目录

• 1 Oracle ru和rur说明
• 1.1 Oracle databse history
• 1.2 database releases timelines
• 1.3 Oracle RU&RUR
• 1.4 如何快捷下载相关补丁
• 1.5 RU&RUS升级原则
• 2 本次测试概述
• 3 补丁环境配置
• 3.1 虚拟机配置
• 3.2 数据库软件安装准备工作
• 3.2.1 虚拟机安装
• 3.2.1 Oracle安装准备工作
• 3.2.1.1 调整/etc/hosts和SSH配置
• 3.2.1.2 编写环境脚本
• 3.2.1.3 执行
• 3.2.1.4 check
• 3.3 安装数据库软件-静默安装
• 3.3.1 解压缩软件到ORACLE HOME
• **3.3.2** **编辑响应文件**
• **3.3.3** **静默安装oracle软件**
• **3.3.4** 确认版本信息
• 3.3.5 升级opatch版本
• 4 升级RUR（3.0-9.1）
• 4.1 解压缩软件包
• 4.2 检查冲突
• 4.3 安装补丁
• 4.4 确认工作
• 5 升级RU（9.1 -11.0）
• 5.1 解压缩软件包
• 5.2 检查冲突
• 5.3 安装补丁
• 5.4 确认工作
• 6 静默创建数据库和监听
• **1.2** 静默安装19c数据库
• **1.2.1** ***复制响应文件***
• **1.2.2** ***修改响应文件***
• **1.2.3** ***安装***
• **1.3** 静默安装19c数据库监听
• **6.3** 确认数据库版本信息
• 7 总结

1 Oracle ru和rur说明

1.1 Oracle databse history

1.2 database releases timelines

1.3 Oracle RU&RUR

参考：Oracle Database 19c Proactive Patch Information (Doc ID 2521164.1)

The Database fixes included in the various Updates are listed in Note 2523220.1, Database 19 Release Updates and Revisions Bugs Fixed Lists

R19c Grid Infrastructure Release Update (Update)

R19c Database Release Update Revision (Revision)

R19c Grid Infrastructure Release Update Revision (Revision)

1.4 如何快捷下载相关补丁

通过Oracle MOS的Doc ID 2118136.2 来查找补丁集


要什么有什么，包括在REFERENCES中直接找到Opatch工具的下载NOTE:274526.1 - How To Download And Install The Latest OPatch(6880880) Version

1.5 RU&RUS升级原则

这里参考了[Lucifer三思而后行]的文章说明：

满足条件：
1.c>=a
2.c+d>=a+b
例：
19.5.2–>19.8.0（5是a,2是b,8是c,0是d），满足升级需求；
19.6.2–>19.7.0（虽然7>6，但是7+0<6+2，所以不满足，如果是19.7.1，即可满足）

note:最新的19.12已经出来了。Release DateVersionDownload LinkIncluded in Windows Bundle20-Jul-2021Database Release Update 19.12.0Patch 32904851[Patch 32832237]，但是还没有更新到2118136.2中

2 本次测试概述

本来想通过初始版本的19.3 先升级到19.3.2，然后升级到19.5；但是相关的RUR和RU都下载不了，因此找到可以下载的19.9.1和19.11；

直接从oracle 19.3尝试升级的19.9.1，然后升级到19.11，作为以后的DG的实验环境。

DATABASE RELEASE UPDATE REVISION 19.9.1.0.0 (补丁程序)
p32072711_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip

DATABASE RELEASE UPDATE REVISION 19.9.1.0.0 (补丁程序)

p32545013_190000_Linux-x86-64 19.11

3 补丁环境配置

3.1 虚拟机配置

3.2 数据库软件安装准备工作

3.2.1 虚拟机安装

略

3.2.1 Oracle安装准备工作

3.2.1.1 调整/etc/hosts和SSH配置

[root@test19c ~]# cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"` && sed -i '/#UseDNS yes/ s/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config && grep UseDNS /etc/ssh/sshd_config
UseDNS no
[root@test19c ~]# 
[root@test19c ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.245.132 test19c
[root@test19c ~]# 

