OCR.dg(ora.asmgroup) 92 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 93 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 94ora.asm(ora.asmgroup) 95 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 Started,STABLE 96 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 Started,STABLE 97ora.asmnet1.asmnetwork(ora.asmgroup) 98 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 99 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE100ora.cdp1.cdp101 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE102ora.cdp2.cdp103 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE104ora.cdp3.cdp105 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE106ora.cvu107 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE108ora.qosmserver109 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE110ora.raclhr-21c-n1.vip111 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE112ora.raclhr-21c-n2.vip113 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE114ora.scan1.vip115 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE116ora.scan2.vip117 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE118ora.scan3.vip119 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE120--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最后输出Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded
表示成功。
3、然后以安装用户grid在节点1执行如下脚本：
1/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/gridSetup.sh -silent -executeConfigTools -responseFile /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/install/response/grid_2021-08-20_04-58-51PM.rsp
执行结果：
1[grid@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/gridSetup.sh -silent -executeConfigTools -responseFile /u01/app/21.3.0/grid/install/response/grid_2021-08-20_04-58-51PM.rsp 2Launching Oracle Grid Infrastructure Setup Wizard... 3 4You can find the logs of this session at: 5/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/GridSetupActions2021-08-20_05-20-02PM 6 7====》 这里至少需要按2次回车 8 9 (reconfirmation):1011 (reconfirmation):121314[WARNING] [INS-43080] Some of the configuration assistants failed, were cancelled or skipped.15 ACTION: Refer to the logs or contact Oracle Support Services.
7.2、静默安装db软件
安装之前可以使用脚本进行校验，确保所有的failed选项都可以忽略。
1su - oracle2export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall3export CV_NODE_ALL=raclhr-21c-n1,raclhr-21c-n24/u01/app/21.3.0/grid/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre dbinst -allnodes -fixup -verbose
静默安装：
1/u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq \ 2oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v21.0.0 \ 3oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \ 4UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \ 5INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \ 6ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \ 7oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \ 8oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \ 9oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper \10oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba \11oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba \12oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba \13oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba \14oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=raclhr-21c-n1,raclhr-21c-n2 \15oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
执行过程：
1[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq \ 2> oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v21.0.0 \ 3> oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \ 4> UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \ 5> INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \ 6> ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \ 7> oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \ 8> oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \ 9> oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper \10> oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba \11> oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba \12> oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba \13> oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba \14> oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=raclhr-21c-n1,raclhr-21c-n2 \15> oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false16Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard...1718[WARNING] [INS-13001] Oracle Database is not supported on this operating system. Installer will not perform prerequisite checks on the system.19 CAUSE: This operating system may not have been in the certified list at the time of the release of this software.20 ACTION: Refer to My Oracle Support portal for the latest certification information for this operating system. Proceed with the installation if the operating system has been certified after the release of this software.21The response file for this session can be found at:22 /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_2021-08-20_09-57-24PM.rsp2324You can find the log of this install session at:25 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2021-08-20_09-57-24PM/installActions2021-08-20_09-57-24PM.log2627As a root user, execute the following script(s):28 1. /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh2930Execute /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh on the following nodes: 31[raclhr-21c-n1, raclhr-21c-n2]323334Successfully Setup Software.3536[root@raclhr-21c-n1 InstallActions2021-08-20_09-47-27PM]# /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh37Check /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/install/root_raclhr-21c-n1_2021-08-20_22-03-03-392736813.log for the output of root script38[root@raclhr-21c-n1 InstallActions2021-08-20_09-47-27PM]# more /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/install/root_raclhr-21c-n1_2021-08-20_22-03-03-392736813.log39Performing root user operation.4041The following environment variables are set as:42 ORACLE_OWNER= oracle43 ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_144 Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...45 Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...46 Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...4748Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by49Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created50Finished running generic part of root script.51Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
节点1和节点2都需要以root
用户执行脚本：/u01/app/oracle/product/21.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
至此，grid集群和db软件都已经安装完成了，剩下的就是创建数据库的操作。
7.3、创建DATA和FRA磁盘组
1su - grid 2 3sqlplus / as sysasm 4 5create diskgroup DATA external redundancy disk '/dev/asm-diskj','/dev/asm-diskk','/dev/asm-diskl' 6ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '21.3', 'compatible.asm' = '21.3'; 7 8create diskgroup FRA external redundancy disk '/dev/asm-diskm','/dev/asm-diskn','/dev/asm-disko' 9ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '21.3', 'compatible.asm' = '21.3';1011srvctl start diskgroup -diskgroup data12srvctl start diskgroup -diskgroup fra13alter diskgroup all mount;141516col name format a1017set line 999918col path format a2519select GROUP_NUMBER,path,name,disk_number,total_mb,free_mb,CREATE_DATE,MOUNT_STATUS,MOUNT_DATE from v$asm_disk order by GROUP_NUMBER desc,disk_number;20select name,state,free_mb,required_mirror_free_mb,usable_file_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;
