Centos7.9安装Oracle12c

ssh工具：MobaXterm

1、关闭系统防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
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2、修改hosts文件

vi /etc/hosts
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3、关闭selinux

vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
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4、配置本地YUM源

mkdir /yums
mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
cp /mnt/Packages/* /yums
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*

createrepo /yums			//创建索引

echo '[local]' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo
echo 'name=yum local' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo
echo 'baseurl=file:///yums' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo
echo 'gpgcheck=0' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo
echo 'enabled=1' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo

yum clean all			//yum配置生成

yum install -y gcc
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5、安装ORACLE先决条件的软件包

yum install -y bc
yum install -y compat-libcap1*
yum install -y compat-libcap*
yum install -y binutils 
yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33 
yum install -y elfutils-libelf 
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel 
yum install -y gcc 
yum install -y gcc-c++ 
yum install -y glibc-2.5 
yum install -y glibc-common 
yum install -y glibc-devel 
yum install -y glibc-headers 
yum install -y ksh libaio 
yum install -y libaio-devel 
yum install -y libgcc 
yum install -y libstdc++ 
yum install -y libstdc++-devel 
yum install -y make 
yum install -y sysstat 
yum install -y unixODBC 
yum install -y unixODBC-devel
yum install -y binutils*
yum install -y compat-libstdc*
yum install -y elfutils-libelf*
yum install -y gcc*
yum install -y glibc*
yum install -y ksh*
yum install -y libaio*
yum install -y libgcc*
yum install -y libstdc*
yum install -y make*
yum install -y sysstat*
yum install -y libXp*
yum install -y glibc-kernheaders
yum install -y net-tools-*
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6、修改LINUX的内核文件

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 8589934591		//物理内存*1024*1024*1024-1
kernel.shmmni = 4096		//最小共享内存，一般是固定值
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
fs.file-max = 6815744				//文件句柄数，一次可以打开文件的个数
kernel.shmall = 2097152			//物理内存*1024*1024*1024/4096，表示内存大小（单位：页=4K）
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
#net.core.somaxconn = 262144
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 6
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 5
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
sysctl -p 
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7、修改limits.conf文件

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle   soft   nofile    1024
oracle   hard   nofile    65536
oracle   soft   nproc    16384
oracle   hard   nproc    16384
oracle   soft   stack    10240
oracle   hard   stack    32768
oracle   hard   memlock    134217728
oracle   soft   memlock    134217728
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8、修改/etc/pam.d/login文件（限制使用进程数）

vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
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9、编辑环境变量

vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
      ulimit -p 16384
      ulimit -n 65536
      else
      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi
source /etc/profile
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10、创建文件目录和相应的用户

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1    //ORACLE的HOME目录
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/

passwd oracle		//修改oracle用户密码
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11、配置ORACLE用户的环境变量

su - oracle		//切换到oracle用户

vi .bash_profile

export EDITOR=vi
export TMP=/tmp  
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1
export INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
umask 022
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'
source .bash_profile
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12、上传oracle12c安装文件至/u01目录

13、修改oracle12c安装文件所属用户和权限：

su - root
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/linuxx64_12201_database.zip
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14、使用oracle用户解压安装文件

su - oracle
cd /u01
unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
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15、使用MobaXterm图形化工具连接到linux服务器：

su - oracle
export DISPLAY=192.168.150.1:0.0		//注意：192.168.150.1为远程控制的windows主机IP

//启动安装程序
cd database/
./runInstaller			//运行后会先后出现三个提示框，全部点yes，然后在windows上进入oracle安装界面
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su root
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
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su oracle
netca
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16、创建数据库