3.2.1.2 编写环境脚本

#!/bin/bash
###################################################################################
## 参考-enmo 张磊
## 本文档针对 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.6 进行 19c RAC 部署的配置操作
##需要创建 /soft 目录资料上传到目录中
## 0. 环境信息检查
## 1. 关闭防火墙和avahi-daemon
## 2. 关闭LINUX操作系统的SELINUX功能、禁用ZEROCONF
## 3. 关闭操作系统Transparent Huge Pages
## 4. 安装必要的软件包
## 5. 启动nscd服务  -no
## 6. 时间同步服务配置 -no
## 7. 内核参数调整
## 8. 用户目录及Limit环境配置
## 9. 配置asm共享磁盘 udev -no
##SID自行修改，host自行配置 如果安装其他版本 修改依赖包  ios 文件不使用光驱自行修改
## udev 根据自己的环境修改
###################################################################################

###################################################################################
## 0. 环境信息检查
###################################################################################


echo "###################################################################################"
echo "0. 环境信息检查"
echo "###################################################################################"
echo "release info :"
more /etc/redhat-release
echo "###################################################################################"
cpu=`grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l`
echo "cpu info: " $cpu
echo "###################################################################################"
MemTotal=`grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo | awk '{print $2}'`
memory=`expr $MemTotal / 1048576`
echo "memory info: " $memory G
echo "###################################################################################"
SwapTotal=`grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo | awk '{print $2}'`
swap=`expr $SwapTotal / 1048576`
echo "swap info: " $swap G
echo "###################################################################################"
echo "timedatectl:"
timedatectl | grep "Asia/Shanghai"
echo "###################################################################################"
echo "tmp info"
df -h /tmp
echo "###################################################################################"
echo "disk info"
echo
df -h
echo "###################################################################################"
echo
echo
echo "#############################环境信息检查 end######################################" 
###################################################################################
## 1. 关闭防火墙和avahi-daemon
##    根据环境及需要自定义
###################################################################################


echo "###################################################################################"
echo "1. 关闭防火墙和avahi-daemon"
echo "###################################################################################"
systemctl stop    firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop    avahi-daemon
systemctl disable avahi-daemon
echo
echo "#####################关闭防火墙和avahi-daemon end##################################"

###################################################################################
## 2. 关闭LINUX操作系统的SELINUX功能、禁用ZEROCONF
##    
###################################################################################

echo "###################################################################################"
echo "2. 关闭LINUX操作系统的SELINUX功能 禁用ZEROCONF"
echo "###################################################################################"

SELINUX=`grep ^SELINUX= /etc/selinux/config`

if [ $SELINUX != "SELINUX=disabled" ];then
  cp /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config.bak
  sed -i 's/^SELINUX=/#SELINUX=/g' /etc/selinux/config
  sed -i '$a SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config
else
  echo "SELINUX is already disabled"
fi

NOZEROCONF=`grep ^NOZEROCONF= /etc/sysconfig/network`

if [[ $NOZEROCONF != "" ]];then
  cp /etc/sysconfig/network /etc/sysconfig/network.bak
  sed -i 's/^NOZEROCONF=/#NOZEROCONF=/g' /etc/sysconfig/network
  sed -i '$a NOZEROCONF=yes' /etc/sysconfig/network
else
 sed -i '$a NOZEROCONF=yes' /etc/sysconfig/network
fi

echo
echo "############关闭LINUX操作系统的SELINUX功能 禁用ZEROCONF end########################"
echo

###################################################################################
## 3. 关闭操作系统Transparent Huge Pages
###################################################################################
echo "###################################################################################"
echo "3. 关闭操作系统Transparent Huge Pages"
echo
sed -i 's/quiet/quiet transparent_hugepage=never/' /etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
echo
echo "###################Transparent Huge Pages end######################################"
echo
echo
echo


