PostgreSQL基础 centos7安装pgsql14(yum)

原创云散月明 All China Database Union 2022-07-17

305

CentOS 7.6.1810
postgresql 14.4

centos7安装pgsql14(yum)

[root@localhost ysym]# groupadd -g 2000 postgres
[root@localhost ysym]# useradd -u 2000 -g 2000 postgres
[root@localhost ysym]# id postgres
uid=2000(postgres) gid=2000(postgres) groups=2000(postgres)
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[root@localhost ysym]# yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm                                   | 8.1 kB  00:00:00     
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-p3DkG7/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm: pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch
Marking /var/tmp/yum-root-p3DkG7/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pgdg-redhat-repo.noarch 0:42.0-24 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

============================================================================================
 Package               Arch        Version       Repository                            Size
============================================================================================
Installing:
 pgdg-redhat-repo      noarch      42.0-24       /pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch       11 k

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 11 k
Installed size: 11 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch                                          1/1 
  Verifying  : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch                                          1/1 

Installed:
  pgdg-redhat-repo.noarch 0:42.0-24                                                         

Complete!
[root@localhost ysym]# yum install -y postgresql14-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
pgdg-common/7/x86_64/signature                                       |  198 B  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8:
 Userid     : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <pgsql-pkg-yum@postgresql.org>"
 Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8
 Package    : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
pgdg-common/7/x86_64/signature                                       | 2.9 kB  00:00:00 !!! 
pgdg10/7/x86_64/signature                                            |  198 B  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8:
 Userid     : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <pgsql-pkg-yum@postgresql.org>"
 Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8
 Package    : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
pgdg10/7/x86_64/signature                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00 !!! 
pgdg11/7/x86_64/signature                                            |  198 B  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8:
 Userid     : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <pgsql-pkg-yum@postgresql.org>"
 Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8
 Package    : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
pgdg11/7/x86_64/signature                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00 !!! 
pgdg12/7/x86_64/signature                                            |  198 B  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8:
 Userid     : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <pgsql-pkg-yum@postgresql.org>"
 Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8
 Package    : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
pgdg12/7/x86_64/signature                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00 !!! 
pgdg13/7/x86_64/signature                                            |  198 B  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8:
 Userid     : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <pgsql-pkg-yum@postgresql.org>"
 Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8
 Package    : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
pgdg13/7/x86_64/signature                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00 !!! 
pgdg14/7/x86_64/signature                                            |  198 B  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8:
 Userid     : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <pgsql-pkg-yum@postgresql.org>"
 Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8
 Package    : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
pgdg14/7/x86_64/signature                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00 !!! 
(1/11): pgdg11/7/x86_64/group_gz                                     |  245 B  00:00:01     
(2/11): pgdg10/7/x86_64/group_gz                                     |  245 B  00:00:01     
(3/11): pgdg12/7/x86_64/group_gz                                     |  245 B  00:00:00     
(4/11): pgdg10/7/x86_64/primary_db                                   | 381 kB  00:00:01     
(5/11): pgdg13/7/x86_64/group_gz                                     |  246 B  00:00:00     
(6/11): pgdg13/7/x86_64/primary_db                                   | 194 kB  00:00:00     
(7/11): pgdg14/7/x86_64/primary_db                                   | 115 kB  00:00:00     
(8/11): pgdg14/7/x86_64/group_gz                                     |  244 B  00:00:00     
(9/11): pgdg-common/7/x86_64/primary_db                              | 162 kB  00:00:02     
(10/11): pgdg11/7/x86_64/primary_db                                  | 411 kB  00:00:02     
(11/11): pgdg12/7/x86_64/primary_db                                  | 290 kB  00:00:03     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql14-server.x86_64 0:14.4-1PGDG.rhel7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: postgresql14-libs(x86-64) = 14.4-1PGDG.rhel7 for package: postgresql14-server-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: postgresql14(x86-64) = 14.4-1PGDG.rhel7 for package: postgresql14-server-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpq.so.5()(64bit) for package: postgresql14-server-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql14.x86_64 0:14.4-1PGDG.rhel7 will be installed
---> Package postgresql14-libs.x86_64 0:14.4-1PGDG.rhel7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

============================================================================================
 Package                     Arch           Version                    Repository      Size
============================================================================================
Installing:
 postgresql14-server         x86_64         14.4-1PGDG.rhel7           pgdg14         5.5 M
Installing for dependencies:
 postgresql14                x86_64         14.4-1PGDG.rhel7           pgdg14         1.5 M
 postgresql14-libs           x86_64         14.4-1PGDG.rhel7           pgdg14         268 k

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 7.2 M
Installed size: 31 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/pgdg14/packages/postgresql14-libs-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 442df0f8: NOKEY
Public key for postgresql14-libs-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/3): postgresql14-libs-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm                 | 268 kB  00:00:01     
(2/3): postgresql14-server-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm               | 5.5 MB  00:00:01     
(3/3): postgresql14-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm                      | 1.5 MB  00:00:10     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                       702 kB/s | 7.2 MB  00:00:10     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8:
 Userid     : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <pgsql-pkg-yum@postgresql.org>"
 Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8
 Package    : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-24.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : postgresql14-libs-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                1/3 
  Installing : postgresql14-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                     2/3 
  Installing : postgresql14-server-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                              3/3 
  Verifying  : postgresql14-server-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                              1/3 
  Verifying  : postgresql14-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                     2/3 
  Verifying  : postgresql14-libs-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                3/3 

