利用Zipkin追踪Mysql数据库调用链

CodeSheep 2021-06-04

1349

概述

在前面：微服务调用链追踪中心搭建一文中我们利用Zipkin搭建了一个微服务调用链的追踪中心，并且模拟了微服务调用的实验场景。利用Zipkin的库Brave，我们可以收集一个客户端请求从发出到被响应 经历了哪些组件、哪些微服务、请求总时长、每个组件所花时长 等信息。

本文将讲述如何利用Zipkin对Mysql数据库的调用进行追踪，这里同样借助OpenZipkin库Brave来完成。

扩展ZipkinTool组件

ZipkinTool是在《微服务调用链追踪中心搭建》一文中编写的与Zipkin通信的工具组件，利用其追踪微服务调用链的，现在我们想追踪Mysql数据库调用链的话，可以扩展一下其功能。

pom.xml添加依赖：

<dependency>
        <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
        <artifactId>brave-mysql</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.6</version>
</dependency>

在ZipkinConfiguration类中添加MySQLStatementInterceptorManagementBean

    @Bean
    public MySQLStatementInterceptorManagementBean mySQLStatementInterceptorManagementBean() {
        return new MySQLStatementInterceptorManagementBean(brave().clientTracer());
    }

添加Mysql数据库访问的微服务

依然继承前文：《微服务调用链追踪中心搭建》，我们改造一下文中的ServiceC这个微服务，在其中添加与Mysql数据库的交互。

pom.xml中添加JDBC和Mysql依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

application.properties中添加Mysql连接的配置

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://你的Mysql服务所在IP:3307/test?useSSL=false\
  &statementInterceptors=com.github.kristofa.brave.mysql.MySQLStatementInterceptor\
  &zipkinServiceName=mysqlService
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=XXXXXX

Controller中添加JdbcTemplate访问数据库的代码

    @GetMapping("/mysqltest”)
    public String mysqlTest() {
        String name = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject( "SELECT name FROM user WHERE id = 1", String.class );
        return "Welcome " + name;
    }

启动Mysql数据库服务

1. 启动Mysql容器

docker run -d -p 3307:3306 \
-v ~/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v ~/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=XXXXXX \
--name mysql mysql

2. 再启动一个Mysql容器，接入其中做一些设置

首先进入mysql命令行

docker run -it --rm \
--link mysql:mysql mysql \
mysql -hmysql -u root -p

接下来创建数据库zipkin：用于存放Zipkin所收集的数据

CREATE DATABASE `zipkin`

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_spans (
  `trace_id_high` BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64 bit’,
  `trace_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
  `id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  `parent_id` BIGINT,
  `debug` BIT(1),
  `start_ts` BIGINT COMMENT 'Span.timestamp(): epoch micros used for endTs query and to implement TTL’,
  `duration` BIGINT COMMENT 'Span.duration(): micros used for minDuration and maxDuration query’
) ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD UNIQUE KEY(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `id`) COMMENT 'ignore insert on duplicate’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `id`) COMMENT 'for joining with zipkin_annotations’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`) COMMENT 'for getTracesByIds’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getSpanNames’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`start_ts`) COMMENT 'for getTraces ordering and range’;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_annotations (
  `trace_id_high` BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64 bit’,
  `trace_id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincides with zipkin_spans.trace_id’,
  `span_id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincides with zipkin_spans.id’,
  `a_key` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.key or Annotation.value if type == -1’,
  `a_value` BLOB COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.value(), which must be smaller than 64KB’,
  `a_type` INT NOT NULL COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.type() or -1 if Annotation’,
  `a_timestamp` BIGINT COMMENT 'Used to implement TTL; Annotation.timestamp or zipkin_spans.timestamp’,
  `endpoint_ipv4` INT COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null’,
  `endpoint_ipv6` BINARY(16) COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null, or no IPv6 address’,
  `endpoint_port` SMALLINT COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null’,
  `endpoint_service_name` VARCHAR(255) COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null’
) ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD UNIQUE KEY(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `span_id`, `a_key`, `a_timestamp`) COMMENT 'Ignore insert on duplicate’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `span_id`) COMMENT 'for joining with zipkin_spans’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`) COMMENT 'for getTraces/ByIds’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`endpoint_service_name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getServiceNames’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`a_type`) COMMENT 'for getTraces’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`a_key`) COMMENT 'for getTraces’;
ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id`, `span_id`, `a_key`) COMMENT 'for dependencies job’;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_dependencies (
  `day` DATE NOT NULL,
  `parent` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  `child` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  `call_count` BIGINT,
  `error_count` BIGINT
) ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

ALTER TABLE zipkin_dependencies ADD UNIQUE KEY(`day`, `parent`, `child`);

这里创建了三个数据表。

该Sql文件可以从以下链接获得：https://github.com/openzipkin/zipkin/blob/master/zipkin-storage/mysql/src/main/resources/mysql.sql

Sql脚本执行完成后，可以看到zipkin相关的三个表已经建成：

创建数据库test：用作测试数据库

CREATE DATABASE `test`
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

insert into user values (1,”hansonwang99”)

这里插入了一条数据用于实验。

启动zipkin服务

docker run -d -p 9411:9411 \
--link mysql:mysql \
-e STORAGE_TYPE=mysql \
-e MYSQL_HOST=mysql \
-e MYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-e MYSQL_DB=zipkin \
-e MYSQL_USER=root \
-e MYSQL_PASS=XXXXXX \
 --name zipkin openzipkin/zipkin