###################################################################################
## 4. 安装必要的软件包
###################################################################################


echo "###################################################################################"
echo "4. 安装必要的软件包"
echo

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo << "EOF"
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

echo "#################################### yum ##########################################"

#Linux 7.6
yum install -y bc*  ntp* binutils*  compat-libcap1*  compat-libstdc++*  dtrace-modules*  dtrace-modules-headers*  dtrace-modules-provider-headers*  dtrace-utils*  elfutils-libelf*  elfutils-libelf-devel* fontconfig-devel*  glibc*  glibc-devel*  ksh*  libaio*  libaio-devel*  libdtrace-ctf-devel*  libXrender*  libXrender-devel*  libX11*  libXau*  libXi*  libXtst*  libgcc*  librdmacm-devel*  libstdc++*  libstdc++-devel*  libxcb*  make*  net-tools*  nfs-utils*  python*  python-configshell*  python-rtslib*  python-six*  targetcli*  smartmontools*  sysstat* gcc* nscd* unixODBC*
###/soft 下存放compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm  
yum install -y /soft/*.rpm


echo
echo "############################安装必要的软件包 end###################################"
echo
echo
echo


###################################################################################
## 7. 内核参数调整 
###################################################################################


echo "###################################################################################"
echo "4. 内核参数调整"
echo
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak
echo
shmmax=`expr $MemTotal \* 1024`
shmmax=`expr $shmmax - 2147483648`
shmall=`expr $shmmax / 4096`

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
###################################################################################
##################### enmo add #####################

fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 10000  10240000 10000 1024
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = $shmall
kernel.shmmax = $shmmax
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 16777216
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_default = 16777216
fs.aio-max-nr = 6194304
vm.dirty_ratio=20
vm.dirty_background_ratio=3
vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs=100
vm.dirty_expire_centisecs=500
vm.swappiness=10
vm.min_free_kbytes=524288
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 30000
net.core.netdev_budget = 600
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
#vm.nr_hugepages =51200

EOF

echo
echo
echo "###############################sysctl end##########################################"

echo
echo
###################################################################################
## 8. 用户目录及Limit环境配置
###################################################################################
echo "###################################################################################"
echo "8. 用户目录及Limit环境配置"
echo
echo "创建用户组、用户及目录"
	groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
	groupadd -g 54322 dba
	groupadd -g 54323 oper
	groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
	groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
	groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
	groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
	groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
	groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
	groupadd -g 54330 racdba
	useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,asmdba,racdba -u 10000 oracle
echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle
echo


	mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
	chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
	chmod -R 775 /u01/
echo

echo "修改会话限制"
cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.bak

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << "EOF"
############### enmo add##########################
oracle  soft    nproc   655350
oracle  hard    nproc   655350
oracle  soft    nofile  655360
oracle  hard    nofile  655360


oracle  soft    stack  102400
oracle  hard    stack  327680



EOF
echo





echo
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login << "EOF"
#################enmo add##############################
session    required     pam_limits.so
EOF

echo
echo
cat >> /etc/profile << "EOF"
#################enmo add##############################
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ] || [ $USER = "root" ]; then
        if  [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];  then
              ulimit -p 16384
              ulimit -n 65536
        else
              ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
fi

EOF



echo
echo "编辑oracle用户环境变量"

cat >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile << "EOF"
################ enmo add#########################
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=prod1
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
EOF
echo
echo "###############################user   end##########################################"

echo
echo "#############请根据节点信息，修改asm实例名称和数据库实例名称#######################"
echo
echo "##############请重启操作系统 reboot 并执行check.sh################"

3.2.1.3 执行

chmod +x env.sh
setenforce 0
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
--不想重启了---

3.2.1.4 check

[root@test19c ~]# sh check.sh 
###################################################################################
检查修改信息

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/etc/selinux/config


# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
#SELINUX=enforcing
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted 