Installed:
  postgresql14-server.x86_64 0:14.4-1PGDG.rhel7                                             

Dependency Installed:
  postgresql14.x86_64 0:14.4-1PGDG.rhel7     postgresql14-libs.x86_64 0:14.4-1PGDG.rhel7    

Complete!
[root@localhost ysym]# 
[root@localhost ysym]# rpm -qi postgresql14
Name        : postgresql14
Version     : 14.4
Release     : 1PGDG.rhel7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Tue 12 Jul 2022 08:37:28 PM CST
Group       : Unspecified
Size        : 8235039
License     : PostgreSQL
Signature   : DSA/SHA1, Thu 16 Jun 2022 08:23:24 PM CST, Key ID 1f16d2e1442df0f8
Source RPM  : postgresql14-14.4-1PGDG.rhel7.src.rpm
Build Date  : Thu 16 Jun 2022 07:34:18 PM CST
Build Host  : koji-centos7-x86-64-pgbuild
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Vendor      : PostgreSQL Global Development Group
URL         : https://www.postgresql.org/
Summary     : PostgreSQL client programs and libraries
Description :
PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational database management system (DBMS).
The base postgresql package contains the client programs that you'll need to
access a PostgreSQL DBMS server, as well as HTML documentation for the whole
system. These client programs can be located on the same machine as the
PostgreSQL server, or on a remote machine that accesses a PostgreSQL server
over a network connection. The PostgreSQL server can be found in the
postgresql14-server sub-package.

If you want to manipulate a PostgreSQL database on a local or remote PostgreSQL
server, you need this package. You also need to install this package
if you're installing the postgresql14-server package.

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[root@localhost ysym]# ls /usr/pgsql-14/bin/
clusterdb          pg_basebackup   pg_dumpall     pg_test_timing              postmaster
createdb           pgbench         pg_isready     pg_upgrade                  psql
createuser         pg_checksums    pg_receivewal  pg_verifybackup             reindexdb
dropdb             pg_config       pg_resetwal    pg_waldump                  vacuumdb
dropuser           pg_controldata  pg_restore     postgres
initdb             pg_ctl          pg_rewind      postgresql-14-check-db-dir
pg_archivecleanup  pg_dump         pg_test_fsync  postgresql-14-setup

[root@localhost ysym]# ls /usr/pgsql-14/bin/
clusterdb          pg_basebackup   pg_dumpall     pg_test_timing              postmaster
createdb           pgbench         pg_isready     pg_upgrade                  psql
createuser         pg_checksums    pg_receivewal  pg_verifybackup             reindexdb
dropdb             pg_config       pg_resetwal    pg_waldump                  vacuumdb
dropuser           pg_controldata  pg_restore     postgres
initdb             pg_ctl          pg_rewind      postgresql-14-check-db-dir
pg_archivecleanup  pg_dump         pg_test_fsync  postgresql-14-setup
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[root@localhost ysym]# vim /etc/profile
[root@localhost ysym]# source /etc/profile

[root@localhost ysym]# /usr/pgsql-14/bin/postgresql-14-setup initdb
Initializing database ... OK

[root@localhost ysym]# ls /var/lib/pgsql/14/data/
base          pg_dynshmem    pg_multixact  pg_snapshots  pg_tblspc    pg_xact
global        pg_hba.conf    pg_notify     pg_stat       pg_twophase  postgresql.auto.conf
log           pg_ident.conf  pg_replslot   pg_stat_tmp   PG_VERSION   postgresql.conf
pg_commit_ts  pg_logical     pg_serial     pg_subtrans   pg_wal

[root@localhost ysym]# systemctl enable postgresql-14.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql-14.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-14.service.
[root@localhost ysym]# systemctl start  postgresql-14.service
[root@localhost ysym]# systemctl status  postgresql-14.service
● postgresql-14.service - PostgreSQL 14 database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-14.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-07-12 20:43:18 CST; 5s ago
     Docs: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/14/static/
  Process: 73126 ExecStartPre=/usr/pgsql-14/bin/postgresql-14-check-db-dir ${PGDATA} (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 73135 (postmaster)
    Tasks: 8
   CGroup: /system.slice/postgresql-14.service
           ├─73135 /usr/pgsql-14/bin/postmaster -D /var/lib/pgsql/14/data/
           ├─73137 postgres: logger 
           ├─73139 postgres: checkpointer 
           ├─73140 postgres: background writer 
           ├─73141 postgres: walwriter 
           ├─73142 postgres: autovacuum launcher 
           ├─73143 postgres: stats collector 
           └─73144 postgres: logical replication launcher 

Jul 12 20:43:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL 14 database server...
Jul 12 20:43:18 localhost.localdomain postmaster[73135]: 2022-07-12 20:43:18.225 CST [73...s
Jul 12 20:43:18 localhost.localdomain postmaster[73135]: 2022-07-12 20:43:18.225 CST [73....
Jul 12 20:43:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started PostgreSQL 14 database server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@localhost ysym]# 

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[root@localhost ysym]# su - postgres
[postgres@localhost ~]$ psql
psql (14.4)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# \d
Did not find any relations.
postgres=# \l
                                  List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding |   Collate   |    Ctype    |   Access privileges   
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
(3 rows)

postgres=# \q

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