对于DBA来说，pg和oracle之间，必备技能之一就是学会用插件oracle_fdw，此文章可供入门参考。
环境介绍：
pg端：redhat7.4+pg12.4+oracle_fdw2.4通过repmgr管理的主备两节点
oracle端：oracle11.2.0.4，oradb,orauser/abcd1234
项目需求：目前主库pg和oracle之间通过每天同步一次的方法更新，数据不实时，且每需一个数据就要开发一次程序。很麻烦，效率低。
解决方案：PG库直接通过dblink访问oracle数据库，根据需要查询实时信息
安装步骤：(以下只需要在pg端做)
1.下载oracle12.2.0.1客户端（建议11g以上版本)
https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/instant-client/linux-x86-64-downloads.html
instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip --必须
instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip --必须
instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip --可选，方便直接连oracle查看库表信息，连接命令参考：sqlplus orauser/password@//192.168.208.40:1521/oradb
2.下载oracle_fdw最新源码，以及官方的安装参考
https://github.com/laurenz/oracle_fdw
3.介质上传到pg端,比如/opt/oracle下，解压改名，添加环境变量/etc/profile,编译oracle_fdw
vi /etc/profile
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/instantclient export OCI_LIB_DIR=$ORACLE_HOME export OCI_INC_DIR=$ORACLE_HOME/sdk/include export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$GCC_HOME/bin:$CMAKE_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUF_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUFC_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME:$PATH复制
4.登录pg库，创建扩展插件oracle_fdw–此操作只需在主库操作即可，备库自动同步。
create extension oracle_fdw;
5.创建连接oracle的外部表相关–此操作只需在主库操作即可，备库自动同步。
CREATE SERVER oradb FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER oracle_fdw OPTIONS (dbserver '//192.168.207.39:1521/oradb'); GRANT USAGE ON FOREIGN SERVER oradb TO pguser; CREATE USER MAPPING FOR pguser SERVER oradb OPTIONS (user 'orauser', password 'abcd1234'); 两种创建方式：第2种更方便，无需列出字段及类型。 1） CREATE FOREIGN TABLE TEST1( LOGDATE DATE , FLDID VARCHAR, xxx... ) SERVER oradb OPTIONS (SCHEMA 'ORAUSER', TABLE 'TEST1');--注意大写字母SCHEMA 'ORAUSER', TABLE 'TEST1' 2）IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA "ORAUSER" LIMIT TO (TEST1,TEST2) FROM SERVER oradb INTO public;--SCHEMA需要注意大写和双引号，否则失败，除了可导入表还可以是视图，很方便。如需要，可考虑增加option参数： OPTIONS (case 'lower', readonly 'true',max_long '32767',sample_percent '100', prefetch '0'); 如下： testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA ORAUSER LIMIT TO (TEST1) FROM SERVER oradb INTO public; ERROR: remote schema "orauser" does not exist HINT: Enclose the schema name in double quotes to prevent case folding. testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA "orauser" LIMIT TO (TEST1) FROM SERVER oradb INTO public; ERROR: remote schema "orauser" does not exist HINT: Enclose the schema name in double quotes to prevent case folding. testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA orauser LIMIT TO (TEST1) FROM SERVER oradb INTO public; ERROR: remote schema "orauser" does not exist HINT: Enclose the schema name in double quotes to prevent case folding. 检查配置 \det+ \des+ \deu+ \dew+复制
关于IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA问题，在问答中有参考：https://www.modb.pro/issue/13960
以下为实操记录（已替换敏感信息，遇到的问题及处理都按如下操作记录展示）
[user@pgdb ~]$ sudo -i -u root [sudo] password for user: Last login: Mon Mar 7 15:59:49 CST 2022 on pts/3 [root@pgdb ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root 20G 9.9G 11G 50% / devtmpfs 48G 0 48G 0% /dev tmpfs 48G 616K 48G 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 48G 4.1G 44G 9% /run tmpfs 48G 0 48G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 1011M 179M 833M 18% /boot /dev/mapper/sftp-lv_sftp 1.1T 784G 316G 72% /sftp /dev/mapper/VolGroup-home 10G 2.6G 7.5G 26% /home /dev/mapper/VolGroup-tmp 10G 33M 10G 1% /tmp /dev/mapper/VolGroup-opt 40G 379M 40G 1% /opt /dev/mapper/VolGroup-app 609G 465G 145G 77% /app /dev/mapper/VolGroup-var 10G 3.3G 6.8G 33% /var tmpfs 9.5G 0 9.5G 0% /run/user/2001 tmpfs 9.5G 0 9.5G 0% /run/user/1000 tmpfs 9.5G 0 9.5G 0% /run/user/1011 tmpfs 9.5G 0 9.5G 0% /run/user/1016 tmpfs 9.5G 0 9.5G 0% /run/user/1015 tmpfs 9.5G 0 9.5G 0% /run/user/1014 tmpfs 9.5G 0 9.5G 0% /run/user/2002 tmpfs 9.5G 0 9.5G 0% /run/user/1010 [root@pgdb ~]# cd /opt [root@pgdb opt]# mkdir oracle [root@pgdb opt]# chmod -R 777 /opt/oracle [root@pgdb opt]# cd oracle/ [root@pgdb oracle]# ll total 69044 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 68965195 Mar 9 16:35 instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 674743 Mar 9 16:35 instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 904309 Mar 9 16:35 instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 150692 Mar 9 16:40 oracle_fdw-2.4.0.zip [root@pgdb oracle]# mv oracle_fdw-2.4.0.zip ../ [root@pgdb oracle]# unzip instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip Archive: instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip inflating: instantclient_12_2/adrci inflating: instantclient_12_2/BASIC_README inflating: instantclient_12_2/genezi inflating: instantclient_12_2/libclntshcore.so.12.1 inflating: instantclient_12_2/libclntsh.so.12.1 inflating: instantclient_12_2/libipc1.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/libmql1.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/libnnz12.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/libocci.so.12.1 inflating: instantclient_12_2/libociei.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/libocijdbc12.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/libons.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/liboramysql12.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/ojdbc8.jar inflating: instantclient_12_2/uidrvci inflating: instantclient_12_2/xstreams.jar [root@pgdb oracle]# unzip instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip Archive: instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip creating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/ inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/ott extracting: instantclient_12_2/sdk/ottclasses.zip inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/SDK_README creating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/ inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/setuporamysql.sh inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/occiobj.typ inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/occidml.cpp inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/occidemo.sql inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/occiobj.cpp inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/occidemod.sql inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/oraaccess.xml inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/demo.mk inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/demo/cdemo81.c creating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/occiControl.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/oro.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ociapr.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/occiCommon.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/occiData.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/oci8dp.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ociextp.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/orl.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/nzt.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ldap.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/occi.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ociap.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/odci.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ocixstream.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/nzerror.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/oci1.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ori.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ocixmldb.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ocidem.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/occiAQ.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ocidef.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/occiObjects.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/oci.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/oratypes.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/orid.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/xa.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ocikpr.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ocidfn.h inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/include/ort.h creating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/admin/ inflating: instantclient_12_2/sdk/admin/oraaccess.xsd [root@pgdb oracle]# unzip instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip Archive: instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip inflating: instantclient_12_2/glogin.sql inflating: instantclient_12_2/libsqlplusic.