SELINUX=disabled


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/etc/sysconfig/network

# Created by anaconda
#NOZEROCONF=yes
NOZEROCONF=yes


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

[always] madvise never


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.245.132 test19c


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/etc/ntp.conf

# For more information about this file, see the man pages
# ntp.conf(5), ntp_acc(5), ntp_auth(5), ntp_clock(5), ntp_misc(5), ntp_mon(5).

driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift

# Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not
# permit the source to query or modify the service on this system.
restrict default nomodify notrap nopeer noquery

# Permit all access over the loopback interface.  This could
# be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of
# the administrative functions.
restrict 127.0.0.1 
restrict ::1

# Hosts on local network are less restricted.
#restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap

# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 3.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst

#broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey        # broadcast server
#broadcastclient                        # broadcast client
#broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey            # multicast server
#multicastclient 224.0.1.1              # multicast client
#manycastserver 239.255.254.254         # manycast server
#manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client

# Enable public key cryptography.
#crypto

includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw

# Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating
# with symmetric key cryptography. 
keys /etc/ntp/keys

# Specify the key identifiers which are trusted.
#trustedkey 4 8 42

# Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpdc utility.
#requestkey 8

# Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpq utility.
#controlkey 8

# Enable writing of statistics records.
#statistics clockstats cryptostats loopstats peerstats

# Disable the monitoring facility to prevent amplification attacks using ntpdc
# monlist command when default restrict does not include the noquery flag. See
# CVE-2013-5211 for more details.
# Note: Monitoring will not be disabled with the limited restriction flag.
disable monitor


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/etc/sysctl.conf

# sysctl settings are defined through files in
# /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/.
#
# Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.
# To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in
# /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override
# only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later
# name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there.
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).


fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 10000  10240000 10000 1024
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1048576
kernel.shmmax = 3221225472
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 16777216
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_default = 16777216
fs.aio-max-nr = 6194304
vm.dirty_ratio=20
vm.dirty_background_ratio=3
vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs=100
vm.dirty_expire_centisecs=500
vm.swappiness=10
vm.min_free_kbytes=524288
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 30000
net.core.netdev_budget = 600
#vm.nr_hugepages = 
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.ipfrag_time = 60
net.ipv4.ipfrag_low_thresh=6291456
net.ipv4.ipfrag_high_thresh = 8388608


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/etc/security/limits.conf

# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#This file sets the resource limits for the users logged in via PAM.
#It does not affect resource limits of the system services.
#
#Also note that configuration files in /etc/security/limits.d directory,
#which are read in alphabetical order, override the settings in this
#file in case the domain is the same or more specific.
#That means for example that setting a limit for wildcard domain here
#can be overriden with a wildcard setting in a config file in the
#subdirectory, but a user specific setting here can be overriden only
#with a user specific setting in the subdirectory.
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#
#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>
#
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
#        - a user name
#        - a group name, with @group syntax
#        - the wildcard *, for default entry
#        - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
#                 for maxlogin limit
#
#<type> can have the two values:
#        - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
#        - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
#
#<item> can be one of the following:
#        - core - limits the core file size (KB)
#        - data - max data size (KB)
#        - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
#        - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
#        - nofile - max number of open file descriptors
#        - rss - max resident set size (KB)
#        - stack - max stack size (KB)
#        - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
#        - nproc - max number of processes
#        - as - address space limit (KB)
#        - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
#        - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
#        - priority - the priority to run user process with
#        - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
#        - sigpending - max number of pending signals
#        - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
#        - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
#        - rtprio - max realtime priority
#
#<domain>      <type>  <item>         <value>
#

#*               soft    core            0
#*               hard    rss             10000
#@student        hard    nproc           20
#@faculty        soft    nproc           20
#@faculty        hard    nproc           50
#ftp             hard    nproc           0
#@student        -       maxlogins       4

