[LeetCode] 1029. Two City Scheduling 两个城市调度

A company is planning to interview 2n
 people. Given the array costs
 where costs[i] = [aCosti, bCosti]
, the cost of flying the ith
 person to city a
 is aCosti
, and the cost of flying the ith
 person to city b
 is bCosti
.

Return the minimum cost to fly every person to a city such that exactly n
 people arrive in each city.

Example 1:

Input: costs = [[10,20],[30,200],[400,50],[30,20]]
Output: 110
Explanation:
The first person goes to city A for a cost of 10.
The second person goes to city A for a cost of 30.
The third person goes to city B for a cost of 50.
The fourth person goes to city B for a cost of 20.


The total minimum cost is 10 + 30 + 50 + 20 = 110 to have half the people interviewing in each city.
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Example 2:

Input: costs = [[259,770],[448,54],[926,667],[184,139],[840,118],[577,469]]
Output: 1859
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Example 3:

Input: costs = [[515,563],[451,713],[537,709],[343,819],[855,779],[457,60],[650,359],[631,42]]
Output: 3086
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Constraints:

•2 * n == costs.length
•2 <= costs.length <= 100
•costs.length
 is even.•1 <= aCosti, bCosti <= 1000

这道题说是一个公司要面试 2n 个人，每个人飞到城市A和城市B的花费不同，现在分别让n个人去城市A和城市B面试，问最小的花费是多少。博主二话不说，上来就写个递归的暴力搜索，遍历所有的情况，但是很不幸的超时了，这道题需要更优化的解法。其实这道题可以用贪婪算法来做，首先假设我们让所有的人都去城市A，那么总花费就是把所有人去城市A的花费加起来，但现在需要让其中的一半人去城市B，由于花费不同了，怎么算呢？若去城市B的花费小于城市A的，则应该 refund 二者的差值，若去城市A的花费小于城市B的，则应该加上二者的差值。所以用去城市B的花费减去城市A的，若为负数，则是 refund，若为正数，则是追加的花费。当然是希望是负数，而且越小越好，这样就可以 refund，使得整个花费变小。所以开始时遍历一遍 costs 数组，将去城市A的花费先累加到结果 res 中，然后将去城市B的花费减去城市A的花费的差值存入 refund 数组，之后给 refund 数组排序，取出前n个值加到结果 res 中即可，参见代码如下：

class Solution {
public:
    int twoCitySchedCost(vector<vector<int>>& costs) {
        int res = 0, n = costs.size() / 2;
        vector<int> refund;
        for (auto &cost : costs) {
            res += cost[0];
            refund.push_back(cost[1] - cost[0]);
        }
        sort(refund.begin(), refund.end());
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            res += refund[i];
        }
        return res;
    }
};
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Github 同步地址:

https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/1029

参考资料：

https://leetcode.com/problems/two-city-scheduling/

https://leetcode.com/problems/two-city-scheduling/discuss/278716/C%2B%2B-O(n-log-n)-sort-by-savings

https://leetcode.com/problems/two-city-scheduling/discuss/667786/Java-or-C%2B%2B-or-Python3-or-With-detailed-explanation

LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)^[1]

References

[1]
 LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...): https://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/4606334.html