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/libsqlplus.so inflating: instantclient_12_2/sqlplus inflating: instantclient_12_2/SQLPLUS_README [root@pgdb oracle]# ll total 68900 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 10 09:35 instantclient_12_2 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 68965195 Mar 9 16:35 instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 674743 Mar 9 16:35 instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 904309 Mar 9 16:35 instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip [root@pgdb oracle]# mv instantclient_12_2/ instantclient [root@pgdb oracle]# vi /etc/profile # /etc/profile # System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup # Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc # It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you # are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in # /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this # will prevent the need for merging in future updates. pathmunge () { case ":${PATH}:" in *:"$1":*) ;; *) if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then PATH=$PATH:$1 else PATH=$1:$PATH fi esac } if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then # ksh workaround EUID=`/usr/bin/id -u` UID=`/usr/bin/id -ru` fi USER="`/usr/bin/id -un`" LOGNAME=$USER MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER" fi # Path manipulation if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then pathmunge /usr/sbin pathmunge /usr/local/sbin else pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after pathmunge /usr/sbin after fi HOSTNAME=`/usr/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null` HISTSIZE=1000 if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth else export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups fi export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL # By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell # Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200 # You could check uidgid reservation validity in # /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`/usr/bin/id -gn`" = "`/usr/bin/id -un`" ]; then umask 002 else umask 022 fi for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do if [ -r "$i" ]; then if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then . "$i" else . "$i" >/dev/null fi fi done unset i unset -f pathmunge export TZ=Asia/Shanghai export TMOUT=0 PATH=$PATH:/app/pgsql/bin export PROTOBUF_HOME=/usr/local/protobuf-3.10.1 export PATH=$GCC_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUF_HOME/bin:$PATH export PROTOBUF_HOME=/usr/local/protobuf-3.10.1 export PROTOBUFC_HOME=/usr/local/protobuf-c-1.3.2 export PATH=$PROTOBUFC_HOME/bin:$GCC_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUF_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUFC_HOME/bin:$PATH export CMAKE_HOME=/usr/local/cmake-3.21.1 export PATH=$GCC_HOME/bin:$CMAKE_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUF_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUFC_HOME/bin:$PATH export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/protobuf-c-1.3.2/lib/pkgconfi:/usr/local/protobuf-3.10.1/lib/pkgconfig:/usr/local/sqlite/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH export PGDATA=/app/pgsql/data export PGHOME=/app/pgsql export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:. export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/instantclient export OCI_LIB_DIR=$ORACLE_HOME export OCI_INC_DIR=$ORACLE_HOME/sdk/include export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$GCC_HOME/bin:$CMAKE_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUF_HOME/bin:$PROTOBUFC_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME:$PATH "/etc/profile" 96L, 2850C written [root@pgdb oracle]# source /etc/profile [root@pgdb oracle]# echo $ORACLE_HOME /opt/oracle/instantclient [root@pgdb oracle]# pwd /opt/oracle [root@pgdb oracle]# cd /opt [root@pgdb opt]# ll total 148 drwxrwxrwx 5 root root 125 Sep 8 2021 dcits drwxrwxrwx 3 root root 183 Mar 10 09:35 oracle -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 150692 Mar 9 16:40 oracle_fdw-2.4.0.zip drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 26 2015 rh [root@pgdb opt]# unzip oracle_fdw-2.4.0.zip Archive: oracle_fdw-2.4.0.zip creating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/ inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/TODO creating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/expected/ inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/expected/oracle_join.out inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/expected/oracle_fdw.out inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/expected/oracle_gis.out inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/expected/oracle_import.out creating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/msvc/ inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/msvc/oracle_fdw.sln inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/msvc/oracle_fdw.vcxproj inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/msvc/oracle_msvc.c inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/msvc/oracle_fdw.props inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/Makefile inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/CHANGELOG inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/oracle_fdw.h inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/oracle_fdw--1.0--1.1.sql inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/oracle_fdw--1.1--1.2.sql inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/oracle_fdw.c inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/oracle_fdw.control inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/oracle_fdw--1.2.sql inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/oracle_gis.c inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/META.json creating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/sql/ inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/sql/oracle_join.sql inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/sql/oracle_gis.sql inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/sql/oracle_fdw.sql inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/sql/oracle_import.sql inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/oracle_utils.c inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/LICENSE inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/README.md inflating: oracle_fdw-2.4.0/README.oracle_fdw [root@pgdb opt]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) [root@pgdb opt]# cd oracle_fdw-2.4.0/ [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# make gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/sdk/include" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/oci/include" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/rdbms/public" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/" -I/usr/include/oracle/21/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.12/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.12/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.11/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.11/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.10/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.10/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.9/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.9/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.8/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.8/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.6/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.6/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.3/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/18.5/client -I/usr/include/oracle/18.5/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/18.