Oracle数据库工程师手记：备份恢复双城记(二)

Oracle数据库技术 2021-04-29

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Oracle数据库工程师手记：备份恢复双城记(一)

现在，我真的开始进行两台机器之间的备份、恢复试验了。

首先，在source 端，进行第一次备份(level 0 增分备份 + 控制文件备份＋ SPFILE 增分备份)：

RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database format '/refresh/home/bak00/%U';
 
Starting backup at 20210404_02:13:32
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=39 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_02:13:32
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_02:13:39
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/0cvrdnac_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T021332 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_02:13:40
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_02:13:41
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/0dvrdnaj_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T021332 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20210404_02:13:42
 
RMAN> backup current controlfile format '/refresh/home/bak00/control.bks';
 
Starting backup at 20210404_02:16:07
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_02:16:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_02:16:09
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/control.bks tag=TAG20210404T021607 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20210404_02:16:09
 
RMAN> backup spfile format '/refresh/home/bak00/spfile.bks';
 
Starting backup at 20210404_02:16:31
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_02:16:31
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_02:16:32
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/spfile.bks tag=TAG20210404T021631 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20210404_02:16:32
 
RMAN>

接下来，拷贝这些备份到新数据库：

-bash-4.1$ scp refresh/home/bak00/* <anotherhost>:/refresh/home/bak00/

登录到 dest 端，进行初步的恢复动作：

RMAN> restore spfile from '/refresh/home/bak00/spfile.bks';
 
Starting restore at 04-APR-21
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP refresh/home/bak00/spfile.bks
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 04-APR-21
 
RMAN> restore spfile to pfile '/tmp/initnewdb.ora' from '/refresh/home/bak00/spfile.bks';
 
Starting restore at 04-APR-21
using channel ORA_DISK_1
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP refresh/home/bak00/spfile.bks
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 04-APR-21
 
RMAN>exit

查看生成的 tmp/initnewdb.ora ，看看其中内容中有关于各个目录的，如果 dest 端没有这些目录，那么要建立好。特别是 audit 相关目录：

-bash-4.1$ grep audit tmp/initnewdb.ora
*.audit_file_dest='/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/admin/orcl11204/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
-bash-4.1$

如果各目录已经建立好了，那么就可以进行 restore 操作：

-bash-4.1$ rman target 
 
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Apr 4 02:42:50 2021
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 
connected to target database: DUMMY (not mounted)
 
RMAN> shutdown immediate
 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Oracle instance shut down
 
RMAN> startup nomount;
 
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
 
Total System Global Area    1570009088 bytes
 
Fixed Size                     2253584 bytes
Variable Size                452988144 bytes
Database Buffers            1107296256 bytes
Redo Buffers                   7471104 bytes
 
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/refresh/home/bak00/control.bks';
 
Starting restore at 04-APR-21
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/control01.ctl
output file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 04-APR-21
 
RMAN> alter database mount;
 
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
 
RMAN>

利用 level 0 的增量备份，进行 restore 操作：

RMAN> restore database;
 
Starting restore at 04-APR-21
using channel ORA_DISK_1
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece refresh/home/bak00/0cvrdnac_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/0cvrdnac_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T021332
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished restore at 04-APR-21
 
RMAN>

回到 source 端，进行 level 1 增分备份：

SQL> create table tab001 as select * from dba_objects;
 
Table created.
 
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
-bash-4.1$ rman target 
 
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Apr 4 02:46:19 2021
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 
connected to target database: ORCL1120 (DBID=3640541495)
 
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database format '/refresh/home/bak01/%U';
 
Starting backup at 20210404_02:46:48
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=39 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_02:46:48
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_02:46:51
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak01/0gvrdp8o_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T024648 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_02:46:52
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_02:46:53
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak01/0hvrdp8r_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T024648 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20210404_02:46:53
 
RMAN> exit

将第一次 level 1 增分备份，拷贝到 dest 端：

-bash-4.1$ scp refresh/home/bak01/* <anotherhost>:/refresh/home/bak01/

在 dest 端，进行第一次 recover 操作：

RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak01';
 
searching for all files that match the pattern refresh/home/bak01
 
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0gvrdp8o_1_1
File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0hvrdp8r_1_1
 
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
 
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0gvrdp8o_1_1
File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0hvrdp8r_1_1
 
RMAN> recover database;
 
Starting recover at 04-APR-21
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile 00001: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00002: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00003: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00004: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak01/0gvrdp8o_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak01/0gvrdp8o_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T024648
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
 
starting media recovery
 
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=3
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/04/2021 02:56:50
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 and starting SCN of 1034598
 
RMAN>

对出现的错误不用管。

回到 source 端，进行第二次的 level 1 增分备份：

SQL> create table tab002 as select * from dba_objects;
 
Table created.
 
SQL> exit
 
 
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database format '/refresh/home/bak02/%U';
 
Starting backup at 20210404_03:02:46
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_03:02:46
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_03:02:49
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak02/0jvrdq6m_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T030246 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_03:02:51
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_03:02:52
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak02/0kvrdq6q_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T030246 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20210404_03:02:52
 
RMAN>

再次拷贝第二次的level 1 增分备份到 dest 端去。

-bash-4.1$ scp /refresh/home/bak02/* <anotherhost>:/refresh/home/bak02/

回到 dest 端，执行第二次 recover：

RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak02';
 
searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak02
 
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0kvrdq6q_1_1
File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0jvrdq6m_1_1
 
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
 
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0kvrdq6q_1_1
File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0jvrdq6m_1_1
 
RMAN> recover database;
 
Starting recover at 04-APR-21
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile 00001: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00002: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00003: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00004: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak02/0jvrdq6m_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak02/0jvrdq6m_1_1 tag=TAG20210404T030246
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
 
starting media recovery
 
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=3
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/04/2021 03:07:16
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 and starting SCN of 1034598
 
RMAN>

对错误不必在意。

现在到了最关键的一步了。我要从 source端，获得最新的 controlfile 备份，拷贝到 dest 端去：

SQL> alter system switch logfile;
 
System altered.
 