# End of file
############### enmo add##########################
oracle  soft    nproc   655350
oracle  hard    nproc   655350
oracle  soft    nofile  655360
oracle  hard    nofile  655360


oracle  soft    stack  102400
oracle  hard    stack  327680






############### enmo add##########################
oracle  soft    nproc   655350
oracle  hard    nproc   655350
oracle  soft    nofile  655360
oracle  hard    nofile  655360


oracle  soft    stack  102400
oracle  hard    stack  327680





-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/etc/pam.d/login

#%PAM-1.0
auth [user_unknown=ignore success=ok ignore=ignore default=bad] pam_securetty.so
auth       substack     system-auth
auth       include      postlogin
account    required     pam_nologin.so
account    include      system-auth
password   include      system-auth
# pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule
session    required     pam_selinux.so close
session    required     pam_loginuid.so
session    optional     pam_console.so
# pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context
session    required     pam_selinux.so open
session    required     pam_namespace.so
session    optional     pam_keyinit.so force revoke
session    include      system-auth
session    include      postlogin
-session   optional     pam_ck_connector.so
#################enmo add##############################
session    required     pam_limits.so
#################enmo add##############################
session    required     pam_limits.so
#################enmo add##############################
session    required     pam_limits.so


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/etc/profile

# /etc/profile

# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc

# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.

pathmunge () {
    case ":${PATH}:" in
        *:"$1":*)
            ;;
        *)
            if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
                PATH=$PATH:$1
            else
                PATH=$1:$PATH
            fi
    esac
}


if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
    if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
        # ksh workaround
        EUID=`/usr/bin/id -u`
        UID=`/usr/bin/id -ru`
    fi
    USER="`/usr/bin/id -un`"
    LOGNAME=$USER
    MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi

# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
    pathmunge /usr/sbin
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
    pathmunge /usr/sbin after
fi

HOSTNAME=`/usr/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi

export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL

# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`/usr/bin/id -gn`" = "`/usr/bin/id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh /etc/profile.d/sh.local ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then 
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null
        fi
    fi
done

unset i
unset -f pathmunge
#################enmo add##############################
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ] || [ $USER = "root" ]; then
        if  [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];  then
              ulimit -p 16384
              ulimit -n 65536
        else
              ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
fi

#################enmo add##############################
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ] || [ $USER = "root" ]; then
        if  [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];  then
              ulimit -p 16384
              ulimit -n 65536
        else
              ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
fi

#################enmo add##############################
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ] || [ $USER = "root" ]; then
        if  [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];  then
              ulimit -p 16384
              ulimit -n 65536
        else
              ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
fi



-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/grid/.bash_profile

cat: /home/grid/.bash_profile: No such file or directory


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/home/oracle/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH
################ enmo add#########################
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=prod1
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8


--------------------------------systemctl------------------------------------------

● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)

Jul 21 14:33:14 test19c systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jul 21 14:33:15 test19c systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Jul 21 14:33:15 test19c firewalld[827]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered an insecure configuration option. It will be removed in a future release. Ple...ling it now.
Jul 21 14:52:17 test19c systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jul 21 14:52:17 test19c systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

Unit avahi-daemon.service could not be found.

● nscd.service - Name Service Cache Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

● ntpd.service - Network Time Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

