学习目标
掌握openGauss数据库的逻辑备份和恢复技术。
课程学习
1.为逻辑备份准备环境
--创建逻辑备份的存储目录: su - omm mkdir /var/lib/opengauss/backup --创建备份恢复用户,需要具有super或者sysadmin权限 gsql -r create user test IDENTIFIED BY 'huawei@1234' sysadmin ; --创建恢复测试数据库testdb CREATE TABLESPACE test_tbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/test_tbs1'; CREATE DATABASE testdb WITH TABLESPACE = test_tbs; --在omm数据库上,创建测试表test1、test2: CREATE TABLE test1(col int); CREATE TABLE test2(col int); \q --查看数据 gsql -d omm -c "\dt"
2.逻辑备份和恢复案例1(sql格式)
逻辑备份,使用gs_dump备份数据库,生成sql文件:--使用test用户,备份数据库omm: gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234 omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql 逻辑恢复: --使用用户test,执行用gs_dump生成的sql脚本,将数据恢复到testdb数据库中: gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql
恢复验证:
--验证数据库omm的备份已经被恢复到数据库testdb: --源库(备份的数据库): gsql -d omm -c "\dt" --新库(恢复的数据库): gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt"
- openGauss数据库逻辑备份和恢复案例2(dump格式)
逻辑备份:使用gs_dump备份数据库,生成归档格式的备份文件--创建测试数据 gsql -r CREATE TABLE test3(col int); CREATE TABLE test4(col int); \q --使用test用户,备份omm数据库,生成归档格式的备份文件: gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234 omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump
逻辑恢复:
--使用gs_dump生成的归档文件恢复数据库 gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump
恢复验证:
--源库(备份的数据库): gsql -d omm -c "\dt" --新库(恢复的数据库): gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt"
课程作业
1.逻辑备份和恢复案例1:使用sql格式进行备份和恢复omm数据库
```sql
omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm -c "\dt" List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (2 rows) omm@modb:~$ gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234 omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:00:21]: The total objects number is 413. gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:00:21]: [100.00%] 413 objects have been dumped. gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:00:21]: dump database omm successfully gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:00:21]: total time: 1489 ms omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql SET SET SET SET SET SET gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql:16: ERROR: schema "test" already exists ALTER SCHEMA SET SET SET gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql:34: ERROR: relation "test1" already exists in schema "public" DETAIL: creating new table with existing name in the same schema ALTER TABLE gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.sql:46: ERROR: relation "test2" already exists in schema "public" DETAIL: creating new table with existing name in the same schema ALTER TABLE REVOKE REVOKE GRANT GRANT total time: 13 ms omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm -c "\dt" List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (2 rows) omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt" List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (2 rows)
```
2.逻辑备份和恢复案例2:使用dump格式进行备份和恢复omm数据库
```sql
omm@modb:~$ gs_dump -U test -W huawei@1234 omm -F p -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:04:24]: The total objects number is 417. gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:04:24]: [100.00%] 417 objects have been dumped. gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:04:24]: dump database omm successfully gs_dump[port='5432'][omm][2022-12-13 21:04:24]: total time: 1505 ms omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -f /var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump SET SET SET SET SET SET gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:16: ERROR: schema "test" already exists ALTER SCHEMA SET SET SET gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:34: ERROR: relation "test1" already exists in schema "public" DETAIL: creating new table with existing name in the same schema ALTER TABLE gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:46: ERROR: relation "test2" already exists in schema "public" DETAIL: creating new table with existing name in the same schema ALTER TABLE gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:58: ERROR: relation "test3" already exists in schema "public" DETAIL: creating new table with existing name in the same schema ALTER TABLE gsql:/var/lib/opengauss/backup/backup.dump:70: ERROR: relation "test4" already exists in schema "public" DETAIL: creating new table with existing name in the same schema ALTER TABLE REVOKE REVOKE GRANT GRANT total time: 18 ms omm@modb:~$ gsql -d omm -c "\dt" List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test3 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test4 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (4 rows) omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb -U test -W huawei@1234 -c "\dt" List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+-------+-------+-------+---------------------------------- public | test1 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test2 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test3 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | test4 | table | omm | {orientation=row,compression=no} (4 rows)
```
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