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/18.3/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/12.1/client -I/usr/include/oracle/12.1/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/11.2/client -I/usr/include/oracle/11.2/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client -I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.5/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.5/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.4/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.3/client64 -I. -I./ -I/app/pgsql/include/server -I/app/pgsql/include/internal -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o oracle_fdw.o oracle_fdw.c gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/sdk/include" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/oci/include" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/rdbms/public" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/" -I/usr/include/oracle/21/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.12/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.12/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.11/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.11/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.10/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.10/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.9/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.9/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.8/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.8/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.6/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.6/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.3/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/18.5/client -I/usr/include/oracle/18.5/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/18.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/18.3/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/12.1/client -I/usr/include/oracle/12.1/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/11.2/client -I/usr/include/oracle/11.2/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client -I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.5/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.5/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.4/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.3/client64 -I. -I./ -I/app/pgsql/include/server -I/app/pgsql/include/internal -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o oracle_utils.o oracle_utils.c gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/sdk/include" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/oci/include" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/rdbms/public" -I"/opt/oracle/instantclient/" -I/usr/include/oracle/21/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.12/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.12/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.11/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.11/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.10/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.10/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.9/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.9/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.8/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.8/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.6/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.6/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/19.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/19.3/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/18.5/client -I/usr/include/oracle/18.5/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/18.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/18.3/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/12.1/client -I/usr/include/oracle/12.1/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/11.2/client -I/usr/include/oracle/11.2/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client -I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.5/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.5/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.4/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64 -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.3/client -I/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.3/client64 -I. -I./ -I/app/pgsql/include/server -I/app/pgsql/include/internal -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o oracle_gis.o oracle_gis.c gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -shared -o oracle_fdw.so oracle_fdw.o oracle_utils.o oracle_gis.o -L/app/pgsql/lib -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath,'/app/pgsql/lib',--enable-new-dtags -L"/opt/oracle/instantclient/" -L"/opt/oracle/instantclient/bin" -L"/opt/oracle/instantclient/lib" -L"/opt/oracle/instantclient/lib/amd64" -lclntsh -L/usr/lib/oracle/21/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.12/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.12/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.11/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.11/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.10/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.10/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.8/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.8/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.6/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.6/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.3/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.3/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/18.5/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/18.5/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/18.3/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/18.3/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.5/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.5/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.3/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.3/client64/lib /bin/ld: cannot find -lclntsh collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [oracle_fdw.so] Error 1 [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# cd /opt/oracle/instantclient/ [root@pgdb instantclient]# ln -sv libclntsh.so.12.1 libclntsh.so ‘libclntsh.so’ -> ‘libclntsh.so.12.1’ [root@pgdb instantclient]# ll libclntsh.so lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Mar 10 09:48 libclntsh.so -> libclntsh.so.12.1 [root@pgdb instantclient]# cd /opt/oracle_fdw-2.4.0 [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# make gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -shared -o oracle_fdw.so oracle_fdw.o oracle_utils.o oracle_gis.o -L/app/pgsql/lib -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath,'/app/pgsql/lib',--enable-new-dtags -L"/opt/oracle/instantclient/" -L"/opt/oracle/instantclient/bin" -L"/opt/oracle/instantclient/lib" -L"/opt/oracle/instantclient/lib/amd64" -lclntsh -L/usr/lib/oracle/21/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.12/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.12/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.11/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.11/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.10/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.10/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.8/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.8/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.6/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.6/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.3/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/19.3/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/18.5/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/18.5/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/18.3/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/18.3/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.5/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.5/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.3/client/lib -L/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.3/client64/lib [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# make install /bin/mkdir -p '/app/pgsql/lib' /bin/mkdir -p '/app/pgsql/share/extension' /bin/mkdir -p '/app/pgsql/share/extension' /bin/mkdir -p '/app/pgsql/share/doc/extension' /bin/install -c -m 755 oracle_fdw.so '/app/pgsql/lib/oracle_fdw.so' /bin/install -c -m 644 .//oracle_fdw.control '/app/pgsql/share/extension/' /bin/install -c -m 644 .//oracle_fdw--1.2.sql .//oracle_fdw--1.0--1.1.sql .//oracle_fdw--1.1--1.2.sql '/app/pgsql/share/extension/' /bin/install -c -m 644 .