bc-1.06.95-13.el7 (x86_64)
binutils-2.27-44.base.0.1.el7 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7 (x86_64)
elfutils-libelf-0.176-5.el7 (x86_64)
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.176-5.el7 (x86_64)
fontconfig-devel-2.13.0-4.3.el7 (x86_64)
glibc-2.17-317.0.1.el7 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.17-317.0.1.el7 (x86_64)
ksh-20120801-142.0.1.el7 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.109-13.el7 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7 (x86_64)
libX11-1.6.7-2.el7 (x86_64)
libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (x86_64)
libXi-1.7.9-1.el7 (x86_64)
libXtst-1.2.3-1.el7 (x86_64)
libXrender-0.9.10-1.el7 (x86_64)
libXrender-devel-0.9.10-1.el7 (x86_64)
libgcc-4.8.5-44.0.3.el7 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.8.5-44.0.3.el7 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-44.0.3.el7 (x86_64)
libxcb-1.13-1.el7 (x86_64)
make-3.82-24.el7 (x86_64)
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 (x86_64)
nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.68.0.1.el7 (x86_64)
python-2.7.5-89.0.1.el7 (x86_64)
python-configshell-1.1.26-1.0.1.el7 (noarch)
python-rtslib-2.1.72-1.0.1.el7 (noarch)
python-six-1.9.0-2.el7 (noarch)
targetcli-2.1.51-2.0.1.el7 (noarch)
smartmontools-7.0-2.el7 (x86_64)
sysstat-10.1.5-19.el7 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.8.5-44.0.3.el7 (x86_64)
nscd-2.17-317.0.1.el7 (x86_64)
unixODBC-2.3.1-14.0.1.el7 (x86_64)
gcc-4.8.5-44.0.3.el7 (x86_64)

################请仔细核对所有文件信息 !!!!!!!################

3.3 安装数据库软件-静默安装

3.3.1 解压缩软件到ORACLE HOME

[root@test19c etc]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /sw
[root@test19c etc]# su - oracle
Last login: Wed Jul 21 15:17:10 CST 2021 on pts/4
[oracle@test19c ~]$ cd /sw
[oracle@test19c sw]$ ll
total 5892348
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 3059705302 Jul 21 15:20 LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1477062584 Jul 21 15:04 p32072711_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1375008229 Jul 21 14:54 p32545013_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall  121981878 Jul 21 14:51 p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME

unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME

3.3.2 编辑响应文件

主要修改的参数：
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT

3.3.3 静默安装oracle软件

$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent  -force -noconfig  -ignorePrereq  -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp

root执行相关脚本
用时共计：

[oracle@test19c home]$ $ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent  -force -noconfig  -ignorePrereq  -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard...

The response file for this session can be found at:
 /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_2021-07-21_03-40-41PM.rsp

You can find the log of this install session at:
 /tmp/InstallActions2021-07-21_03-40-41PM/installActions2021-07-21_03-40-41PM.log

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
        1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
        2. /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Execute /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh on the following nodes:
[test19c]
Execute /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh on the following nodes:
[test19c]



Successfully Setup Software.
Moved the install session logs to:
 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2021-07-21_03-40-41PM



[root@test19c etc]#  /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@test19c etc]# /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/install/root_test19c_2021-07-21_15-50-44-500408346.log for the output of root script
[root@test19c etc]#


整体用时20分钟左右

3.3.4 确认版本信息

[oracle@test19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Jul 21 15:51:24 2021
Version 19.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> exit


[oracle@test19c ~]$ opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.17

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@test19c ~]$ opatch lspatches
29585399;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399)
29517242;Database Release Update : 19.3.0.0.190416 (29517242)

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@test19c ~]$

不创建数据库

3.3.5 升级opatch版本

cd $ORACLE_HOME
mv OPatch OPatchbak
cd /sw
unzip p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME	
[oracle@test19c sw]$ opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.25

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@test19c sw]$ 

4 升级RUR（3.0-9.1）

4.1 解压缩软件包

mv p32072711_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip 1991/
unzip p32072711_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip 

[oracle@test19c sw]$ cd 1991
[oracle@test19c 1991]$ ls
32072711  p32072711_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip  PatchSearch.xml
[oracle@test19c 1991]$ pwd
/sw/1991


大小4.1G

4.2 检查冲突

[oracle@test19c 1991]$ cd 32072711/
[oracle@test19c 32072711]$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.25
Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.25
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-07-21_15-58-22PM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@test19c 32072711]$

4.3 安装补丁

[oracle@test19c 32072711]$ opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.25
Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Oracle Home       : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.25
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-07-21_15-58-54PM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches:   32072711

Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.

Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1')


Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y

Patching component oracle.network.client, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.oraolap.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.precomp.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.javavm.client, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.precomp.common.core, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.common, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ldap.security.osdt, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.xdk, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.network.listener, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ldap.client, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.marvel, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.xdk.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.javavm.server, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.duma, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ctx.atg, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.precomp.common, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.precomp.lang, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.201.0...
Patch 32072711 successfully applied.
Sub-set patch [29517242] has become inactive due to the application of a super-set patch [32072711].
Please refer to Doc ID 2161861.1 for any possible further required actions.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-07-21_15-58-54PM_1.log

4.4 确认工作

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@test19c 32072711]$ opatch lspatches
32072711;Database Release Update Revision : 19.9.1.0.210119 (32072711)
29585399;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399)

升级没有问题

5 升级RU（9.1 -11.0）

9.1 = 9+1 =10

11.0=11+0=11

11>10

11>9

应该可以升级

5.1 解压缩软件包

 unzip p32545013_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
 
[oracle@test19c sw]$ cd 1911/
[oracle@test19c 1911]$ ls
32545013  p32545013_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip  PatchSearch.xml
[oracle@test19c 1911]$ cd 32545013/
[oracle@test19c 32545013]$ du -sh
2.7G    .
[oracle@test19c 32545013]$

大小 2.7G

5.2 检查冲突

[oracle@test19c 32545013]$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.25
Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.25
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-07-21_16-19-32PM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

5.3 安装补丁

[oracle@test19c 32545013]$ opatch apply

Patching component oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.201.0...
Patch 32545013 successfully applied.
Sub-set patch [32072711] has become inactive due to the application of a super-set patch [32545013].
Please refer to Doc ID 2161861.1 for any possible further required actions.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-07-21_16-20-36PM_1.log

OPatch succeeded.

5.4 确认工作

[oracle@test19c 32545013]$ opatch lspatches
32545013;Database Release Update : 19.11.0.0.210420 (32545013)
29585399;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399)

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@test19c 32545013]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Jul 21 16:46:20 2021
Version 19.11.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2020, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
sq
Connected to an idle instance.

SQL>

6 静默创建数据库和监听

1.2 静默安装19c数据库

1.2.1 复制响应文件

[oracle@oracle19c dbca]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca
[oracle@oracle19c dbca]$ cp dbca.rsp /home/oracle
[oracle@oracle19c dbca]$ less dbca.rsp |grep -v "#"|grep -v "^$"
[oracle@oracle19c dbca]$ less dbca.rsp |grep -v "#"|grep -v "^$"
responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v19.0.0
gdbName=
sid=
databaseConfigType=
RACOneNodeServiceName=
policyManaged=
createServerPool=
serverPoolName=
cardinality=
force=
pqPoolName=
pqCardinality=
createAsContainerDatabase=
numberOfPDBs=
pdbName=
useLocalUndoForPDBs=
pdbAdminPassword=
nodelist=
templateName=
sysPassword=
systemPassword= 
oracleHomeUserPassword=
emConfiguration=
emExpressPort=5500
runCVUChecks=
dbsnmpPassword=
omsHost=
omsPort=
emUser=
emPassword=
dvConfiguration=
dvUserName=
dvUserPassword=
dvAccountManagerName=
dvAccountManagerPassword=
olsConfiguration=
datafileJarLocation=
datafileDestination=
recoveryAreaDestination=
storageType=
diskGroupName=
asmsnmpPassword=
recoveryGroupName=
characterSet=
nationalCharacterSet=
registerWithDirService=
dirServiceUserName=
dirServicePassword=
walletPassword=
listeners=
variablesFile=
variables=
initParams=
sampleSchema=
memoryPercentage=
databaseType=
automaticMemoryManagement=
totalMemory=

1.2.2 修改响应文件

/home/oracle/dbca.rsp

gdbName=orcl
sid=orcl
databaseConfigType=SI
createAsContainerDatabase=true
numberOfPDBs=1
pdbName=pdb
useLocalUndoForPDBs=true
pdbAdminPassword=oracle
templateName=General_Purpose.dbc
sysPassword=oracle
systemPassword=oracle
emExpressPort=5500
characterSet=AL32UTF8
nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16
sampleSchema=true
memoryPercentage=40
automaticMemoryManagement=false

