oracle rac 安装（二、系统环境参数等配置）

IT外包 2021-07-01

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接《oracle rac 安装(一、环境准备)》：

系统环境参数等配置

1、查看node1/node2共享磁盘情况

fdisk –l

node1情况：

node2情况：

2、配置两个节点的本地yum 源

[root@node1 ~]# vim etc/yum.repos.d/my.repo

[Oracle]

name=oracle_install

baseurl=file:///mnt/Server

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1
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参考图

把cdrom挂载到/mnt目录：

mount dev/cdrom/ mnt

参考图

刷新yum库：

yum clean all 或 yum makecache

Node2按node1把上面的操作都操作一遍。

3、安装所需软件包（两个节点都安装）

# yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio-devel libstdc++-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel compat-libcap1

4、参数修改

以下操作RAC每个节点同样进行：

# cat >> etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
EOF
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让参数生效：# sbin/sysctl –p

继续配置：

# cat >> etc/profile <<EOF

if [ \$USER = "oracle" ] || [ \$USER = "grid" ]; then
     if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
        ulimit -p 16384
         ulimit -n 65536
     else
         ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
     fi
     umask 022
 fi
EOF
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继续配置：

# cat >> etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
EOF
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5、添加组和用户

以下操作RAC每个节点同样进行：

# groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
# groupadd -g 1300 dba
# groupadd -g 1301 oper
# groupadd -g 1201 asmdba
# groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin
# groupadd -g 1202 asmoper
# useradd -m -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -d home/grid -s bin/bash -c "Grid Infrastructure Owner" grid
# passwd grid  设置grid密码
# useradd -m -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d home/oracle -s bin/bash -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle
# passwd oracle 设置oracle密码
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6、创建目录、授权

# mkdir -p u01/app/grid
# mkdir -p u01/app/11.2.0/grid
# chown -R grid:oinstall u01
# mkdir -p u01/app/oracle
# chown -R oracle:oinstall u01/app/oracle
# chmod -R 775 u01
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7、环境变量

node1上操作：

su - grid 切换到grid用户下

[grid@node1 ~]$ whoami

grid

[grid@node1 ~]$ vim .bash_profile

alias ls="ll -at"
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1; export ORACLE_SID
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java;export JAVA_HOME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm;export ORACLE_TERM
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS";export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK


alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
umask 022
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保存退出，source .bash_profile让其生效(后面的操作完后也source让其生效)

退出grid用户，进入oracle用户

$ vim .bash_profile 追加以下内容

alias ls="ll -at"
ORACLE_SID=racdb1; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_UNQNAME=racdb; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java; export JAVA_HOME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

umask 022
alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
alias rman="rlwrap rman"
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node2上操作：

[grid@node2 ~]$ whoami

grid

[grid@node2 ~]$ vim .bash_profile

alias ls="ll -at"
ORACLE_SID=+ASM2; export ORACLE_SID
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java;export JAVA_HOME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm;export ORACLE_TERM
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS";export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK

alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
umask 022
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进入oracle用户:

su - oracle

$ vi .bash_profile

alias ls="ll -at"
ORACLE_SID=racdb2; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_UNQNAME=racdb; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java; export JAVA_HOME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

umask 022
alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
alias rman="rlwrap rman"
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node1和node2上的操作类似，注意有不同的地方（ASM1、ASM2、racdb1、racdb2）

8、禁用NTP服务

【因为oracle有自己的时间同步服务，所以禁用ntp服务】

使用root用户

# service ntpd stop

# chkconfig ntpd off

# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

9、配置VNC服务（不是远程操作的，这步可以省略）

在node1节点配置就可以（node1要安装图形界面，没有安装的可以补安装）

[root@node1 ~]# yum install tigervnc-server -y

[root@node1 ~]#vncpasswd //设置vnc登录的密码

[root@node1 sysconfig]# vi /etc/sysconfig/vncservers

追加：

VNCSERVERS="1:root"

VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 1024x768"
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设置vnc服务开机自动启动

# chkconfig vncserver on

启动vnc服务

[root@node1 .vnc]# service vncserver start

10、配置 RAC 节点以便可以使用 SSH 进行远程访问

验证已安装 SSH 软件

rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n"| grep ssh

主要是以下4个软件包，缺的就yum install

[root@node1 ~]# rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n"| grep ssh

openssh-askpass-4.3p2-41.el5 (x86_64)

openssh-clients-4.3p2-41.el5 (x86_64)

openssh-4.3p2-41.el5 (x86_64)

openssh-server-4.3p2-41.el5 (x86_64)

[root@node2 ~]# rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n"| grep ssh