Centos7静默安装11g

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文档作者微信：Melta_

文档更新时间：2021年10月3日

一、系统配置

1. 安装依赖

   本地系统镜像中包含的

   binutils.x86_64 compat-libcap1.x86_64 gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 glibc.x86_64 glibc-devel.x86_64 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.x86_64 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libXi.x86_64 libXtst.x86_64 make.x86_64 sysstat.x86_64 elfutils-libelf-devel unzip
   

   额外需要

   compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
   pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
   

2. 用户/组配置

   groupadd oinstall
   groupadd dba
   groupadd backupdba
   groupadd dgdba
   groupadd kmdba
   groupadd racdba
   groupadd oper
   

   创建oracle用户

   useradd -g oinstall -G oper,dba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba -d /home/oracle oracle
   echo "oracle" | passwd oracle --stdin
   

   编辑oracle用户的~/.bash_profile

   export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
   export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
   export ORACLE_SID=oracle
   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/stage/ext/lib
   PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
   export PATH
   

   生效~/.bash_profile

   . ~/.bash_profile
   

3. 内核参数

   # 编辑内核参数 并生效
   cat << EOF > /etc/sysctl.conf 
   fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
   fs.file-max = 6815744
   kernel.shmall = 16451328
   kernel.shmmax = 33692319744
   kernel.shmmni = 4096
   kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
   net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
   net.core.rmem_default = 262144
   net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
   net.core.wmem_default = 262144
   net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
   EOF
   sysctl -p
   
   

4. 用户资源：修改/etc/security/limits.conf

   cat << EOF > /etc/security/limits.conf
   oracle   soft   nproc    131072
   oracle   hard   nproc    131072
   oracle   soft   nofile   131072
   oracle   hard   nofile   131072
   oracle   soft   core     unlimited
   oracle   hard   core     unlimited
   oracle   soft   memlock  50000000
   oracle   hard   memlock  50000000
   EOF
   

5. 文件结构

   mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
   

6. 解压文件（在oracle的$ORACLE_HOME执行）

   unzip -q p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip & unzip -q p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
   

二、安装Oracle

建议将安装包放置家目录，进入database目录，用oracle用户运行

• 11.2.0.1

  cat >> /etc/oraInst.loc<<EOF
  inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
  inst_group=oinstall
  EOF
  chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc
  chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc
  

  开始安装

  rm -rf /u01/app/oraInventory/* && ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -IgnoreSysPreReqs -ignorePrereq \
  oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0 \
  oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
  DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true \
  UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
  INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \
  SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN \
  ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 \
  ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \
  oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
  oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \
  oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \
  oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba \
  SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
  
  

  运行root脚本

  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
  

• 11.2.0.4

  rm -rf /u01/app/oraInventory/* && ./runInstaller -silent -force \
  oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
  UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
  INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \
  ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 \
  ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \
  oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
  oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \
  oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \
  oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper \
  DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
  
  

  运行root脚本

  /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
  

三、数据库配置

1. 启动监听

   #如果是11.2.0.1 需要 export DISPLAY=127.0.0.1:1.0 ,且netca.rsp位于安装包的response下
   cd $ORACLE_HOME
   netca -silent -responseFile `pwd`/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
   

2. 创建数据库实例

   编辑assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp

   GDBNAME = 
   SID = 
   SYSPASSWORD = 
   SYSTEMPASSWORD = 
   CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
   

   初始化数据库

   dbca -createdatabase -silent -responseFile `pwd`/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp