（1）系统环境：

Linux node1 2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 00:53:17 EST 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Lin

[root@node1 dbhome_1]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.9 (Santiago)

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（2）grid用户的profile设置

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

alias ls="ll -at"
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1; export ORACLE_SID
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java;export JAVA_HOME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm;export ORACLE_TERM
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS";export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK


#alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
umask 022

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（3）系统profile设置

    case ":${PATH}:" in
        *:"$1":*)
            ;;
        *)
            if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
                PATH=$PATH:$1
            else
                PATH=$1:$PATH
            fi
    esac
}


if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
    if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
        # ksh workaround
        EUID=`/usr/bin/id -u`
        UID=`/usr/bin/id -ru`
    fi
    USER="`/usr/bin/id -un`"
    LOGNAME=$USER
    MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi

# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
    pathmunge /sbin
    pathmunge /usr/sbin
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
    pathmunge /usr/sbin after
    pathmunge /sbin after
fi

HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi

export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL

# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`/usr/bin/id -gn`" = "`/usr/bin/id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null 2>&1
        fi
    fi
done

unset i
unset -f pathmunge
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
     if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
        ulimit -p 16384
         ulimit -n 65536
     else
         ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
     fi
     umask 022
 fi

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ORACLE 11G安装之后运行这好几年一直没打过补丁，趁着这次假期准备更新补丁。用的是2019年4月16日的补丁。
1，更新OPatch

[root@node1 grid]# mv OPatch/ OPatch.20220930.bak
[root@node1 grid]# unzip /tmp/psu20190416/p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
[root@node1 grid]# chown -R grid:oinstall OPatch/
[root@node1 grid]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/
[root@node1 dbhome_1]# mv OPatch/ OPatch.20220930.bak
[root@node1 dbhome_1]# unzip /tmp/psu20190416/p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/
[root@node1 dbhome_1]# chown -R oracle:oinstall OPatch/
[root@node1 dbhome_1]# su - grid
[grid@node1 ~]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch version
然后就报错了
Java (1.6) could not be located. OPatch cannot proceed!
OPatch returns with error code = 1
而用之前版本的OPatch命令则没有报错
[grid@node1 ~]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch.20220930.bak/opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.4

OPatch succeeded.
百度了一下，说是因为系统JAVA_HOME没设置的原因，在opatch命令后面跟上-jre就行，于是就试着操作一下
[grid@node1 ~]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch version -jre /etc/alternatives/jre_1.6.0
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.21

OPatch succeeded.
嘿，还真的就行了
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2，查询补丁情况，命令执行成功

命令执行成功，结果显示
There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

[grid@node1 ~]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch lspatches -jre /etc/alternatives/jre_1.6.0
There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home "/u01/app/11.2.0/grid".

OPatch succeeded.
至此，看起来这个opatch命令加上-jre似乎正常执行了
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3，正式更新补丁时候又报错

Executing /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/crs/patch11203.pl -patchdir /tmp/psu20190416 -patchn 29255947 -oh /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/ -ocmrf /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin/ocm.rsp -paramfile /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params

This is the main log file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto2022-10-01_00-34-32.log

This file will show your detected configuration and all the steps that opatchauto attempted to do on your system:
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto2022-10-01_00-34-32.report.log

2022-10-01 00:34:32: Starting Clusterware Patch Setup
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
ERROR: Unable to run lspatches on /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

opatch auto failed.
opatch auto命令执行失败，根据这个错误ERROR提示，无法运行lspatches命令。再次加上-jre参数，更是无法执行
[root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch auto /tmp/psu20190416/29255947/ -oh /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/ -ocmrf /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin/ocm.rsp -jre /etc/alternatives/jre_1.6.0

Unknown option -jre
For help invoke 'opatch auto -h'


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详细日志，请看下面的附件
请问各位，这种问题是什么原因导致的，该如何解决？看起来是JAVA环境变量的问题？