inux普通用户finger/chfn/chsh命令的使用

[root@achao achao]# id --helpUsage: id [OPTION]... [USER]Print user and group information for the specified USER,or (when USER omitted) for the current user.
  -a             ignore, for compatibility with other versions  -Z, --context  print only the security context of the current user  -g, --group    print only the effective group ID  -G, --groups   print all group IDs  -n, --name     print a name instead of a number, for -ugG  -r, --real     print the real ID instead of the effective ID, with -ugG  -u, --user     print only the effective user ID  -z, --zero     delimit entries with NUL characters, not whitespace;                   not permitted in default format      --help     display this help and exit      --version  output version information and exit
Without any OPTION, print some useful set of identified information.
复制

#查看当前用户的id信息[root@achao achao]# iduid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023#UID的值[root@achao achao]# id -u0#GID的值[root@achao achao]# id -g0#判断系统中是否存在该用户[root@achao achao]# id achaoid: achao: no such user
复制

context=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
复制

[root@achao achao]# which finger /usr/bin/which: no finger in (/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/root/bin)[root@achao achao]# yum -y install finger Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.comResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package finger.x86_64 0:0.17-52.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
============================================================================================================================================================================= Package                                 Arch                                    Version                                         Repository                             Size=============================================================================================================================================================================Installing: finger                                  x86_64                                  0.17-52.el7                                     base                                   25 k
Transaction Summary=============================================================================================================================================================================Install  1 Package
Total download size: 25 kInstalled size: 32 kDownloading packages:finger-0.17-52.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                         |  25 kB  00:00:00     Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction  Installing : finger-0.17-52.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                 1/1   Verifying  : finger-0.17-52.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                 1/1 
Installed:  finger.x86_64 0:0.17-52.el7                                                                                                                                                
Complete!
复制

FINGER(1)                                                              BSD General Commands Manual                                                             FINGER(1)
NAME     finger — user information lookup program
SYNOPSIS     finger [-lmsp] [user ...] [user@host ...]
DESCRIPTION     The finger displays information about the system users.
     Options are:
     -s    Finger displays the user's login name, real name, terminal name and write status (as a ``*'' after the terminal name if write permission is denied), idle           time, login time, office location and office phone number.
           Login time is displayed as month, day, hours and minutes, unless more than six months ago, in which case the year is displayed rather than the hours and min‐           utes.
           Unknown devices as well as nonexistent idle and login times are displayed as single asterisks.
     -l    Produces a multi-line format displaying all of the information described for the -s option as well as the user's home directory, home phone number, login           shell, mail status, and the contents of the files “.plan”, “.project”, “.pgpkey” and “.forward” from the user's home directory.
           Phone numbers specified as eleven digits are printed as ``+N-NNN-NNN-NNNN''.  Numbers specified as ten or seven digits are printed as the appropriate subset           of that string.  Numbers specified as five digits are printed as ``xN-NNNN''.  Numbers specified as four digits are printed as ``xNNNN''.
           If write permission is denied to the device, the phrase ``(messages off)'' is appended to the line containing the device name.  One entry per user is dis‐           played with the -l option; if a user is logged on multiple times, terminal information is repeated once per login.
           Mail status is shown as ``No Mail.'' if there is no mail at all, ``Mail last read DDD MMM ## HH:MM YYYY (TZ)'' if the person has looked at their mailbox           since new mail arriving, or ``New mail received ...'', ``  Unread since ...'' if they have new mail.
     -p    Prevents the -l option of finger from displaying the contents of the “.plan”, “.project” and “.pgpkey” files.
     -m    Prevent matching of user names.  User is usually a login name; however, matching will also be done on the users' real names, unless the -m option is sup‐           plied.  All name matching performed by finger is case insensitive.
复制

[admin@achao ~]$ iduid=1000(admin) gid=1000(admin) groups=1000(admin),10(wheel) context=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023[admin@achao ~]$ finger -s admin Login     Name       Tty      Idle  Login Time   Office     Office Phone   Hostadmin     admin      pts/0       *  Aug 11 14:24   #列出目前在系统上边登录的使用者与登录时间[admin@achao ~]$ finger Login     Name       Tty      Idle  Login Time   Office     Office Phone   Hostroot      root      *:0             Jul 13 14:15                           (:0)root      root       pts/0          Aug 11 14:22   #列出admin用户的详细信息[admin@achao ~]$ finger adminLogin: admin                Name: adminDirectory: /home/admin                Shell: /bin/bashLast login Sun Aug 11 14:24 (CST) on pts/0No mail.No Plan.
复制

[admin@achao ~]$ chfn --help 
Usage: chfn [options] [username]
Options: -f, --full-name <full-name>  real name -o, --office <office>        office number -p, --office-phone <phone>   office phone number -h, --home-phone <phone>     home phone number
 -u, --help     display this help and exit -v, --version  output version information and exit
For more details see chfn(1).
复制

[admin@achao ~]$ chfnChanging finger information for admin.Name [admin]: huohuazi1016Office []: 15619303358Office Phone []: 15619303358Home Phone []: 15619303358
Password: #输入当前用户的密码Finger information changed.
复制

[admin@achao ~]$ grep admin /etc/passwd admin:x:1000:1000:huohuazi1016,15619303358,15619303358,15619303358:/home/admin:/bin/bash[admin@achao ~]$ finger adminLogin: admin                Name: huohuazi1016Directory: /home/admin                Shell: /bin/bashOffice: 15619303358, +1-561-930-3358  Home Phone: +1-561-930-3358Last login Sun Aug 11 14:24 (CST) on pts/0No mail.No Plan.
复制

[admin@achao ~]$ chsh --help 
Usage: chsh [options] [username]
Options: -s, --shell <shell>  specify login shell -l, --list-shells    print list of shells and exit
 -u, --help     display this help and exit -v, --version  output version information and exit
For more details see chsh(1).
复制

#列出目前系统上可用的shell[admin@achao ~]$ chsh -l /bin/sh/bin/bash/sbin/nologin/usr/bin/sh/usr/bin/bash/usr/sbin/nologin  #合法不可登录的shell/bin/tcsh/bin/csh#上边列出的信息也就是/etc/shells中的内容[admin@achao ~]$ cat /etc/shells/bin/sh/bin/bash/sbin/nologin/usr/bin/sh/usr/bin/bash/usr/sbin/nologin/bin/tcsh/bin/csh
复制

[admin@achao ~]$ chsh -s /bin/cshChanging shell for admin.Password: #输入admin的密码进行确认Shell changed.[admin@achao ~]$ grep admin /etc/passwd admin:x:1000:1000:huohuazi1016,15619303358,15619303358,15619303358:/home/admin:/bin/csh[admin@achao ~]$ finger adminLogin: admin                Name: huohuazi1016Directory: /home/admin                Shell: /bin/cshOffice: 15619303358, +1-561-930-3358  Home Phone: +1-561-930-3358Last login Sun Aug 11 14:24 (CST) on pts/0No mail.No Plan.
复制