RMAN备份脚本

0级增量备份脚本代码清单：

create script bak_0{
crosscheck backup;
crosscheck archivelog all;
allocate channel c1 type disk maxpiecesize=200000m;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup incremental level 0
skip inaccessible database tag 'inc_0'
format '/oracle/ora_rman/bak_0%p_%s_%t.bak' filesperset 4
include current controlfile
plus
archivelog tag 'arc_o'
format '/oracle/ora_rman/bak_arc%U.bak' filesperset 2
delete all input ;
delete obsolete ;
release channel c1 ;
}
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2.1级增量备份脚本

1级增量备份脚本代码清单：

create script bak_1{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate channel c3 type disk;
allocate channel c4 type disk;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup incremental level 1 tag 'inc_1'
database
format '/oracle/ora_bak/bak_1%U.bak'
include current controlfile
plus
archivelog
format '/oracle/ora_bak/bak_arc%U.bak';
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel c3;
release channel c4;
}
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3.Linux RAC 环境下的备份脚本

Linux RAC 环境下的备份脚本代码清单：

run{
crosscheck archivelog all;
allocate channel c1 device type disk connect sys/xxx@node1 maxpiecesize=200000m;
allocate channel c2 device type disk connect sys/xxx@node2 maxpiecesize=200000m;
sql 'alter system archive log thread 1 current';
sql 'alter system archive log thread 2 current';
backup incremental level 0 tag 'inc_0'
database
format '/oracle/archive/arch1/ora_rman/peppdb_%p_%s_%t.bak' filesperset 10
include current controlfile
plus
archivelog
format '/oracle/archive/arch1/ora_rman/peppdb_arc%p_%s_%t.bak' filesperset 10
delete all input ;
delete obsolete ;
release channel c1 ;
release channel c2 ;
}
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4.日常0级增量备份

日常0级增量备份通过脚本bak_0.sh实现，代码如下：

#!/bin/bash
#Author:xxx
#date:20240117
#Purpose:For Database Backup
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=node1
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export NLS_LANG="American_America.UTF8"

source ~/.profile
log_path=/oracle/misc/script/backup/logs
log=back_0.log

cat /dev/null > $log_path/$log

if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
  echo "Clear $log Failed!..." > /tmp/$log
fi

rman target /  <<EOF >$log_path/$log
run{
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/backup/db_inc0_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak'
connect sys/xxx@node1 maxpiecesize=8000m;
allocate channel ch2 device type disk format '/backup/db_inc0_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak'
connect sys/xxx@node2 maxpiecesize=8000m;
crosscheck backup;
sql 'alter system archive log thread 1 current';
sql 'alter system archive log thread 2 current';
backup incremental level 0 tag 'inc_0' database include current controlfile;
release channel ch1;
release channel ch2;
}
EOF
echo "###################################################">>/tmp/rman.log
echo $log>/tmp/rman.log
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
  echo "Errors in rman.log's heading"  >> /tmp/rman.log
fi

cat $log_path/$log >> /tmp/rman.log
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
  echo "Error put rman.log message!"  >> /tmp/rman.log
fi
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5.日常1级增量备份

日常1级增量备份通过脚本bak_1.sh实现，代码如下：

#!/bin/bash
#Author:xxx
#date:20240117
#Purpose:For Database Backup
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=node1
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export NLS_LANG="American_America.UTF8"
log_path=/oracle/misc/script/backup/logs
source ~/.profile

log=bak_1.log

cat /dev/null > $log_path/$log

if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
  echo "Clear $log Failed!..." > /tmp/$log
fi

rman target /  <<EOF > $log_path/$log
run{
crosscheck backup;
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/backup/db_inc1_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak'
connect sys/xxx@node1 maxpiecesize=8000m;
allocate channel ch2 device type disk format '/backup/db_inc1_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak'
connect sys/xxx@node2 maxpiecesize=8000m;
sql 'alter system archive log thread 1 current';
sql 'alter system archive log thread 2 current';
backup incremental level 1 tag 'inc_1' database include current controlfile;
release channel ch1;
release channel ch2;
}
EOF
echo "###################################################">>/tmp/rman.log
echo $log>/tmp/rman.log
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
  echo "Errors in rman.log's head in rman.log"  >> /tmp/rman.log
fi

cat $log_path/$log >> /tmp/rman.log
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
  echo "Error put rman.log message!"  >> /tmp/rman.log
fi
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参数说明：

Channel：是一个通道，用来连接数据库备份与备份的存储介质；

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通道配置选项说明：

connect：是一个Oracle Net连接串。一般不适用于单实例环境。

format：为通道创建的备份片或映像副本确定路径与文件名。

duration：控制作业的时间总量，以小时和分钟进行指定

maxopenfiles：该选项限制RMAN一次能够打开的输入文件数。

maxpiecesize：限制一个备份集分隔的备份片的大小，以字节（默认）、k、m、g为单位。

parms：能够被用于设置sbt_type通道所需的任何变量。

filesperset：备份集中可容纳的文件数。

backup set：是一个集合，是由一个或多个物理文件组成，是一个逻辑单位。

backup piece：是真正的一个输出文件，收到操作系统单个文件的限制，即 maxpiecesize 这个参数；

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backuppiece：备份片，表示一个由RMAN产生备份的文件。用OS工具可以实实在在看得到的。

backupset：备份集，表示进行一次备份所产生的所有备份片集合，是一个逻辑上的概念；一个数据文件可以跨备份片存在，不能跨备份集存在。

示例1：

RMAN> run
{
allocate channel c1 device type disk maxpiecesize 1500m;
backup database plus archivelog delete all input;
release channel c1;
}
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allocate channel命令在目标数据库启动一个服务器进程，同时必须定义服务器进程执行备份或者恢复操作使用的I/O类型。每个备份片的最大为1500M,超过这个大小就会产生新的备份片，在启动备份时，会归档当前的日志，生成一个备份片，删除已备份的归档日志；然后备份数据文件，生成两个备份片（数据文件2G)，再备份当前的SPFILE 和CONTROLFILE，生成一个备份片，最后再做一次LOGSWITCH，备份归档日志，生成一个备份片，因此可以这样描述，这个备份集包含成五个备份片，一个备份片包含文件个数由 FILESPERSET 指定。

示例2：

RMAN> run
{
allocate channel c1 device type disk maxpiecesize 1500m;
backup database filesperset 1;
release channel c1;
}
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