查看：
1SQL> col name format a10 2SQL> set line 9999 3SQL> col path format a25 4SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER,path,name,disk_number,total_mb,free_mb,CREATE_DATE,MOUNT_STATUS,MOUNT_DATE from v$asm_disk order by GROUP_NUMBER desc,disk_number; 5 6GROUP_NUMBER PATH NAME DISK_NUMBER TOTAL_MB FREE_MB CREATE_DA MOUNT_S MOUNT_DAT 7------------ ------------------------- ---------- ----------- ---------- ---------- --------- ------- --------- 8 3 /dev/asm-diskm FRA_0000 0 10240 10218 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-21 9 3 /dev/asm-diskn FRA_0001 1 10240 10216 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-2110 3 /dev/asm-disko FRA_0002 2 10240 10216 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-2111 2 /dev/asm-diskj DATA_0000 0 15360 15336 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-2112 2 /dev/asm-diskk DATA_0001 1 15360 15339 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-2113 2 /dev/asm-diskl DATA_0002 2 15360 15335 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-2114 1 /dev/asm-diskd OCR_0000 0 1024 692 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-2115 1 /dev/asm-diske OCR_0001 1 1024 696 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-2116 1 /dev/asm-diskf OCR_0002 2 1024 696 20-AUG-21 CACHED 20-AUG-2117 0 /dev/asm-diskg 0 0 0 CLOSED18 0 /dev/asm-diskh 1 0 0 CLOSED1920GROUP_NUMBER PATH NAME DISK_NUMBER TOTAL_MB FREE_MB CREATE_DA MOUNT_S MOUNT_DAT21------------ ------------------------- ---------- ----------- ---------- ---------- --------- ------- ---------22 0 /dev/asm-diski 2 0 0 CLOSED232412 rows selected.2526SQL> select name,state,free_mb,required_mirror_free_mb,usable_file_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;2728NAME STATE FREE_MB REQUIRED_MIRROR_FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB29---------- ----------- ---------- ----------------------- --------------30OCR MOUNTED 2084 1024 53031DATA MOUNTED 46010 0 4601032FRA MOUNTED 30650 0 3065033343536[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/kfod disks=all st=true ds=true37--------------------------------------------------------------------------------38 Disk Size Header Path Disk Group User Group 39================================================================================40 1: 1024 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskd OCR grid asmadmin41 2: 1024 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diske OCR grid asmadmin42 3: 1024 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskf OCR grid asmadmin43 4: 10240 MB CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diskg # grid asmadmin44 5: 10240 MB CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diskh # grid asmadmin45 6: 10240 MB CANDIDATE /dev/asm-diski # grid asmadmin46 7: 15360 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskj DATA grid asmadmin47 8: 15360 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskk DATA grid asmadmin48 9: 15360 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskl DATA grid asmadmin49 10: 10240 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskm FRA grid asmadmin50 11: 10240 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-diskn FRA grid asmadmin51 12: 10240 MB MEMBER /dev/asm-disko FRA grid asmadmin52--------------------------------------------------------------------------------53ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME 54================================================================================
7.4、静默创建数据库
1-- rac数据库 2dbca -silent -ignorePreReqs -ignorePrereqFailure -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE \ 3-gdbname rac21c -sid rac21c \ 4-createAsContainerDatabase TRUE \ 5-sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -dbsnmpPassword lhr \ 6-datafileDestination '+DATA' -recoveryAreaDestination '+FRA' \ 7-storageType ASM \ 8-characterset AL32UTF8 \ 9-totalMemory 1024 \10-databaseType OLTP \11-emConfiguration none \12-nodeinfo raclhr-21c-n1,raclhr-21c-n21314-- 单实例15dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE \16-gdbname LHRCDB -sid LHRCDB \17-createAsContainerDatabase TRUE \18-numberOfPDBs 1 \19-pdbName pdbxmm \20-pdbAdminPassword lhr \21-sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr \22-datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata' \23-recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' \24-redoLogFileSize 50 \25-storageType FS \26-characterset AL32UTF8 -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 \27-totalMemory 1024 \28-databaseType OLTP \29-emConfiguration NONE
创建过程：
1[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ dbca -silent -ignorePreReqs -ignorePrereqFailure -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE \ 2> -gdbname rac21c -sid rac21c \ 3> -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE \ 4> -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -dbsnmpPassword lhr \ 5> -datafileDestination '+DATA' -recoveryAreaDestination '+FRA' \ 6> -storageType ASM \ 7> -characterset AL32UTF8 \ 8> -totalMemory 1024 \ 9> -databaseType OLTP \ 10> -emConfiguration none \ 11> -nodeinfo raclhr-21c-n1,raclhr-21c-n2 12[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYS' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. 13 CAUSE: 14a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. 15b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password 16 ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. 17[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYSTEM' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. 18 CAUSE: 19a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. 20b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password 21 ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. 22[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'PDBADMIN' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. 23 CAUSE: 24a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. 25b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password 26 ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. 27Prepare for db operation 287% complete 29Copying database files 3027% complete 31Creating and starting Oracle instance 3228% complete 3331% complete 3435% complete 3537% complete 3640% complete 37Creating cluster database views 3841% complete 3953% complete 40Completing Database Creation 4157% complete 4259% complete 4360% complete 4480% complete 45Executing Post Configuration Actions 46100% complete 47Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at: 48 /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/rac21c. 49Database Information: 50Global Database Name:rac21c 51System Identifier(SID) Prefix:rac21c 52Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/rac21c/rac21c.log" for further details. 