NBU备份oracle数据库详细配置文档

原创潇湘秦 2023-09-06

1857

NBU备份oracle数据库详细配置文档

前提 NBU master和media服务器已经配置OK，现在需要oracle主机安装agent并配置备份任务。

NBU master版本8.3.0.2

Oracle OS版本redhat 6.8

Oracle版本 11.2.0.4

Oracle 安装agent

下载安装档

https://www.veritas.com/content/support/zh_CN

选择产品和版本号

Windows 选择NetBackup_8.3.0.2_CLIENTS1.tar.gz

Linux/unix 选择NetBackup_8.3.0.2_CLIENTS2.tar.gz

解压tar -xzf NetBackup_8.3.0.2_CLIENTS2.tar.gz

安装

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\a6d90ac7731ca6bc794ff2fa920e4e7.png$

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\0044ccfb0e7ed65d22ceb6515e8255e.png$

输入master服务器的IP/hostname

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\3aea3d37721e5eb515d7611969cf0bb.png$

Media 服务器的地址

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\758c21d81641963991dd48a5bf8f61c.png$

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\a622e2a4fc6915c34ca7f6fd8aec9fc.png$

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\330e634e2bb8af7d307bfb4729f1a91.png$

这里注意需要输入授权的token

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\c168c0e30d1acacbfdf3fd74e8973e3.png$

该token需要在master服务器上找如下图

找到valid token

Copy token

然后直接粘贴到安装界面，因为这个是密码界面，输入任何结果都不会显示，所以粘贴后直接回车即可（这里容易出错）

之后就会正常安装

补充如果安装客户端是没有输入token，则在管理台无法看到该host，可以使用如下命令手动导入token

cd /usr/openv/netbackup/bin

./nbcertcmd -getcacertificate

./nbcertcmd -getcertificate -force -token TOKEN_NUM

Master上配置备份计划

oracle db上安装好客户端后可以在master上看到host的信息

创建新的policy

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\8a6cd952420570a9119a9b699749441.png$

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\2685a236952e73f09333c415879e9c9.png$

这里只需要注意两点

Policy的type选择oracle，

Policy的storage选择对应的media服务器

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\b8e64204839f8fa934a09a8be945dc8.png$

Schedule按自己需求设定

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\0c961e654cf2da913a0377bc112b34d.png$

Clients选择client for use with scripts

然后添加db客户端

注意：oracle 主机，master主机，media主机都需要配置hosts ，并且网络互通，端口互通（1556，13724）不然会有问题

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\4e6282f2115fc903ee44225fa72c5c0.png$

Backup selections 选择rman备份脚本

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\b55d434d6b6bbd5976dd24f8f3c9186.png$

默认的sample脚本在如下路径

/usr/openv/netbackup/ext/db_ext/oracle/samples/rman

我这里使用的是hot_database_backup.sh

需要修改环境变量和部分参数具体如下（粗字体）

#!/bin/sh

# $Header$

#bcpyrght

#***************************************************************************

#ecpyrght

# Note: Only make modifications to a copy of this file. Changes to this file

# are lost when this example is overwritten during NetBackup upgrade.

# Delete this comment from the copy.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# hot_database_backup.sh

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# This script uses Recovery Manager to take a hot (inconsistent) database

# backup. A hot backup is inconsistent because portions of the database are

# being modified and written to the disk while the backup is progressing.

# You must run your database in ARCHIVELOG mode to make hot backups. It is

# assumed that this script will be executed by user root. In order for RMAN

# to work properly we switch user (su -) to the oracle dba account before

# execution. If this script runs under a user account that has Oracle dba

# privilege, it will be executed using this user's account.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Log the start of this script to both the stdout/obk_stdout

# and stderr/obk_stderr.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo "==== $0 started on `date` ==== stdout"

echo "==== $0 started on `date` ==== stderr" 1>&2

DEBUG=0

if [ "$DEBUG" -gt 0 ]; then

set -x

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Put output in <this file name>.out. Change as desired.

# Note: output directory requires write permission.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

RMAN_LOG_FILE=${0}.out

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Delete the log file before each execution so that it does not grow unbounded.