1.2.3 安装

dbca -silent -createdatabase -responsefile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp

[oracle@test19c ~]$ dbca -silent -createdatabase -responsefile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp



Prepare for db operation
8% complete
Copying database files
31% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
32% complete
36% complete
40% complete
43% complete
46% complete
Completing Database Creation


51% complete
53% complete
54% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
58% complete
77% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
 /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:orcl
System Identifier(SID):orcl
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.

[progressPage.flowWorker] [ 2021-07-21 17:23:52.482 CST ] [SQLEngine.setSpool:2133]  Setting Spool  = /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/postDBCreation.log
[progressPage.flowWorker] [ 2021-07-21 17:23:52.482 CST ] [SQLEngine.setSpool:2134]  Is spool appendable? --> true
[progressPage.flowWorker] [ 2021-07-21 17:23:52.482 CST ] [PostDBCreationStep.executeImpl:717]  executing datapatch /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/datapatch

在创建的过程是还是datapatch的应用，说明升级到了最新版本去创建数据库，静默模式还是需要datapatch.

1.3 静默安装19c数据库监听

[oracle@oracle19c netca]$ cp netca.rsp /home/oracle
[oracle@oracle19c netca]$ ls
doc  images  jlib  netca_deinst.sbs  netca.rsp  netca.sbs
[oracle@oracle19c netca]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/assistants/netca
[oracle@oracle19c netca]$ 
参考参数如上，在 19c 中 netca.rsp 的参数不需要修改，直接可以使用
#开始静默安装监听[netca]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca -silent -responsefile $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
p
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/assistants/netca
[oracle@oracle19c netca]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca -silent -responsefile $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

6.3 确认数据库版本信息

sys@ORCL 17:46:20>  col status for a10
sys@ORCL 17:46:27>  col action for a10
sys@ORCL 17:46:27>  col action_time for a30
sys@ORCL 17:46:27>  col description for a60
sys@ORCL 17:46:27>  select patch_id,patch_type,action,status,action_time,description from dba_registry_sqlpatch;
col version for a25

  PATCH_ID PATCH_TYPE ACTION     STATUS     ACTION_TIME                    DESCRIPTION
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------
  32545013 RU         APPLY      SUCCESS    21-JUL-21 05.17.54.185097 PM   Database Release Update : 19.11.0.0.210420 (32545013)

sys@ORCL 17:46:27>  sys@ORCL 17:46:27>  col comments for a80
sys@ORCL 17:46:27>  select ACTION_TIME,VERSION,COMMENTS from dba_registry_history;

ACTION_TIME                    VERSION                   COMMENTS
------------------------------ ------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               19                        RDBMS_19.11.0.0.0DBRU_LINUX.X64_210412
21-JUL-21 05.16.17.306594 PM   19.0.0.0.0                Patch applied from 19.3.0.0.0 to 19.11.0.0.0: Release_Update - 210413004009

sys@ORCL 17:46:28>  

7 总结

1 按照之前1.5升级原则，主要满足如下是可以升级的：

9.1 = 9+1 =10

11.0=11+0=11

11>10

11>9

2 RUR和RU的单机升级方式是一致的

3 Oracle在每年的1月，4月，7月和10月每个季度发布一个RU。为了使客户能够在其环境稳定之后即刻获得最新的安全相关修复，将在每年的1月，4月，7月，10月为最近的两个RU提供RUR

4 RU和RUR主要区别：

1）.RU是主动，高度测试，捆绑了许多重要修复，能够使客户避免许多已知问题。RU可能包含的新特性和功能
2）.RUR包含对RU的安全性和回退修复，将RU的生命周期延长两个季度。每个RUR只针对特定的RU。RUR针对特定版本的修复。