53 54[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t 55-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56Name Target State Server State details 57-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58Local Resources 59-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60ora.LISTENER.lsnr 61 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 62 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 63ora.chad 64 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 65 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 66ora.net1.network 67 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 68 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 69ora.ons 70 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 71 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 72-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73Cluster Resources 74-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr(ora.asmgroup) 76 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 77 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 78ora.DATA.dg(ora.asmgroup) 79 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 80 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 81ora.FRA.dg(ora.asmgroup) 82 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 83 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 84ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr 85 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 86ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr 87 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 88ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr 89 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 90ora.OCR.dg(ora.asmgroup) 91 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 92 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 93ora.asm(ora.asmgroup) 94 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 Started,STABLE 95 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 Started,STABLE 96ora.asmnet1.asmnetwork(ora.asmgroup) 97 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE 98 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE 99ora.cdp1.cdp100 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE101ora.cdp2.cdp102 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE103ora.cdp3.cdp104 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE105ora.cvu106 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE107ora.qosmserver108 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE109ora.rac21c.db110 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 Open,HOME=/u01/app/o111 racle/product/21.3.0112 /dbhome_1,STABLE113 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 Open,HOME=/u01/app/o114 racle/product/21.3.0115 /dbhome_1,STABLE116ora.raclhr-21c-n1.vip117 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE118ora.raclhr-21c-n2.vip119 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE120ora.scan1.vip121 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE122ora.scan2.vip123 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE124ora.scan3.vip125 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE126--------------------------------------------------------------------------------127128[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ sas129130SQL*Plus: Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Aug 23 10:32:50 2021131Version 21.3.0.0.0132133Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.134135136Connected to:137Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production138Version 21.3.0.0.0139140SYS@rac21c1> show pdbs141142 CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED143---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------144 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
7.5、创建PDB数据库
1SYS@rac21c1> show parameter db_create_file_dest 2 3NAME TYPE VALUE 4------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------ 5db_create_file_dest string +DATA 6SYS@rac21c1> create pluggable database PDBLHR1 admin user lhr identified by lhr; 7 8Pluggable database created. 910SYS@rac21c1> show pdbs1112 CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED13---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------14 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO15 3 PDBLHR1 MOUNTED16SYS@rac21c1> alter pluggable database pdblhr1 open;1718Pluggable database altered.1920SYS@rac21c1> show pdbs2122 CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED23---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------24 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO25 3 PDBLHR1 READ WRITE NO26SYS@rac21c1> alter pluggable database all save state;2728Pluggable database altered.2930[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ export ORACLE_PDB_SID=PDBLHR131[oracle@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]$ sas3233SQL*Plus: Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Aug 23 10:45:11 202134Version 21.3.0.0.03536Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.373839Connected to:40Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production41Version 21.3.0.0.04243SYS@rac21c1> show pdbs4445 CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED46---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------47 3 PDBLHR1 READ WRITE NO48SYS@rac21c1> show con_name4950CON_NAME51------------------------------52PDBLHR1535455[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# crsctl status resource -w "TYPE = ora.database.type" -t56--------------------------------------------------------------------------------57Name Target State Server State details 58--------------------------------------------------------------------------------59Cluster Resources60--------------------------------------------------------------------------------61ora.rac21c.db62 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 Open,HOME=/u01/app/o63 racle/product/21.3.064 /dbhome_1,STABLE65 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 Open,HOME=/u01/app/o66 racle/product/21.3.067 /dbhome_1,STABLE68--------------------------------------------------------------------------------69[root@raclhr-21c-n1 ~]# crsctl status resource -w "TYPE = ora.pdb.type" -t 70--------------------------------------------------------------------------------71Name Target State Server State details 72--------------------------------------------------------------------------------73Cluster Resources74--------------------------------------------------------------------------------75ora.rac21c.pdblhr1.pdb76 1 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n1 STABLE77 2 ONLINE ONLINE raclhr-21c-n2 STABLE78--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
八、修改基本配置
8.1、禁用crs和db的自启动
1-- 禁用crs自启动2crsctl disable has34-- 禁用db自启动5crsctl modify resource ora.rac21c.db -attr AUTO_START=never -unsupported6crsctl stat res ora.rac21c.db -p | grep AUTO_START
8.2、修改SQL提示符
oracle和grid均修改：
1cat >> $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql <<"EOF"23set linesize 9999 pagesize 99994set sqlprompt "_USER'@'_CONNECT_IDENTIFIER> "56EOF
本文结束。
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