//README.oracle_fdw '/app/pgsql/share/doc/extension/' [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# ll oracle_fdw.so -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 165504 Mar 10 09:48 oracle_fdw.so [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# su - postgres Last login: Thu Mar 10 09:45:01 CST 2022 [postgres@pgdb ~]$ repmgr cluster show ID | Name | Role | Status | Upstream | Location | Priority | Timeline | Connection string ----+------+---------+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | pgdb | primary | * running | | default | 100 | 11 | host=192.168.208.7 user=postgres dbname=postgres connect_timeout=2 2 | pg08 | standby | running | pgdb | default | 100 | 11 | host=192.168.208.8 user=postgres dbname=postgres connect_timeout=2 [postgres@pgdb ~]$ psql -h pgdb Password for user postgres: psql (12.4) Type "help" for help. postgres=# \l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+----------------------- testdb | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =Tc/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres+ | | | | | pubuser=CTc/postgres + | | | | | jzshuser=CTc/postgres postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =T/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres wyzcdb | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | postgres=CTc/postgres+ | | | | | wyzc=CTc/postgres (5 rows) postgres=# \c testdb You are now connected to database "testdb" as user "postgres". testdb=# \dx List of installed extensions Name | Version | Schema | Description ----------------+---------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------ pgrouting | 2.6.3 | public | pgRouting Extension plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language postgis | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS geometry and geography spatial types and functions postgis_raster | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS raster types and functions postgis_sfcgal | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS SFCGAL functions (5 rows) testdb=# create extension oracle_fdw; ERROR: could not load library "/app/pgsql/lib/oracle_fdw.so": libclntsh.so.12.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory testdb=# \q [postgres@pgdb ~]$ exit logout 处理办法： ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------上述 [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# echo $ORACLE_HOME > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle.conf [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle.conf /opt/oracle/instantclient [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# ldconfig ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@pgdb oracle_fdw-2.4.0]# su - postgres Last login: Thu Mar 10 09:50:01 CST 2022 [postgres@pgdb ~]$ psql -h pgdb Password for user postgres: psql (12.4) Type "help" for help. postgres=# \c testdb You are now connected to database "testdb" as user "postgres". testdb=# \dx List of installed extensions Name | Version | Schema | Description ----------------+---------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------ pgrouting | 2.6.3 | public | pgRouting Extension plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language postgis | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS geometry and geography spatial types and functions postgis_raster | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS raster types and functions postgis_sfcgal | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS SFCGAL functions (5 rows) testdb=# create extension oracle_fdw; CREATE EXTENSION testdb=# \dx List of installed extensions Name | Version | Schema | Description ----------------+---------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------ oracle_fdw | 1.2 | public | foreign data wrapper for Oracle access pgrouting | 2.6.3 | public | pgRouting Extension plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language postgis | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS geometry and geography spatial types and functions postgis_raster | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS raster types and functions postgis_sfcgal | 3.1.3 | public | PostGIS SFCGAL functions (6 rows) testdb=#复制
pg配置连接oracle数据库的操作：
testdb=> \c testdb postgres Password for user postgres: You are now connected to database "testdb" as user "postgres". testdb=# \dx List of installed extensions Name | Version | Schema | Description ------------+---------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle_fdw | 1.2 | public | foreign data wrapper for Oracle access pg_trgm | 1.4 | public | text similarity measurement and index searching based on trigrams plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language (3 rows) testdb=# CREATE SERVER oradb FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER oracle_fdw OPTIONS (dbserver '//192.168.208.40:1521/oradb'); CREATE SERVER testdb=# \dew List of foreign-data wrappers Name | Owner | Handler | Validator ------------+----------+--------------------+---------------------- oracle_fdw | postgres | oracle_fdw_handler | oracle_fdw_validator (1 row) testdb=# GRANT USAGE ON FOREIGN SERVER oradb TO postgres; GRANT testdb=# GRANT USAGE ON FOREIGN SERVER oradb TO pguser; GRANT testdb=# \deu List of user mappings Server | User name --------+----------- (0 rows) testdb=# \def invalid command \def Try \? for help. testdb=# \des List of foreign servers Name | Owner | Foreign-data wrapper ------------+----------+---------------------- oradb | postgres | oracle_fdw (1 row) testdb=# \des+ List of foreign servers Name | Owner | Foreign-data wrapper | Access privileges | Type | Version | FDW options | Description ------------+----------+----------------------+---------------------+------+---------+--------------------------------------------+------------- oradb | postgres | oracle_fdw | postgres=U/postgres+| | | (dbserver '//192.168.208.40:1521/oradb') | | | | pguser=U/postgres | | | | (1 row) testdb=# \det List of foreign tables Schema | Table | Server ----------+--------------------------+------------ pguser | TEST1 | oradb (1 row) testdb=# \det+ List of foreign tables Schema | Table | Server | FDW options | Description ----------+--------------------------+------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------- pguser | TEST1 | oradb | (schema 'orauser', "table" 'TEST1') | (1 row) testdb=# \des+ List of foreign servers Name | Owner | Foreign-data wrapper | Access privileges | Type | Version | FDW options | Description ------------+----------+----------------------+---------------------+------+---------+--------------------------------------------+------------- oradb | postgres | oracle_fdw | postgres=U/postgres+| | | (dbserver '//192.168.208.40:1521/oradb') | | | | pguser=U/postgres | | | | (1 row) testdb=# \deu+ List of user mappings Server | User name | FDW options ------------+-----------+------------------------------------------- oradb | pguser | ("user" 'orauser', password 'abcd1234') oradb | postgres | ("user" 'orauser', password 'abcd1234') (2 rows) testdb=# \dew+ List of foreign-data wrappers Name | Owner | Handler | Validator | Access privileges | FDW options | Description ------------+----------+---------------------------+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------+----------------------------- oracle_fdw | postgres | public.oracle_fdw_handler | public.oracle_fdw_validator | | | Oracle foreign data wrapper (1 row) testdb=# set search_path=pguser; SET testdb=# show search_path; search_path ------------- pguser (1 row) testdb=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner ----------+----------------------------------+-------+---------- pguser | j | table | pguser (36 rows) testdb=# \c You are now connected to database "testdb" as user "postgres". testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA "orauser" LIMIT TO (TEST1) FROM SERVER oradb INTO pguser; ERROR: remote schema "orauser" does not exist HINT: Enclose the schema name in double quotes to prevent case folding. [postgres@ydw02 ~]$ psql -h 192.168.208.7 -U postgres testdb Password for user postgres: psql (12.4) Type "help" for help. testdb=# show search_path; search_path ----------------- "$user", public (1 row) testdb=# set search_path=pguser; SET testdb=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner ----------+----------------------------------+-------+---------- pguser | j | table | pguser testdb=# \des List of foreign servers Name | Owner | Foreign-data wrapper ------------+----------+---------------------- oradb | postgres | oracle_fdw (1 row) testdb=#CREATE FOREIGN TABLE TEST1( LOGDATE DATE , FLDID VARCHAR, FLDTAG VARCHAR, ENBCODE VARCHAR, ENBNAME VARCHAR, STATION_ID VARCHAR, VENDORNAME VARCHAR, METYPE VARCHAR, IPADDR VARCHAR, NETWORKMASK VARCHAR, GATEWAYIP VARCHAR, EGRESSMBR VARCHAR, REMOTEADDR1 VARCHAR, REMOTEADDR2 VARCHAR, SWVERSION VARCHAR, RADIOMODE VARCHAR, OPERATIONALSTATE VARCHAR, STATE VARCHAR, SOURCE_IDENTIFICATION VARCHAR, SOURCE_TYPE VARCHAR, SOURCE_VENDER VARCHAR, SOURCE_NAME VARCHAR, DISTRICT VARCHAR, MAINTENANCE_AREA VARCHAR, MAINTENANCE VARCHAR, TENDERS VARCHAR, AREA VARCHAR, COVER_TYPE VARCHAR, BTSID VARCHAR, BSC VARCHAR, RADIUS VARCHAR, LONGITUDE numeric, LATITUDE numeric, CPU_LOAD VARCHAR, CPU_LOAD_PJ VARCHAR, BTSTYPENAME VARCHAR, OBJECTID VARCHAR, CHECK_STATE VARCHAR, SHAPE_PARAM VARCHAR, ISADD VARCHAR, ISPROSTATE VARCHAR, L800 VARCHAR, USERLABEL VARCHAR, SALES_UNIT VARCHAR, CREATETIME DATE , ISDELETE VARCHAR, SITE VARCHAR, INTERSECTION VARCHAR, INTERSECTION_TIME VARCHAR, SITE_NAME VARCHAR, USERLABEL_XY VARCHAR, USER_TYPES VARCHAR, SOURCE_NUMBER numeric, COMMUNITY_TYPE VARCHAR, COMMUNITY_RRU numeric, STATION_NAME VARCHAR, UPDATEMAIN_DATE DATE , IMPTYPE VARCHAR, GRID_LAYOUT VARCHAR, IS_TY_CHANGE VARCHAR, OLD_STATE VARCHAR, BREAKDAYS numeric, BREAKTIME DATE , BUILDER VARCHAR, BREAKREASON VARCHAR, SJ_LONGITUDE numeric, SJ_LATITUDE numeric, WG_LONGITUDE numeric, WG_LATITUDE numeric, COOR_TYPE VARCHAR, CURRMONTH_BREAKDAYS numeric, PROGRAMENUM VARCHAR, DESIGNER VARCHAR, SUPERVISOR VARCHAR, DCIP VARCHAR, DCOMC VARCHAR, BSNUM VARCHAR ) SERVER oradb OPTIONS (SCHEMA 'ORAUSER', TABLE 'TEST1'); testdb=# select * from TEST1 limit 2 offset 0; logdate | fldid | fldtag | enbcode | enbname | station_id | vendorname | metype | ipaddr | networkmask | gatewayip | egressmbr | remoteaddr1 | remoteaddr2 | swversion | radiomode | operationalstate | state | source_identification | source_type | source_vender | source_name | district | maintenance_a rea | maintenance | tenders | area | cover_type | btsid | bsc | radius | longitude | latitude | cpu_load | cpu_load_pj | btstypename | objectid | check_state | shape_p aram | isadd | isprostate | l800 | userlabel | sales_unit | createtime | isdelete | site | intersection | intersection_time | site_name | userlabel_xy | user_types | source_number | community_type | community_rru | station_name | updatemain_date | imptype | grid_layout | is_ty_change | old_state | breakdays | break time | builder | breakreason | sj_longitude | sj_latitude | wg_longitude | wg_latitude | coor_type | currmonth_breakdays | programenum | designer | supervisor | dcip | dcomc | bs num ------------+-------------------+---------+---------+------------------+------------+------------+--------+-------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+------------- +-------------+------------------------------+-----------+------------------+-------+-----------------------+-------------+---------------+-------------+----------+-------------- ----+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------+-----+--------+-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+----------+-------------+---------------- -------------+-------+------------+------+-----------+--------------+------------+----------+--------------------+--------------+---------------------+-------------------------+- -------------+------------+---------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+-----------------+---------+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------ -----+---------+-------------+--------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------+----------+------------+------+-------+--- ---- 2020-05-07 | 99999999182369779 | orauser002 | 113847 | ZHT_DX大兴 | 20248811 | ZTE | BS8700 | 6.1.10.206 | 255.255.255.252 | 6.1.103.205 | 1000 | 6... (2 rows) testdb=# \det TEST1 List of foreign tables Schema | Table | Server ----------+--------------------------+------------ pguser | TEST1 | oradb (1 row) testdb=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner ----------+----------------------------------+-------+---------- pguser | j | table | pguser (36 rows) testdb=# select * from TEST1 limit 1 offset 0; logdate | fldid | fldtag | enbcode | enbname | station_id | vendorname | metype | ipaddr | networkmask | gatewayip | egressmbr | remoteaddr1 | remoteaddr2 | swversion | radiomode | operationalstate | state | source_identification | source_type | source_vender | source_name | district | maintenance_a rea | maintenance | tenders | area | cover_type | btsid | bsc | radius | longitude | latitude | cpu_load | cpu_load_pj | btstypename | objectid | check_state | shape_p aram | isadd | isprostate | l800 | userlabel | sales_unit | createtime | isdelete | site | intersection | intersection_time | site_name | userlabel_xy | user_types | source_number | community_type | community_rru | station_name | updatemain_date | imptype | grid_layout | is_ty_change | old_state | breakdays | break time | builder | breakreason | sj_longitude | sj_latitude | wg_longitude | wg_latitude | coor_type | currmonth_breakdays | programenum | designer | supervisor | dcip | dcomc | bs num ------------+-------------------+---------+---------+------------------+------------+------------+--------+-------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+------------- +-------------+------------------------------+-----------+------------------+-------+-----------------------+-------------+---------------+-------------+----------+-------------- ----+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------+-----+--------+-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+----------+-------------+---------------- -------------+-------+------------+------+-----------+--------------+------------+----------+--------------------+--------------+---------------------+-------------------------+- -------------+------------+---------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+-----------------+---------+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------ -----+---------+-------------+--------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------+----------+------------+------+-------+--- ---- 2020-05-07 | 99999999182369779 | orauser002 | 113847 | ZHT_DX大兴 | 20248811 | ZTE | BS8700 | 6.1.10.206 | 255.255.255.252 | 6.1.103.205 | 1000 | 6 (1 row) testdb=# show search_path; search_path ------------- pguser (1 row) testdb=# testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA "orauser" testdb-# LIMIT TO (TEST1) testdb-# FROM SERVER oradb testdb-# INTO public testdb-# OPTIONS (case 'lower', readonly 'true',max_long '32767',sample_percent '1', prefetch '0'); IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA testdb=# \det List of foreign tables Schema | Table | Server --------+--------------------------+------------ public | TEST1 | oradb (1 row) testdb=# select * from TEST1 limit 1 offset 0; logdate | fldid | fldtag | enbcode | enbname | station_id | vendorname | metype | ipaddr | networkmask | gatewayip | egressmbr | remoteaddr 1 | remoteaddr2 | swversion | radiomode | operationalstate | state | source_identification | source_type | source_vender | source_name | district | maintenance_area | maintenance | tenders | area | cover_type | btsid | bsc | radius | longitude | latitude | cpu_load | cpu_load_pj | btstypename | objectid | check_state | shape_param | isadd | isprostate | l800 | userlabel | sales_unit | createtime | isdelete | site | intersection | intersection_time | site_name | user label_xy | user_types | source_number | community_type | community_rru | station_name | updatemain_date | imptype | grid_layout | is_ty_change | old_state | breakdays | breaktime | builder | breakreason | sj_longitude | sj_latitude | wg_longitude | wg_latitude | coor_type | currmonth_breakdays | programenum | designer | supervisor | dcip | dcomc | bsnum ---------------------+-------------------+---------+---------+------------------+------------+------------+--------+-------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+----------- --+-------------+------------------------------+-----------+------------------+-------+-----------------------+-------------+---------------+-------------+----------+------------------+ -------------+---------+--------+------------+--------+-----+--------+--------------+-------------+----------+-------------+-------------+----------+-------------+---------------------- -------+-------+------------+------+-----------+--------------+---------------------+----------+--------------------+--------------+---------------------+-------------------------+----- ---------+------------+---------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+---------------------+---------+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+- --------+-------------+--------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------+----------+------------+------+-------+------- 2020-05-07 | 99999999182369779 | orauser002 | 113847 | ZHT_DX大兴 | 20248811 | ZTE | BS8700 | 6.1.10.206 | 255.255.255.252 | 6.1.103.205 | 1000 | 6 (1 row) testdb=# drop foreign table TEST1; DROP FOREIGN TABLE testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA "ORAUSER" LIMIT TO (TEST1) FROM SERVER oradb INTO public; IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA testdb=# drop foreign table TEST1; DROP FOREIGN TABLE testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA orauser LIMIT TO (TEST1) FROM SERVER oradb INTO public; ERROR: remote schema "orauser" does not exist HINT: Enclose the schema name in double quotes to prevent case folding. testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA "orauser" LIMIT TO (TEST1) FROM SERVER oradb INTO public; ERROR: remote schema "orauser" does not exist HINT: Enclose the schema name in double quotes to prevent case folding. testdb=# create schema jyc; CREATE SCHEMA testdb=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA "ORAUSER" LIMIT TO (TEST1) FROM SERVER oradb INTO jyc; IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA testdb=# set search_path=jyc; SET testdb=# \dt Did not find any relations. testdb=# \det List of foreign tables Schema | Table | Server --------+--------------------------+------------ jyc | TEST1 | oradb (1 row) testdb=# select * from TEST1 limit 1; logdate | fldid | fldtag | enbcode | enbname | station_id | vendorname | metype | ipaddr | networkmask | gatewayip | egressmbr | remoteaddr 1 | remoteaddr2 | swversion | radiomode | operationalstate | state | source_identification | source_type | source_vender | source_name | district | maintenance_area | maintenance | tenders | area | cover_type | btsid | bsc | radius | longitude | latitude | cpu_load | cpu_load_pj | btstypename | objectid | check_state | shape_param | isadd | isprostate | l800 | userlabel | sales_unit | createtime | isdelete | site | intersection | intersection_time | site_name | user label_xy | user_types | source_number | community_type | community_rru | station_name | updatemain_date | imptype | grid_layout | is_ty_change | old_state | breakdays | breaktime | builder | breakreason | sj_longitude | sj_latitude | wg_longitude | wg_latitude | coor_type | currmonth_breakdays | programenum | designer | supervisor | dcip | dcomc | bsnum ---------------------+-------------------+---------+---------+------------------+------------+------------+--------+-------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+----------- --+-------------+------------------------------+-----------+------------------+-------+-----------------------+-------------+---------------+-------------+----------+------------------+ -------------+---------+--------+------------+--------+-----+--------+--------------+-------------+----------+-------------+-------------+----------+-------------+---------------------- -------+-------+------------+------+-----------+--------------+---------------------+----------+--------------------+--------------+---------------------+-------------------------+----- ---------+------------+---------------+----------------+---------------+--------------+---------------------+---------+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+- --------+-------------+--------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------+----------+------------+------+-------+------- 2020-05-07 | 99999999182369779 | orauser002 | 113847 | ZHT_DX大兴 | 20248811 | ZTE | BS8700 | 6.1.10.206 | 255.255.255.252 | 6.1.103.205 | 1000 | 6 (1 row) testdb=# testdb=# SELECT a.attnum, testdb-# a.attname AS field, testdb-# t.typname AS type, testdb-# a.attlen AS length, testdb-# a.atttypmod AS lengthvar, testdb-# a.attnotnull AS notnull, testdb-# b.description AS comment testdb-# FROM pg_class c, testdb-# pg_attribute a testdb-# LEFT OUTER JOIN pg_description b ON a.attrelid=b.objoid AND a.attnum = b.objsubid, testdb-# pg_type t testdb-# WHERE c.relname = 'TEST1' testdb-# and a.attnum > 0 testdb-# and a.attrelid = c.oid testdb-# and a.atttypid = t.oid testdb-# ORDER BY a.attnum; attnum | field | type | length | lengthvar | notnull | comment --------+-----------------------+-----------+--------+-----------+---------+--------- 1 | logdate | date | 4 | -1 | f | 1 | logdate | timestamp | 8 | 0 | f | 2 | fldid | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 2 | fldid | varchar | -1 | 36 | t | 3 | fldtag | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 3 | fldtag | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 4 | enbcode | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 4 | enbcode | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 5 | enbname | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 5 | enbname | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 6 | station_id | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 6 | station_id | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 7 | vendorname | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 7 | vendorname | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 8 | metype | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 8 | metype | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 9 | ipaddr | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 9 | ipaddr | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 10 | networkmask | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 10 | networkmask | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 11 | gatewayip | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 11 | gatewayip | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 12 | egressmbr | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 12 | egressmbr | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 13 | remoteaddr1 | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 13 | remoteaddr1 | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 14 | remoteaddr2 | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 14 | remoteaddr2 | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 15 | swversion | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 15 | swversion | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 16 | radiomode | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 16 | radiomode | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 17 | operationalstate | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 17 | operationalstate | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 18 | state | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 18 | state | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 19 | source_identification | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 19 | source_identification | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 20 | source_type | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 20 | source_type | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 21 | source_vender | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 21 | source_vender | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 22 | source_name | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 22 | source_name | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 23 | district | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 23 | district | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 24 | maintenance_area | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 24 | maintenance_area | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 25 | maintenance | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 25 | maintenance | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 26 | tenders | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 26 | tenders | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 27 | area | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 27 | area | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 28 | cover_type | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 28 | cover_type | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 29 | btsid | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 29 | btsid | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 30 | bsc | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 30 | bsc | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 31 | radius | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 31 | radius | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 32 | longitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 32 | longitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 33 | latitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 33 | latitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 34 | cpu_load | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 34 | cpu_load | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 35 | cpu_load_pj | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 35 | cpu_load_pj | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 36 | btstypename | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 36 | btstypename | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 37 | objectid | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 37 | objectid | varchar | -1 | 24 | f | 38 | check_state | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 38 | check_state | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 39 | shape_param | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 39 | shape_param | varchar | -1 | 132 | f | 40 | isadd | varchar | -1 | 36 | f | 40 | isadd | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 41 | isprostate | varchar | -1 | 36 | f | 41 | isprostate | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 42 | l800 | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 42 | l800 | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 43 | userlabel | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 43 | userlabel | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 44 | sales_unit | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 44 | sales_unit | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 45 | createtime | timestamp | 8 | 0 | f | 45 | createtime | date | 4 | -1 | f | 46 | isdelete | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 46 | isdelete | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 47 | site | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 47 | site | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 48 | intersection | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 48 | intersection | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 49 | intersection_time | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 49 | intersection_time | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 50 | site_name | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 50 | site_name | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 51 | userlabel_xy | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 51 | userlabel_xy | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 52 | user_types | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 52 | user_types | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 53 | source_number | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 53 | source_number | numeric | -1 | 1572868 | f | 54 | community_type | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 54 | community_type | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 55 | community_rru | numeric | -1 | 1572868 | f | 55 | community_rru | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 56 | station_name | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 56 | station_name | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 57 | updatemain_date | timestamp | 8 | 0 | f | 57 | updatemain_date | date | 4 | -1 | f | 58 | imptype | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 58 | imptype | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 59 | grid_layout | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 59 | grid_layout | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 60 | is_ty_change | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 60 | is_ty_change | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 61 | old_state | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 61 | old_state | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 62 | breakdays | int4 | 4 | -1 | f | 62 | breakdays | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 63 | breaktime | date | 4 | -1 | f | 63 | breaktime | timestamp | 8 | 0 | f | 64 | builder | varchar | -1 | 132 | f | 64 | builder | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 65 | breakreason | varchar | -1 | 132 | f | 65 | breakreason | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 66 | sj_longitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 66 | sj_longitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 67 | sj_latitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 67 | sj_latitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 68 | wg_longitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 68 | wg_longitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 69 | wg_latitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 69 | wg_latitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 70 | coor_type | varchar | -1 | 14 | f | 70 | coor_type | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 71 | currmonth_breakdays | int2 | 2 | -1 | f | 71 | currmonth_breakdays | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 72 | programenum | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 72 | programenum | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 73 | designer | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 73 | designer | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 74 | supervisor | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 74 | supervisor | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 75 | dcip | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 75 | dcip | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 76 | dcomc | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 76 | dcomc | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 77 | bsnum | varchar | -1 | 128 | f | 77 | bsnum | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | (154 rows) testdb=# set search_path=pguser; SET testdb=# \det List of foreign tables Schema | Table | Server ----------+--------------------------+------------ pguser | TEST1 | oradb (1 row) 检查表结构的SQL语句参考： testdb=# SELECT a.attnum, a.attname AS field, t.typname AS type, a.attlen AS length, a.atttypmod AS lengthvar, a.attnotnull AS notnull, b.description AS comment FROM pg_class c, pg_attribute a LEFT OUTER JOIN pg_description b ON a.attrelid=b.objoid AND a.attnum = b.objsubid, pg_type t WHERE c.relname = 'TEST1' and a.attnum > 0 and a.attrelid = c.oid and a.atttypid = t.oid ORDER BY a.attnum; attnum | field | type | length | lengthvar | notnull | comment --------+-----------------------+-----------+--------+-----------+---------+--------- 1 | logdate | date | 4 | -1 | f | 1 | logdate | timestamp | 8 | 0 | f | 2 | fldid | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 2 | fldid | varchar | -1 | 36 | t | 3 | fldtag | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 3 | fldtag | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 4 | enbcode | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 4 | enbcode | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 5 | enbname | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 5 | enbname | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 6 | station_id | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 6 | station_id | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 7 | vendorname | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 7 | vendorname | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 8 | metype | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 8 | metype | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 9 | ipaddr | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 9 | ipaddr | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 10 | networkmask | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 10 | networkmask | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 11 | gatewayip | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 11 | gatewayip | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 12 | egressmbr | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 12 | egressmbr | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 13 | remoteaddr1 | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 13 | remoteaddr1 | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 14 | remoteaddr2 | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 14 | remoteaddr2 | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 