1.查看当前数据库下有哪些模式
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
omm=# \dn
List of schemas
Name | Owner
-----------------+-------
blockchain | omm
cstore | omm
db4ai | omm
dbe_perf | omm
dbe_pldebugger | omm
dbe_pldeveloper | omm
pkg_service | omm
public | omm
snapshot | omm
sqladvisor | omm
(10 rows)
2.然后为数据库musicdb创建4个模式，名称自定义
--创建表空间、测试数据库
CREATE TABLESPACE music_tbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/test_ts1';
CREATE DATABASE musicdb WITH TABLESPACE = music_tbs;
--执行下面的SQL语句，创建用户user1：
CREATE USER user1 IDENTIFIED BY 'kunpeng@1234';
--授予user1数据库系统的SYSADMIN权限：
ALTER USER user1 SYSADMIN;
--使用用户user1连接到数据库musicdb创建模式
gsql -d musicdb -U user1 -p 5432 -W kunpeng@1234 -r
--创建模式
create schema schm1 AUTHORIZATION user1;
create schema schm2 AUTHORIZATION user1;
create schema schm3 AUTHORIZATION user1;
create schema schm4 AUTHORIZATION user1;
--查看有哪些模式
musicdb=> \dn
List of schemas
Name | Owner
-----------------+-------
blockchain | omm
cstore | omm
db4ai | omm
dbe_perf | omm
dbe_pldebugger | omm
dbe_pldeveloper | omm
pkg_service | omm
public | omm
schm1 | user1
schm2 | user1
schm3 | user1
schm4 | user1
snapshot | omm
sqladvisor | omm
(14 rows)
musicdb=> SELECT catalog_name, schema_name, schema_owner FROM information_schema.schemata;
catalog_name | schema_name | schema_owner
--------------+--------------------+--------------
musicdb | pg_toast | omm
musicdb | cstore | omm
musicdb | pkg_service | omm
musicdb | dbe_perf | omm
musicdb | snapshot | omm
musicdb | blockchain | omm
musicdb | pg_catalog | omm
musicdb | public | omm
musicdb | sqladvisor | omm
musicdb | dbe_pldebugger | omm
musicdb | dbe_pldeveloper | omm
musicdb | information_schema | omm
musicdb | db4ai | omm
musicdb | schm1 | user1
musicdb | schm2 | user1
musicdb | schm3 | user1
musicdb | schm4 | user1
(17 rows)
3.在数据库musicdb的不同的模式下创建同名的表
--在不同模式下，创建相同的表
create table schm1.ttt(col varchar(100));
create table schm2.ttt(col varchar(100));
create table schm3.ttt(col varchar(100));
create table schm4.ttt(col varchar(100));
--执行下面的SQL语句，往4个模式中的表ttt分别插入一条数据：
--在同一个数据库下，可以直接使用SchemaName.TableName来指定一个表，可以省略数据库名。
insert into schm1.ttt values('Hello! from schema schm1 11111');
insert into schm2.ttt values('Hello! from schema schm2 22222');
insert into schm3.ttt values('Hello! from schema schm3 33333');
insert into schm4.ttt values('Hello! from schema schm4 44444');
musicdb=> --创建视图：
musicdb=> create or replace view my_tables as
musicdb-> select table_catalog, table_schema, table_name, table_type
musicdb-> from information_schema.tables
musicdb-> where table_schema not in ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema','dbe_perf');
CREATE VIEW
musicdb=>
musicdb=> --查看视图：
musicdb=> select * from my_tables;
table_catalog | table_schema | table_name | table_type
---------------+-----------------+------------+------------
musicdb | db4ai | snapshot | BASE TABLE
musicdb | dbe_pldeveloper | gs_errors | BASE TABLE
musicdb | dbe_pldeveloper | gs_source | BASE TABLE
musicdb | public | my_tables | VIEW
musicdb | schm4 | ttt | BASE TABLE
musicdb | schm3 | ttt | BASE TABLE
musicdb | schm2 | ttt | BASE TABLE
musicdb | schm1 | ttt | BASE TABLE
(8 rows)
4.访问musicdb数据库下不同模式的同名表
musicdb=> --查看默认的搜索模式的顺序
musicdb=> show SEARCH_PATH;
search_path
----------------
"$user",public
(1 row)
musicdb=>
musicdb=> --访问musicdb数据库下其他模式的表，需要指定模式名前缀：
musicdb=> select * from schm1.ttt;
col
----------------------------------
Hello! from schema schm1 11111
(1 row)
musicdb=> select * from schm2.ttt;
col
----------------------------------
Hello! from schema schm2 22222
(1 row)
musicdb=> select * from schm3.ttt;
col
----------------------------------
Hello! from schema schm3 33333
(1 row)
musicdb=> select * from schm4.ttt;
col
----------------------------------
Hello! from schema schm4 44444
(1 row)
5.实验理解：模式是在数据库层面，用户是在实例层面
--登录musicdb数据库，查看用户和模式
mm@modb:~$ gsql -d musicdb -U user1 -p 5432 -W kunpeng@1234 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
musicdb=> \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------+-----------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin,
UseFT | {}
user1 | Sysadmin
| {}
musicdb=> \dn
List of schemas
Name | Owner
-----------------+-------
blockchain | omm
cstore | omm
db4ai | omm
dbe_perf | omm
dbe_pldebugger | omm
dbe_pldeveloper | omm
pkg_service | omm
public | omm
schm1 | user1
schm2 | user1
schm3 | user1
schm4 | user1
snapshot | omm
sqladvisor | omm
(14 rows)
--登录omm数据库，查看用户和模式
gsql -r
omm=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes
| Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------+-----------
gaussdb | Sysadmin
| {}
omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin,
UseFT | {}
user1 | Sysadmin
| {}
omm=# \dn
List of schemas
Name | Owner
-----------------+-------
blockchain | omm
cstore | omm
db4ai | omm
dbe_perf | omm
dbe_pldebugger | omm
dbe_pldeveloper | omm
pkg_service | omm
public | omm
snapshot | omm
sqladvisor | omm
user1 | user1
(11 rows)
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