Oracle 19C利用Create Database手工创建数据库
除了利用DBCA创建数据库之外，还可以利用Create Database语句手工创建数据库，不过Oracle建议利用DBCA建库，本篇主要探讨如何手工进行数据库的创建。
从其它单点库打包一个相应版本的数据库软件
Root用户登录：
cd /; tar zcvf oracle19.13.tar.gz oracle
将压缩包上传到部署节点/下:
创建用户：
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 5003 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 5004 dba #如果没有dba可能sqlplus登录时报用户名密码错误
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 6003 -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle oracle
echo oracle|passwd --stdin oracle
参数资源限制文件系统等基线参数配置忽略，按其它文档操作即可，这里只整理手工建库步骤部分
root用户登录：
cd /; tar xvf oracle19.13.tar.gz
#删除旧库信息
rm -rf /oracle/admin/*
rm -rf /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/*
rm -rf /oracle/diag/rdbms/*
主要创建过程如下：
一、创建目录
[oracle@test oracle]$ mkdir -p/oracle/admin/testdb/adump #审计文件存放位置
[oracle@test oracle]$ mkdir -p /oracle/oradata/testdb #数据存放位置
[oracle@test oracle]$
二、创建Pfile
[oracle@test oracle]$ vim /oracle/db19c/dbs/inittestdb.ora
*._library_cache_advice=FALSE
*._serial_direct_read='NEVER'
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/admin/testdb/adump'
*.audit_trail='NONE'
*.compatible='19.0.0' #兼容版本
*.control_files='/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl','/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_files=1500
*.db_name='testdb' #库名
*.deferred_segment_creation=FALSE
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=testdbXDB)'
*.event='10949 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER:28401 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER,level 1' #*.local_listener='LISTENER_SJYZDB03'
*.max_dump_file_size='500M'
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'
*.nls_territory='CHINA'
*.open_cursors=2000
*.parallel_force_local=TRUE
*.pga_aggregate_target=1289m
*.processes=1000
*.remote_listener=''
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.session_cached_cursors=200
*.sga_target=5868m
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
#sga和pga这里是按32G物理内存分配的，需要根据实际调整，否则无法起库
三、创建密码文件（这里忽略即可）
[oracle@test oracle]$ orapwd file=/oracle/db19c/dbs/orapwtestdb entries=10
Enter password for SYS:
[oracle@test oracle]$
四、连接实例
[oracle@test oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 Production on Tue Sep 5 05:42:59 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved
Connected to an idle instance.
五、创建SPfile
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
六、启动到NoMount状态
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2254824 bytes
Variable Size 314574872 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 3780608 bytes
SQL>
七、创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE testdb
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY Oracle123
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY Oracle123
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo0101.log','/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo0102.log') SIZE 1000M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 ('/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo0201.log','/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo0202.log') SIZE 1000M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 ('/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo0301.log','/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo0302.log') SIZE 1000M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGFILES 30
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1000
MAXDATAFILES 5000
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 10G REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 10G REUSE
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf' SIZE 5G REUSE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
TEMPFILE '/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf' SIZE 10G REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
DATAFILE '/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 10G REUSE;
Database created.
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;--->创建完数据库，数据库自动打开
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
testdb OPEN
SQL>
八、运行脚本建立数据字典视图
以SYSDBA管理权限运行下面的脚本：
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql --->创建数据字典视图、动态性能视图和同义词
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql --->运行所有PL/SQL需要或使用的脚本
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql --->重新编译失效状态的PL/SQL模块，包括包、过程或类型
以SYSTEM用户执行下面的脚本：
SQL> conn system/oracle
Connected.
SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
九、利用netmgr配置监听
具体配置可参考Oracle 11g利用Netmgr配置监听器和服务
[oracle@test oracle]$ more /oracle/db19c/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/db19c/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11.109.136.41)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
[oracle@test oracle]$
[oracle@test oracle]$ lsnrctl start
------------------------
Alias testdb
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date 09-SEP-2017 23:32:09
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /oracle//oracle/db19c/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/test/testdb/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=test)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "testdb" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "testdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
#参数调整、归档、创建用户表空间等参照其它文档
#根据网络资源验证整理