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
-bash-4.1$ rman target /
 
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Apr 4 03:09:20 2021
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 
connected to target database: ORCL1120 (DBID=3640541495)
 
RMAN> backup current controlfile format '/refresh/home/bak03/newcontrol.bks';
 
Starting backup at 20210404_03:09:49
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=41 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210404_03:09:51
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210404_03:09:52
piece handle=/refresh/home/bak03/newcontrol.bks tag=TAG20210404T030950 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20210404_03:09:52
 
RMAN> exit
 
 
Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun Apr 4 03:09:59 2021
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
 
System altered.
 
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
-bash-4.1$ rman target /
 
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Apr 4 03:10:21 2021
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 
connected to target database: ORCL1120 (DBID=3640541495)
 
RMAN> list archivelog all;
 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204
=====================================================================
 
Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - -----------------
12      1    3       A 20210404_02:04:27
        Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_3_1068881903.dbf
 
13      1    4       A 20210404_03:09:14
        Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_4_1068881903.dbf
 
 
RMAN>

拷贝我刚才生成的archive log 和 controlfile 备份到 dest端：

-bash-4.1$ scp /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch* <anotherhost>:/refresh/home/bak03
-bash-4.1$ scp /refresh/home/bak03/* <anotherhost>:/refresh/home/bak03/

回到 dest 端，先恢复 control file，再重新注册这些备份和 archivelog：

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
 
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Apr 4 03:17:23 2021
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 
connected to target database: ORCL1120 (DBID=3640541495, not open)
 
RMAN> shutdown immediate
 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
 
RMAN> startup nomount;
 
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
 
Total System Global Area    1570009088 bytes
 
Fixed Size                     2253584 bytes
Variable Size                452988144 bytes
Database Buffers            1107296256 bytes
Redo Buffers                   7471104 bytes
 
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/refresh/home/bak03/newcontrol.bks';
 
Starting restore at 04-APR-21
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/control01.ctl
output file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 04-APR-21
 
RMAN> alter database mount;
 
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
 
RMAN> crosscheck copy;
 
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
specification does not match any datafile copy in the repository
specification does not match any control file copy in the repository
validation failed for archived log
archived log file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_3_1068881903.dbf RECID=12 STAMP=1068952155
Crosschecked 1 objects
 
 
RMAN> delete expired copy;
 
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
specification does not match any datafile copy in the repository
specification does not match any control file copy in the repository
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204
=====================================================================
 
Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - ---------
12      1    3       X 04-APR-21
        Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_3_1068881903.dbf
 
 
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted archived log
archived log file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_3_1068881903.dbf RECID=12 STAMP=1068952155
Deleted 1 EXPIRED objects
 
 
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
 
using channel ORA_DISK_1
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/0cvrdnac_1_1 RECID=18 STAMP=1068948812
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/0dvrdnaj_1_1 RECID=19 STAMP=1068948820
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/control.bks RECID=20 STAMP=1068948968
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/spfile.bks RECID=21 STAMP=1068948991
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/refresh/home/bak01/0gvrdp8o_1_1 RECID=22 STAMP=1068950808
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/refresh/home/bak01/0hvrdp8r_1_1 RECID=23 STAMP=1068950812
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/refresh/home/bak02/0jvrdq6m_1_1 RECID=24 STAMP=1068951767
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/refresh/home/bak02/0kvrdq6q_1_1 RECID=25 STAMP=1068951771
Crosschecked 8 objects
 
 
RMAN> delete expired backup;
 
using channel ORA_DISK_1
specification does not match any backup in the repository
 
RMAN> catalog start with '/refres/home/bak00';
 
searching for all files that match the pattern /refres/home/bak00
no files found to be unknown to the database
 
 
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak00';
 
searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak00
no files found to be unknown to the database
 
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak01';
 
searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak01
no files found to be unknown to the database
 
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak02';
 
searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak02
no files found to be unknown to the database
 
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak03';
 
searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak03
 
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/arch1_3_1068881903.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/newcontrol.bks
File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/arch1_4_1068881903.dbf
 
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
 
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/arch1_3_1068881903.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/newcontrol.bks
File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/arch1_4_1068881903.dbf

然后，执行最后的 recover 操作：

RMAN> recover database;
 
Starting recover at 04-APR-21
using channel ORA_DISK_1
 
starting media recovery
 
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/bak03/arch1_3_1068881903.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 4 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/bak03/arch1_4_1068881903.dbf
archived log file name=/refresh/home/bak03/arch1_3_1068881903.dbf thread=1 sequence=3
archived log file name=/refresh/home/bak03/arch1_4_1068881903.dbf thread=1 sequence=4
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=5
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/04/2021 03:20:16
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 5 and starting SCN of 1036145
 
 
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
 
database opened
 
RMAN>

可以看到，已经成功恢复了。

也就是说，可以在 source 端和 target 端，多次传递备份，进行多次的 recover 操作，这样，对用户而言，down time 只发生在 source 端停机后，直到 dest 端最后一次 recover 后 alter database open resetlogs 结束为止。

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Oracle数据库工程师手记：备份恢复双城记(一)

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