打补丁过程
1）下载补丁并上传，解压
2）停止应用和服务
3）生产环境一定要备份（停止数据库与集群、备份安装代码、备份数据库）
4）安装补丁工具OPATCH
5）在线打补丁（把数据库停止、集群一定要打开）
6）验证补丁
7）启动应用测试
Oracle 11g RAC自动打GI PSU补丁（29255947）
打补丁(11.2.0.3.21，可以参考补丁p29255947_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip 中的reamme.html文件，文件中详细介绍了如何打补丁，以下为概要本实验的简单记录。
1、 下载补丁并上传至所有集群节点
上传补丁p29255947_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip 到各节点/u01/sopt/psu目录，解压后赋权移至/u01/soft/psu目录中。
#unzip p29255947_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip
#chown –R grid:oinstall p29255947
2、升级OPatch工具（所有节点grid与oracle用户均需执行）
grid:
原GRID
grid@rac3:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch> ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.4
OPatch succeeded.
替换GRID后
grid@rac3:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch> cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/
grid@rac3:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid>mv OPatch OPatch.bak
grid@rac3:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid> unzip p6880880_112000_LINUX.zip
grid@rac3:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid> cdOPatch
grid@rac3:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch>./opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.21
OPatch succeeded.
grid@rac3:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch>
原ORACLE
Oracle:
oracle@rac3:~> cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch
oracle@rac3:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch>./opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.4
OPatch succeeded.
替换ORACLE后
oracle@rac3:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch>cd…
oracle@rac3:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1> mv OPatch OPatch.bak
oracle@rac3:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1>unzip p6880880_112000_LINUX.zip
oracle@rac3:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1> cd OPatch
oracle@rac3:~> cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch
oracle@rac3:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch>./opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.21
OPatch succeeded.
3、创建OCM文件(所有节点均需执行)
rac3节点
[grid@rac3 psu]$/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin/emocmrsp
Provide your email address to be informedof security issues, install and
initiate Oracle Configuration Manager.Easier for you if you use your My
Oracle Support Email address/User Name.
Visithttp://www.oracle.com/support/policies.html for details.
Email address/User Name:
You have not provided an email address fornotification of security issues.
Do you wish to remain uninformed ofsecurity issues ([Y]es, [N]o) [N]: y
The OCM configuration response file(/tmp/ocm.rsp) was successfully created.
grid@rac3:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin>
rac4节点
[grid@rac4 psu]$/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin/emocmrsp
Provide your email address to be informedof security issues, install and
initiate Oracle Configuration Manager.Easier for you if you use your My
Oracle Support Email address/User Name.
Visithttp://www.oracle.com/support/policies.html for details.
Email address/User Name:
You have not provided an email address fornotification of security issues.
Do you wish to remain uninformed ofsecurity issues ([Y]es, [N]o) [N]: y
The OCM configuration response file(/tmp/ocm.rsp) was successfully created.
grid@rac4:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin>
4、OPatch apply(所有节点均需执行)(无需关闭任何组件及资源)
su - root(用户）每个节点手动打补丁
rac3
[root@rac3 psu]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch auto /u01/soft/psu/29255947 -ocmrf /u01/soft/psu/ocm.rsp
rac4：
[root@rac4 psu]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch auto /u01/soft/psu/29255947 -ocmrf /u01/soft/psu/ocm.rsp
补丁安装完毕之后，查看集群资源状态
su - grid
crsctl stat res -t
备注：1、根据输出结果可以观察到打补丁的顺序为：关闭RAC–>补丁RAC -->关闭CRS -->补丁CRS -->启动CRS–>启动RAC
2、ACFS driver install actions failed，该报错查看日志显示为CRS-10001:20-Jan-1613:31 ACFS-9109: oracleacfs.ko driver failed to load.当初安装grid执行root.sh时也有过同样的报错，打过补丁p17475946_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip之后可以正常执行root.sh（参考该链接处理suse11sp3 执行root.sh失败bug处理）。现在不知道为什么打完补丁之后还会有同样的问题。 3、集群资源中该资源为offline,是因为oracleacfs.kodriver failed to load加载失败导致。重启动各节点资源将恢复正常。复制
5、加载修改SQL文件到数据库修改数据字典
在RAC环境中仅需在一个节点执行以下SQL。
（1）
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
SQL> @catbundle.sql psu apply
SQL> QUIT
The catbundle.sql execution is reflected inthe dba_registry_history view by a row associated with bundle series PSU.
（2）
If the OJVM PSU was applied for a previousGI PSU patch, you may see invalid Java classes after execution of the catbundle.sqlscript in the previous step. If this is the case, run utlrp.sql to re-validatethese Java classes.
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
SQL> @utlrp.sql
6、检查DB补丁版本
SQL> select * from dba_registry_history;
SQL>
7、单机版升级
停数据库、停监听
[oracle@db1 29141056]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch apply
[oracle@db1 29141056]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL > startup
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> STARTUP
SQL> @catbundle.sql psu apply
SQL> QUIT
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> @utlrp.sql
