因前端代码连接pg的需要，又参考之前的文档重新安装了一遍postgresql，想一次性过还是有点小问题，涉及防火墙、配置文件的修改等等。
1、直接通过yum安装postgresql-server和postgresql-contrib。
[root@localhost lib]# yum install postgresql-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
Could not get metalink https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=x86_64 error was
12: Timeout on https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=x86_64: (28, 'Operation timed out after 30001 milliseconds with 0 out of 0 bytes received')
* base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
* epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql80-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/erlang/el/7/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 12] Timeout on https://d28dx6y1hfq314.cloudfront.net/828/1039/el/7/x86_64/repodata/f529b4a78e15bfff91a18ffa428f84e44173906fd12ad40ad2c914dfbba4ad7b-repomd.xml?t=1671159862_40278d5a1b11edb691c5e24a1e2778007e7413cc: (28, 'Resolving timed out after 30535 milliseconds')
Trying other mirror.
rabbitmq_erlang/x86_64/signature | 833 B 00:00:00
rabbitmq_erlang/x86_64/signature | 1.8 kB 00:00:00 !!!
rabbitmq_erlang-source/signature | 819 B 00:00:00
rabbitmq_erlang-source/signature | 951 B 00:00:00 !!!
rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server/x86_64/signature | 833 B 00:00:00
rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server/x86_64/signature | 1.8 kB 00:00:00 !!!
rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server-source/signature | 836 B 00:00:00
rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server-source/signature | 1.0 kB 00:00:00 !!!
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
wandisco-git | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 18 MB 00:00:03
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql-server.x86_64 0:9.2.24-8.el7_9 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: postgresql-libs(x86-64) = 9.2.24-8.el7_9 for package: postgresql-server-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: postgresql(x86-64) = 9.2.24-8.el7_9 for package: postgresql-server-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpq.so.5()(64bit) for package: postgresql-server-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql.x86_64 0:9.2.24-8.el7_9 will be installed
---> Package postgresql-libs.x86_64 0:9.2.24-8.el7_9 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==========================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================================================
Installing:
postgresql-server x86_64 9.2.24-8.el7_9 updates 3.8 M
Installing for dependencies:
postgresql x86_64 9.2.24-8.el7_9 updates 3.0 M
postgresql-libs x86_64 9.2.24-8.el7_9 updates 235 k
Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 7.1 M
Installed size: 33 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/3): postgresql-libs-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 235 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): postgresql-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 3.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/3): postgresql-server-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 3.8 MB 00:00:02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.7 MB/s | 7.1 MB 00:00:02
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : postgresql-libs-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64 1/3
Installing : postgresql-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64 2/3
Installing : postgresql-server-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64 3/3
Verifying : postgresql-server-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64 1/3
Verifying : postgresql-libs-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64 2/3
Verifying : postgresql-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
postgresql-server.x86_64 0:9.2.24-8.el7_9
Dependency Installed:
postgresql.x86_64 0:9.2.24-8.el7_9 postgresql-libs.x86_64 0:9.2.24-8.el7_9
Complete!
[root@localhost lib]# yum install postgresql-contrib
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink | 10 kB 00:00:00
* base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
* epel: mirror.01link.hk
* extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 98 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:01
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql-contrib.x86_64 0:9.2.24-8.el7_9 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libossp-uuid.so.16()(64bit) for package: postgresql-contrib-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package uuid.x86_64 0:1.6.2-26.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==========================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================================================
Installing:
postgresql-contrib x86_64 9.2.24-8.el7_9 updates 553 k
Installing for dependencies:
uuid x86_64 1.6.2-26.el7 base 55 k
Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 608 k
Installed size: 1.9 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/2): uuid-1.6.2-26.el7.x86_64.rpm | 55 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): postgresql-contrib-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 553 kB 00:00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.4 MB/s | 608 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : uuid-1.6.2-26.el7.x86_64 1/2
Installing : postgresql-contrib-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : uuid-1.6.2-26.el7.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : postgresql-contrib-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64 2/2
Installed:
postgresql-contrib.x86_64 0:9.2.24-8.el7_9
Dependency Installed:
uuid.x86_64 0:1.6.2-26.el7
Complete!
[root@localhost lib]# rpm -aq|grep postgres
postgresql-libs-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64
postgresql-contrib-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64
postgresql-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64
postgresql-server-9.2.24-8.el7_9.x86_64复制
2、初始化数据库，并启动和查看postgresql
[root@localhost lib]# postgresql-setup initdb
Initializing database ... OK
[root@localhost lib]# systemctl start postgresql
[root@localhost lib]# systemctl status postgresql
● postgresql.service - PostgreSQL database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2022-12-16 11:04:56 CST; 11s ago
Process: 28364 ExecStart=/usr/bin/pg_ctl start -D ${PGDATA} -s -o -p ${PGPORT} -w -t 300 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 28358 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/postgresql-check-db-dir ${PGDATA} (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 28367 (postgres)
CGroup: /system.slice/postgresql.service
├─28367 /usr/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/pgsql/data -p 5432
├─28368 postgres: logger process
├─28370 postgres: checkpointer process
├─28371 postgres: writer process
├─28372 postgres: wal writer process
├─28373 postgres: autovacuum launcher process
└─28374 postgres: stats collector process
Dec 16 11:04:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL database server...
Dec 16 11:04:56 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started PostgreSQL database server.
[root@localhost lib]# systemctl enable postgresql
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service.复制
3、开启访问端口和启用防火墙
小插曲提示firewalld is not running，需要启动防火墙
[root@localhost lib]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5432/tcp
FirewallD is not running
[root@localhost lib]# systemctl start firewalld.service
[root@localhost lib]# systemctl enable firewalld.service
[root@localhost lib]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2022-12-16 11:08:34 CST; 16s ago
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Main PID: 28993 (firewalld)
CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
└─28993 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
Dec 16 11:08:33 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Dec 16 11:08:34 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
[root@localhost lib]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5432/tcp
success
[root@localhost lib]# firewall-cmd --reload
success复制
4、进入postgresql进行测试
先通过psql进入pg，修改口令
[root@localhost lib]# su - postgres
-bash-4.2$ psql -U postgres
psql (9.2.24)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD '*******';
ALTER ROLE
postgres=# ^Z
[1]+ Stopped psql -U postgres
-bash-4.2$复制
5、通过Navicat客户端配置pg连接，无法访问数据库
6、进入数据库，查看监听地址，发线默认是localhost监听
-bash-4.2$ psql -U postgres
psql (9.2.24)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# SHOW listen_addresses;
listen_addresses
------------------
localhost
(1 row)复制
7、修改postgresql.conf和pg_hba.conf文件，再重启
-bash-4.2$ cd /var/lib/pgsql/data
-bash-4.2$ vi postgresql.conf
# -----------------------------
# PostgreSQL configuration file
# -----------------------------
#
listen_addresses = '*' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
-bash-4.2$ vi pg_hba.conf
# PostgreSQL Client Authentication Configuration File
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 ident
host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
"pg_hba.conf" 90L, 4302C written
"postgresql.conf" 578L, 19836C written
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart postgresql复制
8、再次通过Navicat客户端配置pg连接，访问数据库就OK了
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