（1）用spfile创建pfile，然后修改参数
#*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'?
#*.undo_management='AUTO'?
*.undo_management='MANUAL'
*.rollback_segments='SYSTEM'?
*** 实际操作 ***
[root@db ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@db ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Dec 10 13:53:29 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.0689E+11 bytes
Fixed Size 2265864 bytes
Variable Size 5.1808E+10 bytes
Database Buffers 5.5029E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 55242752 bytes
SQL> create pfile='/oracle/init201812101356.ora' from spfile;
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
*** 编辑操作 ***
[root@db alert]# cat /oracle/init201812101356.ora
nccd.__db_cache_size=55029268480
nccd.__java_pool_size=1610612736
nccd.__large_pool_size=268435456
nccd.__oracle_base='/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
nccd.__pga_aggregate_target=42412802048
nccd.__sga_target=64961380352
nccd.__shared_io_pool_size=0
nccd.__shared_pool_size=6979321856
nccd.__streams_pool_size=536870912
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/admin/nccd/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/oradata/nccd/control01.ctl','/oracle/fast_recovery_area/nccd/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_files=2000
*.db_name='nccd'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5218762752
*.db_writer_processes=3
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle'
*.memory_max_target=107374182400
*.memory_target=107374182400
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'
*.nls_territory='CHINA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=500
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sessions=555
#*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
#*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_management='MANUAL'
*.rollback_segments='SYSTEM'
（2）用修改后的pfile，启动DB
?SQL>?STARTUP ? pfile='E:\oracle\db\dbs\pfile20140814.ora' ??
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area? 251658240 bytes
Fixed Size????????????????? 1290012 bytes
Variable Size???????????? 222298340 bytes
Database Buffers?????????? 20971520 bytes
Redo Buffers??????????????? 7098368 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
*** 实际操作 ***
SQL> startup pfile='/oracle/init201812101356.ora';
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.0689E+11 bytes
Fixed Size 2265864 bytes
Variable Size 5.1808E+10 bytes
Database Buffers 5.5029E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 55242752 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
（3）删除原来的UNDO表空间进行重建
SQL> drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents and datafiles;
SQL> create undo tablespace undotbs1 datafile 'E:\oracle\oradata\pcweb\UNDOTBS1_20G_01.DBF' size 20g autoextend off;
*** 实际操作 ***
SQL> drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
SQL> create undo tablespace undotbs1 datafile '/oradata/nccd/undotbs01.dbf' size 20g autoextend off;
Tablespace created.
（4）关闭数据库，修改pfile参数，然后用新的pfile创建spfile，在正常启动数据库
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'?
*.undo_management='AUTO'?
#*.undo_management='MANUAL'?
#*.rollback_segments='SYSTEM'
---------------------
作者：jiejie5945
*** 实际操作 ***
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
*** 编辑操作 ***
[root@db alert]# cat /oracle/init201812101356.ora
nccd.__db_cache_size=55029268480
nccd.__java_pool_size=1610612736
nccd.__large_pool_size=268435456
nccd.__oracle_base='/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
nccd.__pga_aggregate_target=42412802048
nccd.__sga_target=64961380352
nccd.__shared_io_pool_size=0
nccd.__shared_pool_size=6979321856
nccd.__streams_pool_size=536870912
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/admin/nccd/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/oradata/nccd/control01.ctl','/oracle/fast_recovery_area/nccd/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_files=2000
*.db_name='nccd'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5218762752
*.db_writer_processes=3
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle'
*.memory_max_target=107374182400
*.memory_target=107374182400
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'
*.nls_territory='CHINA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=500
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sessions=555
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.undo_management='AUTO'
#*.undo_management='MANUAL'
#*.rollback_segments='SYSTEM'
*** SQL操作 ***
SQL> startup pfile='/oracle/init201812101356.ora';
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.0689E+11 bytes
Fixed Size 2265864 bytes
Variable Size 5.1808E+10 bytes
Database Buffers 5.5029E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 55242752 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/oracle/init201812101356.ora';
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.0689E+11 bytes
Fixed Size 2265864 bytes
Variable Size 5.1808E+10 bytes
Database Buffers 5.5029E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 55242752 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