# Remove or comment these lines if all historical output must be retained or if

# the log file size is managed externally.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ -f "$RMAN_LOG_FILE" ]; then

rm -f "$RMAN_LOG_FILE"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Initialize the log file. By default it is readable by the DBA and other

# users. Restrict the permissions as needed.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

chmod 644 $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Redirect all stderr and stdout into the specified log file and also to

# stdout. No output will appear on stderr (or in the obk_stderr).

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

out=/tmp/`basename $0`.stdout.$$

trap "rm -f $out" EXIT SIGHUP SIGINT SIGQUIT SIGTRAP SIGKILL SIGUSR1 SIGUSR2 SIGPIPE SIGTERM SIGSTOP

mkfifo "$out"

tee -a $RMAN_LOG_FILE < "$out" &

exec 1>&- 2>&-

exec 1>"$out" 2>&1

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Log the start of this script to the log file and stdout.

# Log any additional arguments to the script.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo "==== $0 started on `date` ===="

echo "==== $0 $*"

echo

# *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

# NOTE: User modifications should be made only below this point.

# USER CUSTOMIZABLE VARIABLE SECTION

# ORACLE_HOME - Oracle Home path

# ORACLE_SID - Oracle Sid of the target database

# ORACLE_USER - Oracle user with permissions to execute RMAN

# ORACLE_TARGET_CONNECT_STR - Connect string for the target database

# [user]/[password][@TNSalias]

# RMAN_EXECUTABLE - Path to the rman executable

# RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY - SBT library path;

# on AIX see technote TECH194511.

# RMAN_CATALOG - Recovery catalog option and connect string

# BACKUP_SCHEDULE - If overriding Default-Application-Backup schedule

# BACKUP_TAG - User specified backup tag

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_SID=orcl1

ORACLE_USER=oracle

ORACLE_TARGET_CONNECT_STR=sys/***********

RMAN_EXECUTABLE=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman

RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY="/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64"

# Set the Recovery catalog to use. In This example we do not use a

# Recovery Catalog. If you choose to use one, replace the option 'nocatalog'

# with a "'catalog <userid>/<passwd>@<net service name>'" statement.

RMAN_CATALOG="nocatalog"

BACKUP_SCHEDULE=""

# Note: This tag will be appended with the dected schedule type, see schedule

# section.

BACKUP_TAG="hot_db_bk"

export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID

# Note: Additional tuning may be desired to RMAN_SEND and CMD_INPUT below.

# *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Determine the user which is executing this script.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

BACKUP_CUSER=`id |cut -d"(" -f2 | cut -d ")" -f1`

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# This script assumes that the database is properly opened. If desired,

# this would be the place to verify that.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# If this script is executed from a NetBackup schedule, NetBackup

# sets NB_ORA environment variables based on the schedule type.

# These variables can then used to dynamically select the appropriate

# RMAN backup type.

# For example, when:

# schedule type is BACKUP_TYPE is

# ---------------- --------------

# Automatic Full INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0

# Automatic Differential Incremental INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1

# Automatic Cumulative Incremental INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE

# For client initiated backups, BACKUP_TYPE defaults to incremental

# level 0 (full). To change the default for a user initiated

# backup to incremental or incremental cumulative, uncomment

# one of the following two lines.

# BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1"

# BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE"

# Note that we use incremental level 0 to specify full backups.

# That is because, although they are identical in content, only

# the incremental level 0 backup can have incremental backups of

# level > 0 applied to it.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ "$NB_ORA_FULL" = "1" ]; then

echo "Full backup requested from Schedule"

BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0"

BACKUP_TAG="${BACKUP_TAG}_inc_lvl0"

elif [ "$NB_ORA_INCR" = "1" ]; then

echo "Differential incremental backup requested from Schedule"

BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1"

BACKUP_TAG="${BACKUP_TAG}_inc_lvl1"

elif [ "$NB_ORA_CINC" = "1" ]; then

echo "Cumulative incremental backup requested from Schedule"

BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE"

BACKUP_TAG="${BACKUP_TAG}_inc_lvl1_cinc"

elif [ "$BACKUP_TYPE" = "" ]; then

echo "Manual execution - defaulting to Full backup"

BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0"

BACKUP_TAG="${BACKUP_TAG}_inc_lvl0"

echo

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Construct an RMAN SEND command when initiated from the master server.

