学习目标
掌握openGauss的用户和角色管理。
课程学习
使用create user创建的用户与使用create role创建的用户的区别在于，前者可以直接连接登录数据库，而使用create role创建的用户不能直接登录到数据库。必须添加LOGIN权限后，才能登录到数据库管理系统。
删除用户，首先需要将用户拥有的数据库对象转移或者删除。
课程作业
1.1 创建test10_tbs的表空间，在这个表空间中创建数据库testdb10
root@modb:~# su - omm omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# CREATE DATABASE testdb10 WITH TABLESPACE = test10_tbs; ERROR: tablespace "test10_tbs" does not exist omm=# CREATE TABLESPACE test10_tbs RELATIVE LOCATION 'tablespace/test10_tbs1'; CREATE TABLESPACE omm=# CREATE DAT omm=# \db List of tablespaces Name | Owner | Location ------------+-------+------------------------ pg_default | omm | pg_global | omm | test10_tbs | omm | tablespace/test10_tbs1 test_tbs | omm | tablespace/test_tbs1 test_tbs1 | user1 | tablespace/test_tbs11 (5 rows) omm=# \l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+-------+----------+---------+-------+------------------- omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C | postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C | testdb | user1 | UTF8 | C | C | =Tc/user1 + | | | | | user1=CTc/user1 + | | | | | user1=APm/user1 template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm testdb10 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | (6 rows)复制
1.2 使用create user创建用户user10，登录数据库testdb10，创建测试表t1和t2
omm=# CREATE USER user10 IDENTIFIED BY 'kunpeng@1234'; NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure. CREATE ROLE omm=# GRANT ALL ON DATABASE testdb TO user10; GRANT omm=# \l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+-------+----------+---------+-------+------------------- testdb10 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | (6 rows) omm=# omm | omm | UTF8 | C | C | postgres | omm | UTF8 | C | C | template0 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm template1 | omm | UTF8 | C | C | =c/omm + | | | | | omm=CTc/omm testdb | user1 | UTF8 | C | C | =Tc/user1 + | | | | | user1=CTc/user1 + | | | | | user1=APm/user1 + | | | | | user10=CTc/user1 + | | | | | user10=APm/user1 omm=# \du List of roles Role name | Attributes | Member of -----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------+----------- gaussdb | Sysadmin | {} omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {} user1 | | {} user10 | | {} omm=# \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb10 -U user10 -W kunpeng@1234 -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. testdb10=> create table t1(a int,b varchar(10)); ERROR: permission denied for schema public DETAIL: N/A testdb10=> \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# \c testdb10 Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) You are now connected to database "testdb10" as user "omm". testdb10=# grant all on schema public to user10; GRANT testdb10=# \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -U user10 -d testdb10 -r Password for user user10: gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. testdb10=> create table t1(a int,b varchar(10)); CREATE TABLE testdb10=> create table t2(a int,b varchar(10)); CREATE TABLE testdb10=> \d List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+------+-------+--------+---------------------------------- public | t1 | table | user10 | {orientation=row,compression=no} public | t2 | table | user10 | {orientation=row,compression=no} (2 rows)复制
1.3使用create role创建角色role10，登录数据库testdb10
omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# CREATE ROLE role10 IDENTIFIED BY 'kunpeng@1234'; NOTICE: The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure. CREATE ROLE omm=# GRANT ALL ON DATABASE testdb TO role10; GRANT omm=# \du List of roles Role name | Attributes | Member of -----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------+----------- gaussdb | Sysadmin | {} omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {} role10 | Cannot login | {} user1 | | {} user10 | | {} omm=# \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb10 -U role10 -W kunpeng@1234 -r gsql: FATAL: role "role10" is not permitted to login gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# alter user role10 LOGIN; ALTER ROLE omm=# \du List of roles Role name | Attributes | Member of -----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------+----------- gaussdb | Sysadmin | {} omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {} role10 | | {} user1 | | {} user10 | | {} omm@modb:~$ gsql -d testdb10 -U role10 -W kunpeng@1234 -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. testdb10=> \q复制
1.4 将表t1直接删除，将前面创建的表空间和数据库、表t2转给role10，删除用户user10
testdb10=> drop table t1; DROP TABLE testdb10=> \d List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+------+-------+--------+---------------------------------- public | t2 | table | user10 | {orientation=row,compression=no} (1 row) testdb10=> \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -r gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. omm=# \c testdb10 Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) You are now connected to database "testdb10" as user "omm". testdb10=# \d testdb10=# List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+------+-------+--------+---------------------------------- public | t2 | table | user10 | {orientation=row,compression=no} (1 row) testdb10=# alter database testdb10 owner to role10; ALTER DATABASE testdb10=# \db List of tablespaces Name | Owner | Location ------------+-------+----------------------- pg_default | omm | pg_global | omm | test10_tbs | omm | tablespace/test10_tbs (3 rows) testdb10=# alter tablespace test10_tbs owner to role10; ALTER TABLESPACE testdb10=# REASSIGN OWNED BY user10 to role10; REASSIGN OWNED testdb10=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+------+-------+--------+---------------------------------- public | t2 | table | role10 | {orientation=row,compression=no} (1 row) testdb10=# alter user role10 login; ALTER ROLE testdb10=# \q omm@modb:~$ gsql -U role10 -d testdb10 -r Password for user role10: gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:00 commit 0 last mr ) Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security) Type "help" for help. testdb10=> \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Storage --------+------+-------+--------+---------------------------------- public | t2 | table | role10 | {orientation=row,compression=no} (1 row) testdb10=# drop user user10; DROP ROLE testdb10=# \du List of roles Role name | Attributes | Membe r of -----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------ gaussdb | Sysadmin | {} omm | Sysadmin, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Administer audit, Monitoradmin, Operatoradmin, Policyadmin, UseFT | {} role10 |复制
1.5 最后删除role10
omm=# drop user role10; ERROR: role "role10" cannot be dropped because some objects depend on it DETAIL: owner of database testdb10 owner of tablespace test10_tbs privileges for database testdb复制
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墨天轮-雪宝君
2年前
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