oracle11g rac rman备份

一、前期准备

1. 设置RMAN参数

    --保留策略

   CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

    --配置备份优化

   CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

   --自动备份控制文件

   CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

   CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/backup/rman/controlfile/%F';

  --开启块跟踪功能 

alter database enable block change tracking using file '+DATA/<ORACLE_SID>/change_tracking.dbf';

select * from v$block_change_tracking;

二、备份策略

使用差异增量备份

日  一  二  三  四  五  六  日

0    2    2   1    2    2   2    0

全  一  一  三  一  一  一  全

三、RMAN脚本

0级备份脚本

#!/bin/bash

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=xxx

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=/usr/sbin:/$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:/u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/OPatch:/usr/local/openssh/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

rman target / <<EOF

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

allocate channel c3 type disk;

allocate channel c4 type disk;

crosscheck archivelog all;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 format '/backup/ehr_bak/%d_%T_%U_0.bak' database plus archivelog;

sql'alter system archive log current';

backup spfile;

delete noprompt obsolete;

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

release channel c4;

}

quit;

EOF

1级备份脚本

#!/bin/bash

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=ehr1

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=/usr/sbin:/$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:/u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/OPatch:/usr/local/openssh/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

rman target / <<EOF

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

allocate channel c3 type disk;

allocate channel c4 type disk;

crosscheck archivelog all;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 format '/backup/ehr_bak/%d_%T_%U_1.bak' database plus archivelog;

sql'alter system archive log current';

backup spfile;

delete noprompt obsolete;

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

release channel c4;

}

quit;

EOF

2级备份脚本

#!/bin/bash

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=ehr1

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=/usr/sbin:/$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:/u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/OPatch:/usr/local/openssh/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

rman target / <<EOF

run{

sql'alter system archive log current';

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

allocate channel c3 type disk;

allocate channel c4 type disk;

crosscheck archivelog all;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 2 format '/backup/ehr_bak/%d_%T_%U_2.bak' database plus archivelog;

sql'alter system archive log current';

backup spfile;

delete noprompt obsolete;

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

release channel c4;

}

quit;

EOF

四、设置定时作业

1、设置脚本权限

chmod -R 777 ehrrman0.sh

chmod -R 777 ehrrman1.sh

chmod -R 777 ehrrman2.sh

2、设置用户权限

chage -M 99999 oracle

3、设置crontab任务

crontab –e

0 2 * * 0 sh /backup/scripts/ehrrman0.sh  >> /backup/scripts/log/backup0.log 2>&1  

0 2 * * 3 sh /backup/scripts/ehrrman1.sh   >>  /backup/scripts/log/backup1.log 2>&1

0 2 * * 1,2,4,5,6 sh /backup/scripts/ehrrman2.sh  >>  /backup/scripts/log/backup2.log 2>&1

五、一个小插曲

设置好脚本后，测试时总是提示

：command not found

message file RMAN<lang>.msb not found 

Verify that ORACLE_HOME is set proerly

检查ORACLE_HOME设置没有问题 

最后

我一直是sh ehrrman0.sh执行，然后就提示这些错误，突然用./ehrrman0.sh执行试一下，结果提示source /home/oracle/.bash_profile^M ，我一看右边有个^M,那就是后边是不是有空格什么的，然后一行一行删，再执行还是提示相同的错误。在网上查询后发现是脚本格式问题，用vim编辑脚本文件，使用 ：set ff？命令发现是dos格式的，手动设置为set ff=unix，执行就好了，然后删除此脚本，重新新建脚本，再试也没有问题了。