# This ensures that the resulting application backup jobs utilize the same

# master server, client name, and policy name.

# If desired, initialize RMAN_SEND with additional NB_ORA_* variable=value

# pairs.

# NOTE WHEN USING NET SERVICE NAME: When connecting to a database

# using a net service name, you must use a send command or a parms operand to

# specify environment variables. In other words, when accessing a database

# through a listener, any environment variable set in this script are not

# inherited by the Oracle channel processes because it is a child of the

# listener process and not of this script. For more information on the

# environment variables, please refer to the NetBackup for Oracle Admin. Guide.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

RMAN_SEND=""

if [ "$NB_ORA_SERV" != "" ]; then

RMAN_SEND="NB_ORA_SERV=${NB_ORA_SERV}"

if [ "$NB_ORA_CLIENT" != "" ]; then

if [ "$RMAN_SEND" != "" ]; then

RMAN_SEND="${RMAN_SEND},NB_ORA_CLIENT=${NB_ORA_CLIENT}"

else

RMAN_SEND="NB_ORA_CLIENT=${NB_ORA_CLIENT}"

if [ "$NB_ORA_POLICY" != "" ]; then

if [ "$RMAN_SEND" != "" ]; then

RMAN_SEND="${RMAN_SEND},NB_ORA_POLICY=${NB_ORA_POLICY}"

else

RMAN_SEND="NB_ORA_POLICY=${NB_ORA_POLICY}"

if [ "$BACKUP_SCHEDULE" != "" ]; then

if [ "$RMAN_SEND" != "" ]; then

RMAN_SEND="${RMAN_SEND},NB_ORA_SCHED=${BACKUP_SCHEDULE}"

else

RMAN_SEND="NB_ORA_SCHED=${BACKUP_SCHEDULE}"

if [ "$RMAN_SEND" != "" ]; then

RMAN_SEND="SEND '${RMAN_SEND}';"

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Call Recovery Manager to initiate the backup.

# Note: Any environment variables needed at run time by RMAN

# must be set and exported within the CMDS variable.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Backs up the whole database. This backup is part of the incremental

# strategy (this means it can have incremental backups of levels > 0

# applied to it).

# We do not need to explicitly request the control file to be included

# in this backup, as it is automatically included each time file 1 of

# the system tablespace is backed up (the inference: as it is a whole

# database backup, file 1 of the system tablespace will be backed up,

# hence the controlfile will also be included automatically).

# Typically, a level 0 backup would be done at least once a week.

# The scenario assumes:

# o you are backing your database up to two tape drives

# o you want each backup set to include a maximum of 5 files

# o you wish to include offline datafiles, and read-only tablespaces,

# in the backup

# o you want the backup to continue if any files are inaccessible.

# o This script explicitly backs up the control file. If you specify or

# default to nocatalog, the controlfile backup that occurs

# automatically as the result of backing up the system file is

# not sufficient; it will not contain records for the backup that

# is currently in progress.

# o you want to archive the current log, back up all the

# archive logs using two channels, putting a maximum of 20 logs

# in a backup set, and deleting them once the backup is complete.

# Note that the format string is constructed to guarantee uniqueness and

# to enhance NetBackup for Oracle backup and restore performance.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# When needed, commands to debug the environment present in the subshell where

# RMAN will be started.

if [ "$DEBUG" -gt 0 ]; then

ENV_COMMANDS="

echo ----- LIST OF DECLARED VARIABLES IN SUBSHELL -----

echo

set | sort

echo

echo ----- LANGUAGE AND LOCALE -----

echo

locale

echo

echo ----- PROCESS LIST -----

echo

ps -ef

echo"

else

ENV_COMMANDS=""

# The RMAN commands to be executed.

# NOTE: If the default shell for the ORACLE_USER is the C shell, then update

# the export syntax as follows:

# setenv ORACLE_HOME "$ORACLE_HOME"

# setenv ORACLE_SID "$ORACLE_SID"

CMDS="

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME

export ORACLE_SID=$ORACLE_SID

echo

echo ----- SUBSHELL ENV VARIABLES -----

echo

echo

$ENV_COMMANDS

echo ----- STARTING RMAN EXECUTION -----

echo

$RMAN_EXECUTABLE target $ORACLE_TARGET_CONNECT_STR $RMAN_CATALOG"

# Building the PARMS option for the RMAN channels

if [ $RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY != "" ]; then

RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY_PARMS="PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=$RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY'"

else

RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY_PARMS=""

# The RMAN statements that are needed to perform the desired backup.

# Add, delete, or modify the CMD_INPUT per the backup requirements for the

# instance.

CMD_INPUT="<< EOF

SHOW ALL;