15 | swversion | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 15 | swversion | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 16 | radiomode | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 16 | radiomode | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 17 | operationalstate | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 17 | operationalstate | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 18 | state | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 18 | state | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 19 | source_identification | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 19 | source_identification | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 20 | source_type | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 20 | source_type | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 21 | source_vender | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 21 | source_vender | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 22 | source_name | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 22 | source_name | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 23 | district | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 23 | district | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 24 | maintenance_area | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 24 | maintenance_area | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 25 | maintenance | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 25 | maintenance | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 26 | tenders | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 26 | tenders | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 27 | area | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 27 | area | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 28 | cover_type | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 28 | cover_type | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 29 | btsid | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 29 | btsid | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 30 | bsc | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 30 | bsc | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 31 | radius | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 31 | radius | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 32 | longitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 32 | longitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 33 | latitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 33 | latitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 34 | cpu_load | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 34 | cpu_load | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 35 | cpu_load_pj | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 35 | cpu_load_pj | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 36 | btstypename | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 36 | btstypename | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 37 | objectid | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 37 | objectid | varchar | -1 | 24 | f | 38 | check_state | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 38 | check_state | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 39 | shape_param | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 39 | shape_param | varchar | -1 | 132 | f | 40 | isadd | varchar | -1 | 36 | f | 40 | isadd | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 41 | isprostate | varchar | -1 | 36 | f | 41 | isprostate | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 42 | l800 | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 42 | l800 | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 43 | userlabel | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 43 | userlabel | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 44 | sales_unit | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 44 | sales_unit | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 45 | createtime | timestamp | 8 | 0 | f | 45 | createtime | date | 4 | -1 | f | 46 | isdelete | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 46 | isdelete | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 47 | site | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 47 | site | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 48 | intersection | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 48 | intersection | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 49 | intersection_time | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 49 | intersection_time | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 50 | site_name | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 50 | site_name | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 51 | userlabel_xy | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 51 | userlabel_xy | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 52 | user_types | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 52 | user_types | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 53 | source_number | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 53 | source_number | numeric | -1 | 1572868 | f | 54 | community_type | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 54 | community_type | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 55 | community_rru | numeric | -1 | 1572868 | f | 55 | community_rru | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 56 | station_name | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 56 | station_name | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 57 | updatemain_date | timestamp | 8 | 0 | f | 57 | updatemain_date | date | 4 | -1 | f | 58 | imptype | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 58 | imptype | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 59 | grid_layout | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 59 | grid_layout | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 60 | is_ty_change | varchar | -1 | 1028 | f | 60 | is_ty_change | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 61 | old_state | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 61 | old_state | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 62 | breakdays | int4 | 4 | -1 | f | 62 | breakdays | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 63 | breaktime | date | 4 | -1 | f | 63 | breaktime | timestamp | 8 | 0 | f | 64 | builder | varchar | -1 | 132 | f | 64 | builder | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 65 | breakreason | varchar | -1 | 132 | f | 65 | breakreason | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 66 | sj_longitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 66 | sj_longitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 67 | sj_latitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 67 | sj_latitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 68 | wg_longitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 68 | wg_longitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 69 | wg_latitude | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 69 | wg_latitude | numeric | -1 | 1048588 | f | 70 | coor_type | varchar | -1 | 14 | f | 70 | coor_type | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 71 | currmonth_breakdays | int2 | 2 | -1 | f | 71 | currmonth_breakdays | numeric | -1 | -1 | f | 72 | programenum | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 72 | programenum | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 73 | designer | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 73 | designer | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 74 | supervisor | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 74 | supervisor | varchar | -1 | 68 | f | 75 | dcip | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 75 | dcip | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 76 | dcomc | varchar | -1 | 260 | f | 76 | dcomc | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | 77 | bsnum | varchar | -1 | 128 | f | 77 | bsnum | varchar | -1 | -1 | f | (154 rows) testdb=#复制
小结：
使用oracle_fdw可以很方便的从pg库直接查询oracle中表和视图的信息，甚至对表dml增删改的操作。
另外对于迁移数据也很方便：创建外部表后，可以直接ctas的方式创建出符合pg格式的表。结合ora2pg工具https://ora2pg.darold.net/还可以大大提升迁移数据的速度http://www.migops.com/blog/2021/07/01/ora2pg-now-supports-oracle_fdw-to-increase-the-data-migration-speed/
最后修改时间：2022-03-11 15:27:34
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