openGauss每日一练第20天 | openGauss数据库的逻辑备份与恢复

原创计议 2022-12-13

582

学习目标
掌握openGauss数据库的逻辑备份和恢复技术

课程作业

1.1 环境准备

root@modb:~# su - omm
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

omm=# mkdir /var/lib/opengauss/backup
omm-# gsql -r
omm=# create user  test IDENTIFIED BY 'huawei@1234' sysadmin ;
NOTICE:  The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.
CREATE ROLE
omm=# CREATE TABLESPACE test_tbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/test_tbs1';
CREATE TABLESPACE
omm=# 
omm=# CREATE DATABASE testdb WITH TABLESPACE = test_tbs;

CREATE DATABASE
omm=# 
omm=# CREATE TABLE test1(col int);
CREATE TABLE
omm=# CREATE TABLE test2(col int);
CREATE TABLE
omm=# 
omm=# \q
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm -c "\dt"
                         List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test2 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(2 rows)
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1.2 逻辑备份和恢复案例1:使用sql格式进行备份和恢复omm数据库

--使用test用户，备份数据库omm：
omm@modb:~$ gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234  omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql

gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:05:00]: The total objects number is 413.
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:05:00]: [100.00%] 413 objects have been dumped.
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:05:00]: dump database omm successfully
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:05:00]: total time: 1493  ms
omm@modb:~$ 

逻辑恢复：
--使用用户test，执行用gs_dump生成的sql脚本，将数据恢复到testdb数据库中：
SET@modb:~$   gsql -d testdb   -U test  -W huawei@1234  -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sSET
SET
SET
SET
SET
CREATE SCHEMA
ALTER SCHEMA
SET
SET
SET
CREATE TABLE
ALTER TABLE
CREATE TABLE
ALTER TABLE
REVOKE
REVOKE
GRANT
GRANT
total time: 18  ms
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恢复验证：
–验证数据库omm的备份已经被恢复到数据库testdb：
–源库（备份的数据库）：

omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm    -c "\dt"
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test2 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(2 rows)

                         List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb   -U test   -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt"
 public | test2 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(2 rows)

                         List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}

--新库（恢复的数据库）：
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb   -U test   -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt"
                         List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test2 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(2 rows)
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1.3 逻辑备份和恢复案例2:使用dump格式进行备份和恢复omm数据库

omm@modb:~$ gsql -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

omm=# CREATE TABLE test3(col int);
CREATE TABLE
omm=#   CREATE TABLE test4(col int);
CREATE TABLE
omm=# \q
--使用test用户，备份omm数据库，生成归档格式的备份文件:
omm@modb:~$ gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234  omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:15:17]: The total objects number is 417.
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:15:17]: [100.00%] 417 objects have been dumped.
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:15:17]: dump database omm successfully
gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:15:17]: total time: 1570  ms

逻辑恢复：
--使用gs_dump生成的归档文件恢复数据库

omm@modb:~$  gsql -d testdb   -U test  -W huawei@1234  -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.duSET
SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:16: ERROR:  schema "test" already exists
ALTER SCHEMA
SET
SET
SET
gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:34: ERROR:  relation "test1" already exists in schema "public"
DETAIL:  creating new table with existing name in the same schema
ALTER TABLE
gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:46: ERROR:  relation "test2" already exists in schema "public"
DETAIL:  creating new table with existing name in the same schema
ALTER TABLE
CREATE TABLE
ALTER TABLE
CREATE TABLE
ALTER TABLE
REVOKE
REVOKE
GRANT
GRANT
total time: 27  ms

恢复验证：
--源库（备份的数据库）：
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm    -c "\dt"
                         List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test2 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test3 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test4 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}

--新库（恢复的数据库）：
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb   -U test   -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt"
                         List of relations
 Schema | Name  | Type  | Owner |             Storage              
--------+-------+-------+-------+----------------------------------
 public | test1 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test2 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test3 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
 public | test4 | table | omm   | {orientation=row,compression=no}
(4 rows)
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