RUN {

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' $RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY_PARMS;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' $RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY_PARMS;

$RMAN_SEND

BACKUP

$BACKUP_TYPE

SKIP INACCESSIBLE

TAG $BACKUP_TAG

FILESPERSET 5

# recommended format, must end with %t

FORMAT 'bk_%s_%p_%t'

DATABASE;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

# backup all archive logs

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' $RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY_PARMS;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' $RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY_PARMS;

$RMAN_SEND

BACKUP

filesperset 20

# recommended format, must end with %t

FORMAT 'al_%s_%p_%t'

ARCHIVELOG ALL DELETE INPUT;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

# Note: During the process of backing up the database, RMAN also backs up the

# control file. That backup of the control file does not contain the

# information about the archive log backup if "nocatalog" has been specified.

# To include the information about the current backup, the control file should

# be backed up as the last step. This step may not be necessary if using

# a recovery catalog or AUTOBACKUP CONTROLFILE.

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' $RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY_PARMS;

$RMAN_SEND

BACKUP

# recommended format, must end with %t

FORMAT 'cntrl_%s_%p_%t'

CURRENT CONTROLFILE;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;

}

EOF

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Print out the values of various variables matched by the following patterns.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ "$DEBUG" -gt 0 ]; then

echo ----- LIST OF DECLARED VARIABLES IN SCRIPT -----

echo

set | sort

echo

echo "----- SCRIPT VARIABLES -----"

echo

echo

echo "----- RMAN CMD -----"

echo

echo "$CMDS"

echo

echo "----- RMAN INPUT -----"

echo

echo "$CMD_INPUT"

echo

# Sanity check the environment.

if [ ! -x $RMAN_EXECUTABLE ]; then

echo "ERR: $RMAN_EXECUTABLE: required executable not found!" 1>&2

exit 1

if [ ! -f `echo $RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY | cut -d'(' -f1` ]; then

echo "ERR: $RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY: required library not found!" 1>&2

exit 1

echo "----- STARTING CMDS EXECUTION -----"

echo

if [ "$BACKUP_CUSER" = "root" ]; then

su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$CMDS $CMD_INPUT"

RSTAT=$?

else

/bin/sh -c "$CMDS $CMD_INPUT"

RSTAT=$?

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Log the completion of this script to both stdout/obk_stdout

# and stderr/obk_stderr.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ "$RSTAT" = "0" ]; then

LOGMSG="ended successfully"

else

LOGMSG="ended in error"

echo

echo "==== $0 $LOGMSG on `date` ==== stdout"

echo "==== $0 $LOGMSG on `date` ==== stderr" 1>&2

echo

exit $RSTAT

手动启动备份任务验证是否可以正常备份

Active monitor 查看备份任务的状态

双击备份任务可以看到详细的信息，如有报错也是在这里看

常见报错处理
1. bpcd on db1 exited with status 48: client hostname could not be found

原因：一般是因为master，media主机和db主机网络或者端口不通

解决办法：确认hosts已经配置ok 并且互相都能ping通

检查办法

[root@csaslbak02 ~]# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpclntcmd -hn db1（hostname）

host db1: db1 at 10.245.40.101

aliases: db1 10.245.40.10

[~]# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpclntcmd -clear_host_cache ##可以清理一下cache 再重新获取

Successfully cleared host cache

Successfully cleared generic cache

3.2 Error bpbrm (pid=36341) bpcd on db1 exited with status 59: access to the client was not allowed

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\6037d7b384ca7184f5ecb4acc30f218.png$

原因：客户端配置问题

解决办法：

cd /usr/openv/netbackup/

[root@db1 netbackup]# vi bp.conf

SERVER = cscn01bak01

SERVER = csaslbak02 ##media服务器没有加入到该配置文件

CLIENT_NAME = db1

CONNECT_OPTIONS = localhost 1 0 2

[root@db1 netbackup]#

验证办法：

Media服务端验证client的连接性

/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bptestbpcd -client db1 -verbose

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\f3b05bbb5f03ec6b205891ebabba798.png$

修改bp.conf添加media服务器

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\1a10ee280d55c1f1e6d5975b6828867.png$

再次验证可以抓取client的信息即表示正常

$C:\Users\norton.fan\AppData\Local\Temp\WeChat Files\5e449aac5dc2aae97d33d65e41d2904.png$

最后修改时间：2023-10-10 14:25:18

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